Sustainable Sourcing of Global Agricultural Raw Materials: Assessing Gaps in Key Impact and Vulnerability Issues and Indicators
Identifieur interne : 000038 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000037; suivant : 000039Sustainable Sourcing of Global Agricultural Raw Materials: Assessing Gaps in Key Impact and Vulnerability Issues and Indicators
Auteurs : Nathaniel P. Springer [États-Unis] ; Kelly Garbach [États-Unis] ; Kathleen Guillozet [États-Unis] ; Van R. Haden [États-Unis] ; Prashant Hedao [États-Unis] ; Allan D. Hollander [États-Unis] ; Patrick R. Huber [États-Unis] ; Christina Ingersoll [États-Unis] ; Megan Langner [États-Unis] ; Genevieve Lipari [États-Unis] ; Yaser Mohammadi [États-Unis] ; Ruthie Musker [États-Unis] ; Marina Piatto [États-Unis] ; Courtney Riggle [États-Unis] ; Melissa Schweisguth [États-Unis] ; Emily Sin [États-Unis] ; Sara Snider [États-Unis] ; Nataša Vidic [États-Unis] ; Aubrey White [États-Unis] ; Sonja Brodt [États-Unis] ; James F. Quinn [États-Unis] ; Thomas P. Tomich [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Understanding how to source agricultural raw materials sustainably is challenging in today’s globalized food system given the variety of issues to be considered and the multitude of suggested indicators for representing these issues. Furthermore, stakeholders in the global food system both impact these issues and are themselves vulnerable to these issues, an important duality that is often implied but not explicitly described. The attention given to these issues and conceptual frameworks varies greatly—depending largely on the stakeholder perspective—as does the set of indicators developed to measure them. To better structure these complex relationships and assess any gaps, we collate a comprehensive list of sustainability issues and a database of sustainability indicators to represent them. To assure a breadth of inclusion, the issues are pulled from the following three perspectives: major global sustainability assessments, sustainability communications from global food companies, and conceptual frameworks of sustainable livelihoods from academic publications. These terms are integrated across perspectives using a common vocabulary, classified by their relevance to impacts and vulnerabilities, and categorized into groups by economic, environmental, physical, human, social, and political characteristics. These issues are then associated with over 2,000 sustainability indicators gathered from existing sources. A gap analysis is then performed to determine if particular issues and issue groups are over or underrepresented. This process results in 44 “integrated” issues—24 impact issues and 36 vulnerability issues —that are composed of 318 “component” issues. The gap analysis shows that although every integrated issue is mentioned at least 40% of the time across perspectives, no issue is mentioned more than 70% of the time. A few issues infrequently mentioned across perspectives also have relatively few indicators available to fully represent them. Issues in the impact framework generally have fewer gaps than those in the vulnerability framework.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128752
PubMed: 26065899
PubMed Central: 4465747
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4465747Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Sustainable Sourcing of Global Agricultural Raw Materials: Assessing Gaps in Key Impact and Vulnerability Issues and Indicators</title><author><name sortKey="Springer, Nathaniel P" sort="Springer, Nathaniel P" uniqKey="Springer N" first="Nathaniel P." last="Springer">Nathaniel P. Springer</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garbach, Kelly" sort="Garbach, Kelly" uniqKey="Garbach K" first="Kelly" last="Garbach">Kelly Garbach</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guillozet, Kathleen" sort="Guillozet, Kathleen" uniqKey="Guillozet K" first="Kathleen" last="Guillozet">Kathleen Guillozet</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haden, Van R" sort="Haden, Van R" uniqKey="Haden V" first="Van R." last="Haden">Van R. Haden</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hedao, Prashant" sort="Hedao, Prashant" uniqKey="Hedao P" first="Prashant" last="Hedao">Prashant Hedao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hollander, Allan D" sort="Hollander, Allan D" uniqKey="Hollander A" first="Allan D." last="Hollander">Allan D. Hollander</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huber, Patrick R" sort="Huber, Patrick R" uniqKey="Huber P" first="Patrick R." last="Huber">Patrick R. Huber</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingersoll, Christina" sort="Ingersoll, Christina" uniqKey="Ingersoll C" first="Christina" last="Ingersoll">Christina Ingersoll</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langner, Megan" sort="Langner, Megan" uniqKey="Langner M" first="Megan" last="Langner">Megan Langner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipari, Genevieve" sort="Lipari, Genevieve" uniqKey="Lipari G" first="Genevieve" last="Lipari">Genevieve Lipari</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohammadi, Yaser" sort="Mohammadi, Yaser" uniqKey="Mohammadi Y" first="Yaser" last="Mohammadi">Yaser Mohammadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musker, Ruthie" sort="Musker, Ruthie" uniqKey="Musker R" first="Ruthie" last="Musker">Ruthie Musker</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piatto, Marina" sort="Piatto, Marina" uniqKey="Piatto M" first="Marina" last="Piatto">Marina Piatto</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riggle, Courtney" sort="Riggle, Courtney" uniqKey="Riggle C" first="Courtney" last="Riggle">Courtney Riggle</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schweisguth, Melissa" sort="Schweisguth, Melissa" uniqKey="Schweisguth M" first="Melissa" last="Schweisguth">Melissa Schweisguth</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sin, Emily" sort="Sin, Emily" uniqKey="Sin E" first="Emily" last="Sin">Emily Sin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Snider, Sara" sort="Snider, Sara" uniqKey="Snider S" first="Sara" last="Snider">Sara Snider</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vidic, Natasa" sort="Vidic, Natasa" uniqKey="Vidic N" first="Nataša" last="Vidic">Nataša Vidic</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="White, Aubrey" sort="White, Aubrey" uniqKey="White A" first="Aubrey" last="White">Aubrey White</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brodt, Sonja" sort="Brodt, Sonja" uniqKey="Brodt S" first="Sonja" last="Brodt">Sonja Brodt</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, James F" sort="Quinn, James F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="James F." last="Quinn">James F. Quinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomich, Thomas P" sort="Tomich, Thomas P" uniqKey="Tomich T" first="Thomas P." last="Tomich">Thomas P. Tomich</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26065899</idno><idno type="pmc">4465747</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4465747</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4465747</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0128752</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000038</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000038</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Sustainable Sourcing of Global Agricultural Raw Materials: Assessing Gaps in Key Impact and Vulnerability Issues and Indicators</title><author><name sortKey="Springer, Nathaniel P" sort="Springer, Nathaniel P" uniqKey="Springer N" first="Nathaniel P." last="Springer">Nathaniel P. Springer</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garbach, Kelly" sort="Garbach, Kelly" uniqKey="Garbach K" first="Kelly" last="Garbach">Kelly Garbach</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guillozet, Kathleen" sort="Guillozet, Kathleen" uniqKey="Guillozet K" first="Kathleen" last="Guillozet">Kathleen Guillozet</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haden, Van R" sort="Haden, Van R" uniqKey="Haden V" first="Van R." last="Haden">Van R. Haden</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hedao, Prashant" sort="Hedao, Prashant" uniqKey="Hedao P" first="Prashant" last="Hedao">Prashant Hedao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hollander, Allan D" sort="Hollander, Allan D" uniqKey="Hollander A" first="Allan D." last="Hollander">Allan D. Hollander</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huber, Patrick R" sort="Huber, Patrick R" uniqKey="Huber P" first="Patrick R." last="Huber">Patrick R. Huber</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingersoll, Christina" sort="Ingersoll, Christina" uniqKey="Ingersoll C" first="Christina" last="Ingersoll">Christina Ingersoll</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langner, Megan" sort="Langner, Megan" uniqKey="Langner M" first="Megan" last="Langner">Megan Langner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipari, Genevieve" sort="Lipari, Genevieve" uniqKey="Lipari G" first="Genevieve" last="Lipari">Genevieve Lipari</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohammadi, Yaser" sort="Mohammadi, Yaser" uniqKey="Mohammadi Y" first="Yaser" last="Mohammadi">Yaser Mohammadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musker, Ruthie" sort="Musker, Ruthie" uniqKey="Musker R" first="Ruthie" last="Musker">Ruthie Musker</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piatto, Marina" sort="Piatto, Marina" uniqKey="Piatto M" first="Marina" last="Piatto">Marina Piatto</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riggle, Courtney" sort="Riggle, Courtney" uniqKey="Riggle C" first="Courtney" last="Riggle">Courtney Riggle</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schweisguth, Melissa" sort="Schweisguth, Melissa" uniqKey="Schweisguth M" first="Melissa" last="Schweisguth">Melissa Schweisguth</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sin, Emily" sort="Sin, Emily" uniqKey="Sin E" first="Emily" last="Sin">Emily Sin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Snider, Sara" sort="Snider, Sara" uniqKey="Snider S" first="Sara" last="Snider">Sara Snider</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vidic, Natasa" sort="Vidic, Natasa" uniqKey="Vidic N" first="Nataša" last="Vidic">Nataša Vidic</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="White, Aubrey" sort="White, Aubrey" uniqKey="White A" first="Aubrey" last="White">Aubrey White</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brodt, Sonja" sort="Brodt, Sonja" uniqKey="Brodt S" first="Sonja" last="Brodt">Sonja Brodt</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, James F" sort="Quinn, James F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="James F." last="Quinn">James F. Quinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomich, Thomas P" sort="Tomich, Thomas P" uniqKey="Tomich T" first="Thomas P." last="Tomich">Thomas P. Tomich</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Understanding how to source agricultural raw materials sustainably is challenging in today’s globalized food system given the variety of issues to be considered and the multitude of suggested indicators for representing these issues. Furthermore, stakeholders in the global food system both impact these issues and are themselves vulnerable to these issues, an important duality that is often implied but not explicitly described. The attention given to these issues and conceptual frameworks varies greatly—depending largely on the stakeholder perspective—as does the set of indicators developed to measure them. To better structure these complex relationships and assess any gaps, we collate a comprehensive list of sustainability issues and a database of sustainability indicators to represent them. To assure a breadth of inclusion, the issues are pulled from the following three perspectives: major global sustainability assessments, sustainability communications from global food companies, and conceptual frameworks of sustainable livelihoods from academic publications. These terms are integrated across perspectives using a common vocabulary, classified by their relevance to impacts and vulnerabilities, and categorized into groups by economic, environmental, physical, human, social, and political characteristics. These issues are then associated with over 2,000 sustainability indicators gathered from existing sources. A gap analysis is then performed to determine if particular issues and issue groups are over or underrepresented. This process results in 44 “integrated” issues—24 impact issues and 36 vulnerability issues —that are composed of 318 “component” issues. The gap analysis shows that although every integrated issue is mentioned at least 40% of the time across perspectives, no issue is mentioned more than 70% of the time. A few issues infrequently mentioned across perspectives also have relatively few indicators available to fully represent them. Issues in the impact framework generally have fewer gaps than those in the vulnerability framework.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hertwich, Eg" uniqKey="Hertwich E">EG Hertwich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hamprecht, J" uniqKey="Hamprecht J">J Hamprecht</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corsten, D" uniqKey="Corsten D">D Corsten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Noll, M" uniqKey="Noll M">M Noll</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meier, E" uniqKey="Meier E">E Meier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gold, S" uniqKey="Gold S">S Gold</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seuring, S" uniqKey="Seuring S">S Seuring</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beske, P" uniqKey="Beske P">P Beske</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duchin, F" uniqKey="Duchin F">F Duchin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pelletier, N" uniqKey="Pelletier N">N Pelletier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Audsley, E" uniqKey="Audsley E">E Audsley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brodt, S" uniqKey="Brodt S">S Brodt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garnett, T" uniqKey="Garnett T">T Garnett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henriksson, P" uniqKey="Henriksson P">P Henriksson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brodt, S" uniqKey="Brodt S">S Brodt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kramer, Kj" uniqKey="Kramer K">KJ Kramer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kendall, A" uniqKey="Kendall A">A Kendall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feenstra, G" uniqKey="Feenstra G">G Feenstra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Norgaard, Rb" uniqKey="Norgaard R">RB Norgaard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dixon, Ja" uniqKey="Dixon J">JA Dixon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fallon, La" uniqKey="Fallon L">LA Fallon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rockstrom, J" uniqKey="Rockstrom J">J Rockström</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steffen, W" uniqKey="Steffen W">W Steffen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Noone, K" uniqKey="Noone K">K Noone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Persson, Aa" uniqKey="Persson A">AA Persson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chapin, Fs" uniqKey="Chapin F">FS Chapin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Elkington, J" uniqKey="Elkington J">J Elkington</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carroll, Ab" uniqKey="Carroll A">AB Carroll</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dahlsrud, A" uniqKey="Dahlsrud A">A Dahlsrud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Seuring, S" uniqKey="Seuring S">S Seuring</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, M" uniqKey="Muller M">M Müller</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Burg, J" uniqKey="Burg J">J Burg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ericksen, P" uniqKey="Ericksen P">P Ericksen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thornton, P" uniqKey="Thornton P">P Thornton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Notenbaert, A" uniqKey="Notenbaert A">A Notenbaert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cramer, L" uniqKey="Cramer L">L Cramer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, P" uniqKey="Jones P">P Jones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kelly, Pm" uniqKey="Kelly P">PM Kelly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adger, Wn" uniqKey="Adger W">WN Adger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duhaime, G" uniqKey="Duhaime G">G Duhaime</name></author><author><name sortKey="Godmaire, A" uniqKey="Godmaire A">A Godmaire</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Scoones, I" uniqKey="Scoones I">I Scoones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mitchell, Re" uniqKey="Mitchell R">RE Mitchell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parkins, Jr" uniqKey="Parkins J">JR Parkins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bacon, Cm" uniqKey="Bacon C">CM Bacon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Getz, C" uniqKey="Getz C">C Getz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kraus, S" uniqKey="Kraus S">S Kraus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montenegro, M" uniqKey="Montenegro M">M Montenegro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holland, K" uniqKey="Holland K">K Holland</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reed, Ms" uniqKey="Reed M">MS Reed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fraser, Edg" uniqKey="Fraser E">EDG Fraser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dougill, Aj" uniqKey="Dougill A">AJ Dougill</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brundtland, G" uniqKey="Brundtland G">G Brundtland</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ash, N" uniqKey="Ash N">N Ash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bennett, K" uniqKey="Bennett K">K Bennett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reid, W" uniqKey="Reid W">W Reid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Irwin, F" uniqKey="Irwin F">F Irwin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ranganathan, J" uniqKey="Ranganathan J">J Ranganathan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ash, N" uniqKey="Ash N">N Ash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, H" uniqKey="Blanco H">H Blanco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, C" uniqKey="Brown C">C Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, K" uniqKey="Garcia K">K Garcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henrichs, T" uniqKey="Henrichs T">T Henrichs</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Strand, H" uniqKey="Strand H">H Strand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoft, R" uniqKey="Hoft R">R Hoft</name></author><author><name sortKey="Strittholt, J" uniqKey="Strittholt J">J Strittholt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miles, L" uniqKey="Miles L">L Miles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Horning, N" uniqKey="Horning N">N Horning</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guttenstein, E" uniqKey="Guttenstein E">E Guttenstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scialabba, Ne" uniqKey="Scialabba N">NE Scialabba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Loh, J" uniqKey="Loh J">J Loh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Courville, S" uniqKey="Courville S">S Courville</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Scholes, R" uniqKey="Scholes R">R Scholes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Biggs, R" uniqKey="Biggs R">R Biggs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palm, C" uniqKey="Palm C">C Palm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duraiappah, A" uniqKey="Duraiappah A">A Duraiappah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ash, N" uniqKey="Ash N">N Ash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, H" uniqKey="Blanco H">H Blanco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, C" uniqKey="Brown C">C Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, K" uniqKey="Garcia K">K Garcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henrichs, T" uniqKey="Henrichs T">T Henrichs</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Scoones, I" uniqKey="Scoones I">I Scoones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pender, J" uniqKey="Pender J">J Pender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Place, F" uniqKey="Place F">F Place</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ehui, S" uniqKey="Ehui S">S Ehui</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moser, C" uniqKey="Moser C">C Moser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Norton, A" uniqKey="Norton A">A Norton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Conway, T" uniqKey="Conway T">T Conway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, C" uniqKey="Ferguson C">C Ferguson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vizard, P" uniqKey="Vizard P">P Vizard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sobal, J" uniqKey="Sobal J">J Sobal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khan, Lk" uniqKey="Khan L">LK Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bisogni, C" uniqKey="Bisogni C">C Bisogni</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ericksen, Pj" uniqKey="Ericksen P">PJ Ericksen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stamoulis, K" uniqKey="Stamoulis K">K Stamoulis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zezza, A" uniqKey="Zezza A">A Zezza</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Riely, F" uniqKey="Riely F">F Riely</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mock, N" uniqKey="Mock N">N Mock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cogill, B" uniqKey="Cogill B">B Cogill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bailey, L" uniqKey="Bailey L">L Bailey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kenefick, E" uniqKey="Kenefick E">E Kenefick</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jonsson, U" uniqKey="Jonsson U">U Jonsson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yu, Q" uniqKey="Yu Q">Q Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, W" uniqKey="Wu W">W Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, P" uniqKey="Yang P">P Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Z" uniqKey="Li Z">Z Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, W" uniqKey="Xiong W">W Xiong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Caracciolo, C" uniqKey="Caracciolo C">C Caracciolo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morshed, A" uniqKey="Morshed A">A Morshed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stellato, A" uniqKey="Stellato A">A Stellato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johannsen, G" uniqKey="Johannsen G">G Johannsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jaques, Y" uniqKey="Jaques Y">Y Jaques</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Barriocanal, E" uniqKey="Garcia Barriocanal E">E García-Barriocanal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cebeci, Z" uniqKey="Cebeci Z">Z Cebeci</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okur, Mc" uniqKey="Okur M">MC Okur</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozturk, A" uniqKey="Ozturk A">A Öztürk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adato, M" uniqKey="Adato M">M Adato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meinzen Dick, R" uniqKey="Meinzen Dick R">R Meinzen-Dick</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pretty, J" uniqKey="Pretty J">J Pretty</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tomich, Tp" uniqKey="Tomich T">TP Tomich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Argumedo, A" uniqKey="Argumedo A">A Argumedo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baste, I" uniqKey="Baste I">I Baste</name></author><author><name sortKey="Camac, E" uniqKey="Camac E">E Camac</name></author><author><name sortKey="Filer, C" uniqKey="Filer C">C Filer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ash, N" uniqKey="Ash N">N Ash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, H" uniqKey="Blanco H">H Blanco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, C" uniqKey="Brown C">C Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, K" uniqKey="Garcia K">K Garcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henrichs, T" uniqKey="Henrichs T">T Henrichs</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Esty, Dc" uniqKey="Esty D">DC Esty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levy, M" uniqKey="Levy M">M Levy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Srebotnjak, T" uniqKey="Srebotnjak T">T Srebotnjak</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Sherbinin, A" uniqKey="De Sherbinin A">A de Sherbinin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alarcon, D" uniqKey="Alarcon D">D Alarcon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deoudes, G" uniqKey="Deoudes G">G Deoudes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Joehnik, Tf" uniqKey="Joehnik T">TF Joehnik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jordan, K" uniqKey="Jordan K">K Jordan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, S" uniqKey="Kim S">S Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bergamini, N" uniqKey="Bergamini N">N Bergamini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blasiak, R" uniqKey="Blasiak R">R Blasiak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eyzaguirre, P" uniqKey="Eyzaguirre P">P Eyzaguirre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ichikawa, K" uniqKey="Ichikawa K">K Ichikawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mijatovic, D" uniqKey="Mijatovic D">D Mijatovic</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Malthus, Tr" uniqKey="Malthus T">TR Malthus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boulding, K" uniqKey="Boulding K">K Boulding</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jarrett, H" uniqKey="Jarrett H">H Jarrett</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hardin, G" uniqKey="Hardin G">G Hardin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Meadows, Dh" uniqKey="Meadows D">DH Meadows</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goldsmith, Ei" uniqKey="Goldsmith E">EI Goldsmith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meadow, P" uniqKey="Meadow P">P Meadow</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lucas, N" uniqKey="Lucas N">N Lucas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raudsepp Hearne, C" uniqKey="Raudsepp Hearne C">C Raudsepp-Hearne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, H" uniqKey="Blanco H">H Blanco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ash, N" uniqKey="Ash N">N Ash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, H" uniqKey="Blanco H">H Blanco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, C" uniqKey="Brown C">C Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, K" uniqKey="Garcia K">K Garcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henrichs, T" uniqKey="Henrichs T">T Henrichs</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ball, Ir" uniqKey="Ball I">IR Ball</name></author><author><name sortKey="Possingham, Hp" uniqKey="Possingham H">HP Possingham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watts, M" uniqKey="Watts M">M Watts</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huber, Pr" uniqKey="Huber P">PR Huber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Springer, N" uniqKey="Springer N">N Springer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hollander, A" uniqKey="Hollander A">A Hollander</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haden, Vr" uniqKey="Haden V">VR Haden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brodt, S" uniqKey="Brodt S">S Brodt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomich, T" uniqKey="Tomich T">T Tomich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26065899</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4465747</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0128752</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-04197</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Sustainable Sourcing of Global Agricultural Raw Materials: Assessing Gaps in Key Impact and Vulnerability Issues and Indicators</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Sustainable Sourcing Issue and Indicator Gaps</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Springer</surname><given-names>Nathaniel P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Garbach</surname><given-names>Kelly</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Guillozet</surname><given-names>Kathleen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haden</surname><given-names>Van R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hedao</surname><given-names>Prashant</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hollander</surname><given-names>Allan D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Huber</surname><given-names>Patrick R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ingersoll</surname><given-names>Christina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Langner</surname><given-names>Megan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lipari</surname><given-names>Genevieve</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mohammadi</surname><given-names>Yaser</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Musker</surname><given-names>Ruthie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Piatto</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Riggle</surname><given-names>Courtney</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schweisguth</surname><given-names>Melissa</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sin</surname><given-names>Emily</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Snider</surname><given-names>Sara</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vidic</surname><given-names>Nataša</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>White</surname><given-names>Aubrey</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brodt</surname><given-names>Sonja</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Quinn</surname><given-names>James F.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tomich</surname><given-names>Thomas P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Information Center for the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Cheng</surname><given-names>Zhihui</given-names></name><role>Academic Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Northwest A&F University, CHINA</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>Funding for this research was provided by Mars, Inc (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.mars.com/">http://www.mars.com/</ext-link>). “Mars, Inc”. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: NPS K. Garbach K. Guillozet RH PH AH PRH CI ML GL YM RM MP CR MS ES SS NV AW SB JFQ TPT. Performed the experiments: NPS K. Garbach K. Guillozet VRH PH AH PRH CI ML GL YM RM MP CR MS ES SS NV AW SB JFQ TPT. Analyzed the data: NPS K. Garbach K. Guillozet VRH PH AH PRH CI ML GL YM RM MP CR MS ES SS NV AW SB JFQ TPT. Wrote the paper: NPS K. Garbach K. Guillozet VRH AH PRH CR SB JFQ TPT.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>npspringer@ucdavis.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>e0128752</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>7</day><month>2</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>30</day><month>4</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Springer et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0128752.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Understanding how to source agricultural raw materials sustainably is challenging in today’s globalized food system given the variety of issues to be considered and the multitude of suggested indicators for representing these issues. Furthermore, stakeholders in the global food system both impact these issues and are themselves vulnerable to these issues, an important duality that is often implied but not explicitly described. The attention given to these issues and conceptual frameworks varies greatly—depending largely on the stakeholder perspective—as does the set of indicators developed to measure them. To better structure these complex relationships and assess any gaps, we collate a comprehensive list of sustainability issues and a database of sustainability indicators to represent them. To assure a breadth of inclusion, the issues are pulled from the following three perspectives: major global sustainability assessments, sustainability communications from global food companies, and conceptual frameworks of sustainable livelihoods from academic publications. These terms are integrated across perspectives using a common vocabulary, classified by their relevance to impacts and vulnerabilities, and categorized into groups by economic, environmental, physical, human, social, and political characteristics. These issues are then associated with over 2,000 sustainability indicators gathered from existing sources. A gap analysis is then performed to determine if particular issues and issue groups are over or underrepresented. This process results in 44 “integrated” issues—24 impact issues and 36 vulnerability issues —that are composed of 318 “component” issues. The gap analysis shows that although every integrated issue is mentioned at least 40% of the time across perspectives, no issue is mentioned more than 70% of the time. A few issues infrequently mentioned across perspectives also have relatively few indicators available to fully represent them. Issues in the impact framework generally have fewer gaps than those in the vulnerability framework.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>Funding for this research was partially provided by Mars, Inc (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.mars.com/">http://www.mars.com/</ext-link>). This funding was used for employment of some of the authors, the development of prototype software tools, as well as for travel and meetings with stakeholder advisers. Financial support was also received from two USDA NIFA projects (CA-D*-XXX-7766-H and CA-D581 ESP-2100-H). The funders were involved in study design, but had no role in the data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="7"></fig-count><table-count count="0"></table-count><page-count count="22"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Springer, Nathaniel P" sort="Springer, Nathaniel P" uniqKey="Springer N" first="Nathaniel P." last="Springer">Nathaniel P. Springer</name></region><name sortKey="Brodt, Sonja" sort="Brodt, Sonja" uniqKey="Brodt S" first="Sonja" last="Brodt">Sonja Brodt</name><name sortKey="Garbach, Kelly" sort="Garbach, Kelly" uniqKey="Garbach K" first="Kelly" last="Garbach">Kelly Garbach</name><name sortKey="Guillozet, Kathleen" sort="Guillozet, Kathleen" uniqKey="Guillozet K" first="Kathleen" last="Guillozet">Kathleen Guillozet</name><name sortKey="Haden, Van R" sort="Haden, Van R" uniqKey="Haden V" first="Van R." last="Haden">Van R. Haden</name><name sortKey="Hedao, Prashant" sort="Hedao, Prashant" uniqKey="Hedao P" first="Prashant" last="Hedao">Prashant Hedao</name><name sortKey="Hollander, Allan D" sort="Hollander, Allan D" uniqKey="Hollander A" first="Allan D." last="Hollander">Allan D. Hollander</name><name sortKey="Huber, Patrick R" sort="Huber, Patrick R" uniqKey="Huber P" first="Patrick R." last="Huber">Patrick R. Huber</name><name sortKey="Ingersoll, Christina" sort="Ingersoll, Christina" uniqKey="Ingersoll C" first="Christina" last="Ingersoll">Christina Ingersoll</name><name sortKey="Langner, Megan" sort="Langner, Megan" uniqKey="Langner M" first="Megan" last="Langner">Megan Langner</name><name sortKey="Lipari, Genevieve" sort="Lipari, Genevieve" uniqKey="Lipari G" first="Genevieve" last="Lipari">Genevieve Lipari</name><name sortKey="Mohammadi, Yaser" sort="Mohammadi, Yaser" uniqKey="Mohammadi Y" first="Yaser" last="Mohammadi">Yaser Mohammadi</name><name sortKey="Musker, Ruthie" sort="Musker, Ruthie" uniqKey="Musker R" first="Ruthie" last="Musker">Ruthie Musker</name><name sortKey="Piatto, Marina" sort="Piatto, Marina" uniqKey="Piatto M" first="Marina" last="Piatto">Marina Piatto</name><name sortKey="Quinn, James F" sort="Quinn, James F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="James F." last="Quinn">James F. Quinn</name><name sortKey="Riggle, Courtney" sort="Riggle, Courtney" uniqKey="Riggle C" first="Courtney" last="Riggle">Courtney Riggle</name><name sortKey="Schweisguth, Melissa" sort="Schweisguth, Melissa" uniqKey="Schweisguth M" first="Melissa" last="Schweisguth">Melissa Schweisguth</name><name sortKey="Sin, Emily" sort="Sin, Emily" uniqKey="Sin E" first="Emily" last="Sin">Emily Sin</name><name sortKey="Snider, Sara" sort="Snider, Sara" uniqKey="Snider S" first="Sara" last="Snider">Sara Snider</name><name sortKey="Tomich, Thomas P" sort="Tomich, Thomas P" uniqKey="Tomich T" first="Thomas P." last="Tomich">Thomas P. Tomich</name><name sortKey="Vidic, Natasa" sort="Vidic, Natasa" uniqKey="Vidic N" first="Nataša" last="Vidic">Nataša Vidic</name><name sortKey="White, Aubrey" sort="White, Aubrey" uniqKey="White A" first="Aubrey" last="White">Aubrey White</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Agronomie/explor/SisAgriV1/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000038 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000038 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Agronomie
|area= SisAgriV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Checkpoint
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4465747
|texte= Sustainable Sourcing of Global Agricultural Raw Materials: Assessing Gaps in Key Impact and Vulnerability Issues and Indicators
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:26065899" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SisAgriV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.28. |  |