The Role of Race and Poverty in Access to Foods That Enable Individuals to Adhere to Dietary Guidelines
Identifieur interne : 000160 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000159; suivant : 000161The Role of Race and Poverty in Access to Foods That Enable Individuals to Adhere to Dietary Guidelines
Auteurs : Elizabeth A. Baker ; Mario Schootman ; Ellen Barnidge ; Cheryl KellySource :
- Preventing Chronic Disease [ 1545-1151 ] ; 2006.
Abstract
The increase in obesity and disparities in obesity and related chronic diseases across racial and ethnic and income groups have led researchers to focus on the social and environmental factors that influence dietary intake. The question guiding the current study was whether all communities have equal access to foods that enable individuals to make healthy dietary choices.
We conducted audits of community supermarkets and fast food restaurants to assess location and availability of food choices that enable individuals to meet the dietary guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (e.g., fruit and vegetable consumption, low-fat options). We used 2000 census data to assess the racial distribution and the percentage of individuals living below the federal poverty level in a defined area of St Louis, Mo. Spatial clustering of supermarkets and fast food restaurants was determined using a spatial scan statistic.
The spatial distribution of fast food restaurants and supermarkets that provide options for meeting recommended dietary intake differed according to racial distribution and poverty rates. Mixed-race or white high-poverty areas and all African American areas (regardless of income) were less likely than predominantly white higher-income communities to have access to foods that enable individuals to make healthy choices.
Without access to healthy food choices, individuals cannot make positive changes to their diets. If certain eating behaviors are required to reduce chronic disease and promote health, then some communities will continue to have disparities in critical health outcomes unless we increase access to healthy food.
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PubMed: 16776877
PubMed Central: 1636719
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PMC:1636719Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Schootman, Mario" sort="Schootman, Mario" uniqKey="Schootman M" first="Mario" last="Schootman">Mario Schootman</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Barnidge, Ellen" sort="Barnidge, Ellen" uniqKey="Barnidge E" first="Ellen" last="Barnidge">Ellen Barnidge</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Kelly, Cheryl" sort="Kelly, Cheryl" uniqKey="Kelly C" first="Cheryl" last="Kelly">Cheryl Kelly</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec sec-type="intro"><title>Introduction</title>
<p>The increase in obesity and disparities in obesity and related chronic diseases across racial and ethnic and income groups have led researchers to focus on the social and environmental factors that influence dietary intake. The question guiding the current study was whether all communities have equal access to foods that enable individuals to make healthy dietary choices.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods"><title>Methods</title>
<p>We conducted audits of community supermarkets and fast food restaurants to assess location and availability of food choices that enable individuals to meet the dietary guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (e.g., fruit and vegetable consumption, low-fat options). We used 2000 census data to assess the racial distribution and the percentage of individuals living below the federal poverty level in a defined area of St Louis, Mo. Spatial clustering of supermarkets and fast food restaurants was determined using a spatial scan statistic.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="results"><title>Results</title>
<p>The spatial distribution of fast food restaurants and supermarkets that provide options for meeting recommended dietary intake differed according to racial distribution and poverty rates. Mixed-race or white high-poverty areas and all African American areas (regardless of income) were less likely than predominantly white higher-income communities to have access to foods that enable individuals to make healthy choices.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="conclusions"><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Without access to healthy food choices, individuals cannot make positive changes to their diets. If certain eating behaviors are required to reduce chronic disease and promote health, then some communities will continue to have disparities in critical health outcomes unless we increase access to healthy food.</p>
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