Using a geographic information system to identify areas with potential for off-target pesticide exposure.
Identifieur interne : 000166 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000165; suivant : 000167Using a geographic information system to identify areas with potential for off-target pesticide exposure.
Auteurs : Thomas G. Pfleeger ; David Olszyk ; Connie A. Burdick ; George King ; Jeffrey Kern ; John FletcherSource :
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry [ 0730-7268 ] ; 2006.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , toxicity : Environmental Pollutants, Pesticides.
- Geographic Information Systems.
Abstract
In many countries, numerous tests are required as part of the risk assessment process before chemical registration to protect human health and the environment from unintended effects of chemical releases. Most of these tests are not based on ecological or environmental relevance but, rather, on consistent performance in the laboratory. A conceptual approach based on Geographic Information System (GIS) technology has been developed to identify areas that are vulnerable to nontarget chemical exposure. This GIS-based approach uses wind speed, frequency of those winds, pesticide application rates, and spatial location of agricultural crops to identify areas with the highest potential for pesticide exposure. A test scenario based on an incident in Idaho (USA) was used to identify the relative magnitude of risk from off-target movement of herbicides to plants in the conterminous United States. This analysis indicated that the western portion of the Corn Belt, the central California valley, southeastern Washington, the Willamette Valley of Oregon, and agricultural areas bordering the Great Lakes are among those areas in the United States that appear to have the greatest potential for off-target movement of herbicides via drift. Agricultural areas, such as the Mississippi River Valley and the southeastern United States, appears to have less potential, possibly due to lower average wind speeds. Ecological risk assessments developed for pesticide registration would be improved by using response data from species common to high-risk areas instead of extrapolating test data from species unrelated to those areas with the highest potential for exposure.
PubMed: 16916045
Affiliations:
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pubmed:16916045Le document en format XML
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Burdick</name></author><author><name sortKey="King, George" sort="King, George" uniqKey="King G" first="George" last="King">George King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kern, Jeffrey" sort="Kern, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Kern J" first="Jeffrey" last="Kern">Jeffrey Kern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fletcher, John" sort="Fletcher, John" uniqKey="Fletcher J" first="John" last="Fletcher">John Fletcher</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2006">2006</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:16916045</idno><idno type="pmid">16916045</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000166</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000166</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000166</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Using a geographic information system to identify areas with potential for off-target pesticide exposure.</title><author><name sortKey="Pfleeger, Thomas G" sort="Pfleeger, Thomas G" uniqKey="Pfleeger T" first="Thomas G" last="Pfleeger">Thomas G. Pfleeger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Western Ecology Division, 200 Southwest 35th Street, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA pfleeger.thomas@epa.gov</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">USA pfleeger.thomas@epa.gov</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olszyk, David" sort="Olszyk, David" uniqKey="Olszyk D" first="David" last="Olszyk">David Olszyk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burdick, Connie A" sort="Burdick, Connie A" uniqKey="Burdick C" first="Connie A" last="Burdick">Connie A. Burdick</name></author><author><name sortKey="King, George" sort="King, George" uniqKey="King G" first="George" last="King">George King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kern, Jeffrey" sort="Kern, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Kern J" first="Jeffrey" last="Kern">Jeffrey Kern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fletcher, John" sort="Fletcher, John" uniqKey="Fletcher J" first="John" last="Fletcher">John Fletcher</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Environmental toxicology and chemistry</title><idno type="ISSN">0730-7268</idno><imprint><date when="2006" type="published">2006</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Environmental Pollutants (toxicity)</term><term>Geographic Information Systems</term><term>Pesticides (toxicity)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="toxicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Environmental Pollutants</term><term>Pesticides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Geographic Information Systems</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In many countries, numerous tests are required as part of the risk assessment process before chemical registration to protect human health and the environment from unintended effects of chemical releases. Most of these tests are not based on ecological or environmental relevance but, rather, on consistent performance in the laboratory. A conceptual approach based on Geographic Information System (GIS) technology has been developed to identify areas that are vulnerable to nontarget chemical exposure. This GIS-based approach uses wind speed, frequency of those winds, pesticide application rates, and spatial location of agricultural crops to identify areas with the highest potential for pesticide exposure. A test scenario based on an incident in Idaho (USA) was used to identify the relative magnitude of risk from off-target movement of herbicides to plants in the conterminous United States. This analysis indicated that the western portion of the Corn Belt, the central California valley, southeastern Washington, the Willamette Valley of Oregon, and agricultural areas bordering the Great Lakes are among those areas in the United States that appear to have the greatest potential for off-target movement of herbicides via drift. Agricultural areas, such as the Mississippi River Valley and the southeastern United States, appears to have less potential, possibly due to lower average wind speeds. Ecological risk assessments developed for pesticide registration would be improved by using response data from species common to high-risk areas instead of extrapolating test data from species unrelated to those areas with the highest potential for exposure.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Burdick, Connie A" sort="Burdick, Connie A" uniqKey="Burdick C" first="Connie A" last="Burdick">Connie A. Burdick</name><name sortKey="Fletcher, John" sort="Fletcher, John" uniqKey="Fletcher J" first="John" last="Fletcher">John Fletcher</name><name sortKey="Kern, Jeffrey" sort="Kern, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Kern J" first="Jeffrey" last="Kern">Jeffrey Kern</name><name sortKey="King, George" sort="King, George" uniqKey="King G" first="George" last="King">George King</name><name sortKey="Olszyk, David" sort="Olszyk, David" uniqKey="Olszyk D" first="David" last="Olszyk">David Olszyk</name><name sortKey="Pfleeger, Thomas G" sort="Pfleeger, Thomas G" uniqKey="Pfleeger T" first="Thomas G" last="Pfleeger">Thomas G. Pfleeger</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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