Developing a New Wireless Sensor Network Platform and Its Application in Precision Agriculture
Identifieur interne : 000516 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 000515; suivant : 000517Developing a New Wireless Sensor Network Platform and Its Application in Precision Agriculture
Auteurs : Raúl Aquino-Santos ; Apolinar González-Potes ; Arthur Edwards-Block ; Raúl Alejandro Virgen-OrtizSource :
- Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) [ 1424-8220 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Wireless sensor networks are gaining greater attention from the research community and industrial professionals because these small pieces of “smart dust” offer great advantages due to their small size, low power consumption, easy integration and support for “green” applications. Green applications are considered a hot topic in intelligent environments, ubiquitous and pervasive computing. This work evaluates a new wireless sensor network platform and its application in precision agriculture, including its embedded operating system and its routing algorithm. To validate the technological platform and the embedded operating system, two different routing strategies were compared: hierarchical and flat. Both of these routing algorithms were tested in a small-scale network applied to a watermelon field. However, we strongly believe that this technological platform can be also applied to precision agriculture because it incorporates a modified version of LORA-CBF, a wireless location-based routing algorithm that uses cluster-based flooding. Cluster-based flooding addresses the scalability concerns of wireless sensor networks, while the modified LORA-CBF routing algorithm includes a metric to monitor residual battery energy. Furthermore, results show that the modified version of LORA-CBF functions well with both the flat and hierarchical algorithms, although it functions better with the flat algorithm in a small-scale agricultural network.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/s110101192
PubMed: 22346622
PubMed Central: 3274096
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P. 28040, Colima, Col., Mexico; E-Mail:<email>arted@ucol.mx</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Potes, Apolinar" sort="Gonzalez Potes, Apolinar" uniqKey="Gonzalez Potes A" first="Apolinar" last="González-Potes">Apolinar González-Potes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-sensors-11-01192"> Faculty of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Colima, Coquimatlán-Colima, Km.2, Coquimatlán, Col., Mexico; E-Mail:<email>apogon@ucol.mx</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards Block, Arthur" sort="Edwards Block, Arthur" uniqKey="Edwards Block A" first="Arthur" last="Edwards-Block">Arthur Edwards-Block</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-sensors-11-01192"> Faculty of Telematics, University of Colima, Av. University 333, C. 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University 333, C. P. 28040, Colima, Col., Mexico; E-Mail:<email>arted@ucol.mx</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Potes, Apolinar" sort="Gonzalez Potes, Apolinar" uniqKey="Gonzalez Potes A" first="Apolinar" last="González-Potes">Apolinar González-Potes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-sensors-11-01192"> Faculty of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Colima, Coquimatlán-Colima, Km.2, Coquimatlán, Col., Mexico; E-Mail:<email>apogon@ucol.mx</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards Block, Arthur" sort="Edwards Block, Arthur" uniqKey="Edwards Block A" first="Arthur" last="Edwards-Block">Arthur Edwards-Block</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-sensors-11-01192"> Faculty of Telematics, University of Colima, Av. University 333, C. P. 28040, Colima, Col., Mexico; E-Mail:<email>arted@ucol.mx</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Virgen Ortiz, Raul Alejandro" sort="Virgen Ortiz, Raul Alejandro" uniqKey="Virgen Ortiz R" first="Raúl Alejandro" last="Virgen-Ortiz">Raúl Alejandro Virgen-Ortiz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-sensors-11-01192"> SITELDI Solutions., Canarios 111, C. P. 28017, Colima, Col., Mexico; E-Mail:<email>raul.virgen@siteldisolutions.com</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</title><idno type="eISSN">1424-8220</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Wireless sensor networks are gaining greater attention from the research community and industrial professionals because these small pieces of “smart dust” offer great advantages due to their small size, low power consumption, easy integration and support for “green” applications. Green applications are considered a hot topic in intelligent environments, ubiquitous and pervasive computing. This work evaluates a new wireless sensor network platform and its application in precision agriculture, including its embedded operating system and its routing algorithm. To validate the technological platform and the embedded operating system, two different routing strategies were compared: hierarchical and flat. Both of these routing algorithms were tested in a small-scale network applied to a watermelon field. However, we strongly believe that this technological platform can be also applied to precision agriculture because it incorporates a modified version of LORA-CBF, a wireless location-based routing algorithm that uses cluster-based flooding. Cluster-based flooding addresses the scalability concerns of wireless sensor networks, while the modified LORA-CBF routing algorithm includes a metric to monitor residual battery energy. Furthermore, results show that the modified version of LORA-CBF functions well with both the flat and hierarchical algorithms, although it functions better with the flat algorithm in a small-scale agricultural network.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Delgado, H L" uniqKey="Delgado H">H.L. Delgado</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palma, P" uniqKey="Palma P">P. Palma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palmieri, M" uniqKey="Palmieri M">M. Palmieri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ramirez, M" uniqKey="Ramirez M">M. Ramírez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marco, A" uniqKey="Marco A">A. Marco</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Polan, L" uniqKey="Polan L">L. Polan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stephan, O" uniqKey="Stephan O">O. 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