Vulnerability of water resources, vegetation productivity and soil erosion to climate change in Mediterranean watersheds
Identifieur interne : 000F58 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 000F57; suivant : 000F59Vulnerability of water resources, vegetation productivity and soil erosion to climate change in Mediterranean watersheds
Auteurs : João Pedro Nunes [Portugal] ; Júlia Seixas ; Nuno Ricardo PachecoSource :
- Hydrological Processes [ 0885-6087 ] ; 2008-07-30.
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Abstract
Climate change is expected to increase temperatures and lower rainfall in Mediterranean regions; however, there is a great degree of uncertainty as to the amount of change. This limits the prediction capacity of models to quantify impacts on water resources, vegetation productivity and erosion. This work circumvents this problem by analysing the sensitivity of these variables to varying degrees of temperature change (increased by up to 6·4 °C), rainfall (reduced by up to 40%) and atmospheric CO2 concentrations (increased by up to 100%). The SWAT watershed model was applied to 18 large watersheds in two contrasting regions of Portugal, one humid and one semi‐arid; incremental changes to climate variables were simulated using a stochastic weather generator. The main results indicate that water runoff, particularly subsurface runoff, is highly sensitive to these climate change trends (down by 80%). The biomass growth of most species showed a declining trend (wheat down by 40%), due to the negative impacts of increasing temperatures, dampened by higher CO2 concentrations. Mediterranean species, however, showed a positive response to milder degrees of climate change. Changes to erosion depended on the interactions between the decline in surface runoff (driving erosion rates downward) and biomass growth (driving erosion rates upward). For the milder rainfall changes, soil erosion showed a significant increasing trend in wheat fields (up to 150% in the humid watersheds), well above the recovery capacity of the soil. Overall, the results indicate a shift of the humid watersheds to acquire semi‐arid characteristics, such as more irregular river flows and increasingly marginal conditions for agricultural production. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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DOI: 10.1002/hyp.6897
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Júlia Seixas<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Vulnerability of water resources, vegetation productivity and soil erosion to climate change in Mediterranean watersheds</title><author><name sortKey="Nunes, Joao Pedro" sort="Nunes, Joao Pedro" uniqKey="Nunes J" first="João Pedro" last="Nunes">João Pedro Nunes</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, FCT, Qta. da Torre, 2829‐516 Caparica, Portugal.===</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, FCT, Qta. da Torre, 2829‐516 Caparica</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seixas, Julia" sort="Seixas, Julia" uniqKey="Seixas J" first="Júlia" last="Seixas">Júlia Seixas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pacheco, Nuno Ricardo" sort="Pacheco, Nuno Ricardo" uniqKey="Pacheco N" first="Nuno Ricardo" last="Pacheco">Nuno Ricardo Pacheco</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:1141E01CFB541F01EAC43C0D874822092B204F2C</idno><date when="2008" year="2008">2008</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/hyp.6897</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/1141E01CFB541F01EAC43C0D874822092B204F2C/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001023</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001023</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">000F58</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Vulnerability of water resources, vegetation productivity and soil erosion to climate change in Mediterranean watersheds</title><author><name sortKey="Nunes, Joao Pedro" sort="Nunes, Joao Pedro" uniqKey="Nunes J" first="João Pedro" last="Nunes">João Pedro Nunes</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, FCT, Qta. da Torre, 2829‐516 Caparica, Portugal.===</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, FCT, Qta. da Torre, 2829‐516 Caparica</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seixas, Julia" sort="Seixas, Julia" uniqKey="Seixas J" first="Júlia" last="Seixas">Júlia Seixas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pacheco, Nuno Ricardo" sort="Pacheco, Nuno Ricardo" uniqKey="Pacheco N" first="Nuno Ricardo" last="Pacheco">Nuno Ricardo Pacheco</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Ecological Modelling, New University of Lisbon</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Lisbon</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Hydrological Processes</title><title level="j" type="sub">An International Journal</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Hydrol. Process.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-6087</idno><idno type="eISSN">1099-1085</idno><imprint><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</publisher><pubPlace>Chichester, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-07-30">2008-07-30</date><biblScope unit="volume">22</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">16</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="3115">3115</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="3134">3134</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-6087</idno></series><idno type="istex">1141E01CFB541F01EAC43C0D874822092B204F2C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/hyp.6897</idno><idno type="ArticleID">HYP6897</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-6087</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Mediterranean climate</term><term>climate change</term><term>hydrology</term><term>modelling</term><term>soil erosion</term><term>vegetation biomass productivity</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Climate change is expected to increase temperatures and lower rainfall in Mediterranean regions; however, there is a great degree of uncertainty as to the amount of change. This limits the prediction capacity of models to quantify impacts on water resources, vegetation productivity and erosion. This work circumvents this problem by analysing the sensitivity of these variables to varying degrees of temperature change (increased by up to 6·4 °C), rainfall (reduced by up to 40%) and atmospheric CO2 concentrations (increased by up to 100%). The SWAT watershed model was applied to 18 large watersheds in two contrasting regions of Portugal, one humid and one semi‐arid; incremental changes to climate variables were simulated using a stochastic weather generator. The main results indicate that water runoff, particularly subsurface runoff, is highly sensitive to these climate change trends (down by 80%). The biomass growth of most species showed a declining trend (wheat down by 40%), due to the negative impacts of increasing temperatures, dampened by higher CO2 concentrations. Mediterranean species, however, showed a positive response to milder degrees of climate change. Changes to erosion depended on the interactions between the decline in surface runoff (driving erosion rates downward) and biomass growth (driving erosion rates upward). For the milder rainfall changes, soil erosion showed a significant increasing trend in wheat fields (up to 150% in the humid watersheds), well above the recovery capacity of the soil. Overall, the results indicate a shift of the humid watersheds to acquire semi‐arid characteristics, such as more irregular river flows and increasingly marginal conditions for agricultural production. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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