RESERVOIR SILTATION AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA: A FIRST ASSESSMENT
Identifieur interne : 001212 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001211; suivant : 001213RESERVOIR SILTATION AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA: A FIRST ASSESSMENT
Auteurs : J. Baade ; S. Franz ; A. ReichelSource :
- Land Degradation & Development [ 1085-3278 ] ; 2012-11.
Abstract
Human‐induced soil erosion is a widespread phenomenon in South Africa, and soil erosion rates reported are among the highest in the world. In addition to human disturbance, unfavourable environmental conditions are mentioned to explain the situation. But data on ‘natural’ erosion from undisturbed sites are rare. This paper presents the first assessment of sediment yield as an integrate measure of erosion, deposition and sediment transport from five catchments located entirely within Kruger National Park (KNP). KNP has been spared from agricultural development for a century and represents a near to natural geo‐ecosystem in the semi‐arid savanna biome. Sediment yield estimates are based on a survey of post‐dam deposits in five reservoirs located in the south‐eastern part of KNP. Reservoir lifetime ranges from 40 to 60 years and the size of the catchments from 8 to 100 km2. The results show distinct relations of long‐term average sediment yield (SY) and area‐specific sediment yield (SSY) with catchment size. Despite the unfavourable semi‐arid environmental conditions, SY is comparatively low. SY varies from 130 ± 45 t y−1 for the 8 km2 catchment to 1130 ± 230 t y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. SSY is 55 ± 15 t km−2 y−1 for catchments of 12 ± 3 km2 and 11 ± 2·4 t km−2 y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. The latter finding suggests that decrease of SSY with increasing catchment size is not attributable to human disturbance only. However, further research is necessary to improve and enlarge the database and to verify first results and hypothetical conclusions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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DOI: 10.1002/ldr.2173
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ISTEX:C001603A0CC855E0CCE9E0285540428CC099C925Le document en format XML
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Baade</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>J. Baade, Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743 Jena, Germany.E‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: cub@uni‐jena.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franz, S" sort="Franz, S" uniqKey="Franz S" first="S." last="Franz">S. Franz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichel, A" sort="Reichel, A" uniqKey="Reichel A" first="A." last="Reichel">A. Reichel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Land Degradation & Development</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Land Degrad. Develop.</title><idno type="ISSN">1085-3278</idno><idno type="eISSN">1099-145X</idno><imprint><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Chichester, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-11">2012-11</date><biblScope unit="volume">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="586">586</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="600">600</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1085-3278</idno></series><idno type="istex">C001603A0CC855E0CCE9E0285540428CC099C925</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/ldr.2173</idno><idno type="ArticleID">LDR2173</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1085-3278</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Human‐induced soil erosion is a widespread phenomenon in South Africa, and soil erosion rates reported are among the highest in the world. In addition to human disturbance, unfavourable environmental conditions are mentioned to explain the situation. But data on ‘natural’ erosion from undisturbed sites are rare. This paper presents the first assessment of sediment yield as an integrate measure of erosion, deposition and sediment transport from five catchments located entirely within Kruger National Park (KNP). KNP has been spared from agricultural development for a century and represents a near to natural geo‐ecosystem in the semi‐arid savanna biome. Sediment yield estimates are based on a survey of post‐dam deposits in five reservoirs located in the south‐eastern part of KNP. Reservoir lifetime ranges from 40 to 60 years and the size of the catchments from 8 to 100 km2. The results show distinct relations of long‐term average sediment yield (SY) and area‐specific sediment yield (SSY) with catchment size. Despite the unfavourable semi‐arid environmental conditions, SY is comparatively low. SY varies from 130 ± 45 t y−1 for the 8 km2 catchment to 1130 ± 230 t y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. SSY is 55 ± 15 t km−2 y−1 for catchments of 12 ± 3 km2 and 11 ± 2·4 t km−2 y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. The latter finding suggests that decrease of SSY with increasing catchment size is not attributable to human disturbance only. However, further research is necessary to improve and enlarge the database and to verify first results and hypothetical conclusions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>J. Baade</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</json:string><json:string>J. Baade, Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743 Jena, Germany.E‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: cub@uni‐jena.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. 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In addition to human disturbance, unfavourable environmental conditions are mentioned to explain the situation. But data on ‘natural’ erosion from undisturbed sites are rare. This paper presents the first assessment of sediment yield as an integrate measure of erosion, deposition and sediment transport from five catchments located entirely within Kruger National Park (KNP). KNP has been spared from agricultural development for a century and represents a near to natural geo‐ecosystem in the semi‐arid savanna biome. Sediment yield estimates are based on a survey of post‐dam deposits in five reservoirs located in the south‐eastern part of KNP. Reservoir lifetime ranges from 40 to 60 years and the size of the catchments from 8 to 100 km2. The results show distinct relations of long‐term average sediment yield (SY) and area‐specific sediment yield (SSY) with catchment size. Despite the unfavourable semi‐arid environmental conditions, SY is comparatively low. SY varies from 130 ± 45 t y−1 for the 8 km2 catchment to 1130 ± 230 t y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. SSY is 55 ± 15 t km−2 y−1 for catchments of 12 ± 3 km2 and 11 ± 2·4 t km−2 y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. The latter finding suggests that decrease of SSY with increasing catchment size is not attributable to human disturbance only. However, further research is necessary to improve and enlarge the database and to verify first results and hypothetical conclusions. 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I.</forename><surname>Meiklejohn</surname></persName></editor><editor><persName><forename type="first">I. D. L.</forename><surname>Foster</surname></persName></editor><imprint><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Chichester, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-11"></date><biblScope unit="volume">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="586">586</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="600">600</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">C001603A0CC855E0CCE9E0285540428CC099C925</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/ldr.2173</idno><idno type="ArticleID">LDR2173</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2012-05-24</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Human‐induced soil erosion is a widespread phenomenon in South Africa, and soil erosion rates reported are among the highest in the world. In addition to human disturbance, unfavourable environmental conditions are mentioned to explain the situation. But data on ‘natural’ erosion from undisturbed sites are rare. This paper presents the first assessment of sediment yield as an integrate measure of erosion, deposition and sediment transport from five catchments located entirely within Kruger National Park (KNP). KNP has been spared from agricultural development for a century and represents a near to natural geo‐ecosystem in the semi‐arid savanna biome. Sediment yield estimates are based on a survey of post‐dam deposits in five reservoirs located in the south‐eastern part of KNP. Reservoir lifetime ranges from 40 to 60 years and the size of the catchments from 8 to 100 km2. The results show distinct relations of long‐term average sediment yield (SY) and area‐specific sediment yield (SSY) with catchment size. Despite the unfavourable semi‐arid environmental conditions, SY is comparatively low. SY varies from 130 ± 45 t y−1 for the 8 km2 catchment to 1130 ± 230 t y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. SSY is 55 ± 15 t km−2 y−1 for catchments of 12 ± 3 km2 and 11 ± 2·4 t km−2 y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. The latter finding suggests that decrease of SSY with increasing catchment size is not attributable to human disturbance only. However, further research is necessary to improve and enlarge the database and to verify first results and hypothetical conclusions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>soil erosion</term></item><item><term>sediment yield</term></item><item><term>reservoir siltation</term></item><item><term>savanna biome</term></item><item><term>Kruger National Park</term></item><item><term>South Africa</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Special Issue Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2011-01-09">Received</change><change when="2012-05-14">Registration</change><change when="2012-05-24">Created</change><change when="2012-11">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C001603A0CC855E0CCE9E0285540428CC099C925/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="ldr2173"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Chichester, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi>10.1002/(ISSN)1099-145X</doi><issn type="print">1085-3278</issn><issn type="electronic">1099-145X</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="LDR"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="LAND DEGRADATION AND DEVELOPMENT">Land Degradation & Development</title><title type="short">Land Degrad. 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Baade, Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743 Jena, Germany.</line><line>E‐mail: <email normalForm="cub@uni-jena.de">cub@uni‐jena.de</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:LDR.LDR2173.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">RESERVOIR SILTATION AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA: A FIRST ASSESSMENT</title><title type="short">SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA</title><title type="shortAuthors">J. BAADE <i>ET AL.</i></title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="ldr2173-cr-0001" affiliationRef="#ldr2173-aff-0001" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames><familyName>Baade</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email normalForm="cub@uni-jena.de">cub@uni‐jena.de</email></contactDetails></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="ldr2173-cr-0002" affiliationRef="#ldr2173-aff-0001"><personName><givenNames>S.</givenNames><familyName>Franz</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="ldr2173-cr-0003" affiliationRef="#ldr2173-aff-0001"><personName><givenNames>A.</givenNames><familyName>Reichel</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ldr2173-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Department of Geography</orgDiv><orgName>Friedrich‐Schiller‐University</orgName><address><countryPart>D‐07743</countryPart><city>Jena</city><country>Germany</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="ldr2173-kwd-0001">soil erosion</keyword><keyword xml:id="ldr2173-kwd-0002">sediment yield</keyword><keyword xml:id="ldr2173-kwd-0003">reservoir siltation</keyword><keyword xml:id="ldr2173-kwd-0004">savanna biome</keyword><keyword xml:id="ldr2173-kwd-0005">Kruger National Park</keyword><keyword xml:id="ldr2173-kwd-0006">South Africa</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><title type="main">ABSTRACT</title><p>Human‐induced soil erosion is a widespread phenomenon in South Africa, and soil erosion rates reported are among the highest in the world. In addition to human disturbance, unfavourable environmental conditions are mentioned to explain the situation. But data on ‘natural’ erosion from undisturbed sites are rare. This paper presents the first assessment of sediment yield as an integrate measure of erosion, deposition and sediment transport from five catchments located entirely within Kruger National Park (KNP). KNP has been spared from agricultural development for a century and represents a near to natural geo‐ecosystem in the semi‐arid savanna biome. Sediment yield estimates are based on a survey of post‐dam deposits in five reservoirs located in the south‐eastern part of KNP. Reservoir lifetime ranges from 40 to 60 years and the size of the catchments from 8 to 100 km<sup>2</sup>. The results show distinct relations of long‐term average sediment yield (SY) and area‐specific sediment yield (SSY) with catchment size. Despite the unfavourable semi‐arid environmental conditions, SY is comparatively low. SY varies from 130 ± 45 t y<sup>−1</sup> for the 8 km<sup>2</sup> catchment to 1130 ± 230 t y<sup>−1</sup> for the 100 km<sup>2</sup> catchment. SSY is 55 ± 15 t km<sup>−2</sup> y<sup>−1</sup> for catchments of 12 ± 3 km<sup>2</sup> and 11 ± 2·4 t km<sup>−2</sup> y<sup>−1</sup> for the 100 km<sup>2</sup> catchment. The latter finding suggests that decrease of SSY with increasing catchment size is not attributable to human disturbance only. However, further research is necessary to improve and enlarge the database and to verify first results and hypothetical conclusions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>RESERVOIR SILTATION AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA: A FIRST ASSESSMENT</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>RESERVOIR SILTATION AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA: A FIRST ASSESSMENT</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Baade</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>J. Baade, Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743 Jena, Germany.E‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: cub@uni‐jena.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Franz</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Reichel</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geography, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University, D‐07743, Jena, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Chichester, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-11</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2012-05-24</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2011-01-09</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2012-05-14</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>Human‐induced soil erosion is a widespread phenomenon in South Africa, and soil erosion rates reported are among the highest in the world. In addition to human disturbance, unfavourable environmental conditions are mentioned to explain the situation. But data on ‘natural’ erosion from undisturbed sites are rare. This paper presents the first assessment of sediment yield as an integrate measure of erosion, deposition and sediment transport from five catchments located entirely within Kruger National Park (KNP). KNP has been spared from agricultural development for a century and represents a near to natural geo‐ecosystem in the semi‐arid savanna biome. Sediment yield estimates are based on a survey of post‐dam deposits in five reservoirs located in the south‐eastern part of KNP. Reservoir lifetime ranges from 40 to 60 years and the size of the catchments from 8 to 100 km2. The results show distinct relations of long‐term average sediment yield (SY) and area‐specific sediment yield (SSY) with catchment size. Despite the unfavourable semi‐arid environmental conditions, SY is comparatively low. SY varies from 130 ± 45 t y−1 for the 8 km2 catchment to 1130 ± 230 t y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. SSY is 55 ± 15 t km−2 y−1 for catchments of 12 ± 3 km2 and 11 ± 2·4 t km−2 y−1 for the 100 km2 catchment. The latter finding suggests that decrease of SSY with increasing catchment size is not attributable to human disturbance only. However, further research is necessary to improve and enlarge the database and to verify first results and hypothetical conclusions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>soil erosion</topic><topic>sediment yield</topic><topic>reservoir siltation</topic><topic>savanna biome</topic><topic>Kruger National Park</topic><topic>South Africa</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Land Degradation & Development</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Land Degrad. Develop.</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K. M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Rowntree</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K. I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Meiklejohn</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I. D. L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Foster</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Special Issue Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1085-3278</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1099-145X</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1099-145X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">LDR</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="title"><title>Landscape denudation or land degradation? Interrogating the geomorphic processes of landscape change in southern Africa</title></detail><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>23</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>6</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>586</start><end>600</end><total>15</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">C001603A0CC855E0CCE9E0285540428CC099C925</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/ldr.2173</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">LDR2173</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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