Energy hierarchy and urban landscape system
Identifieur interne : 001061 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001060; suivant : 001062Energy hierarchy and urban landscape system
Auteurs : Shu-Li Huang ; Hsiao-Yin Lai ; Chia-Lun LeeSource :
- Landscape and Urban Planning [ 0169-2046 ] ; 2001.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
The study of ecosystems suggests principles by which the flow of energy generates hierarchies in all systems. From viewpoint of ecological energetics, urban system lies on the highest level of ecosystem hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of energy flows on the hierarchies and spatial organization of urban zonation. This research uses Taipei metropolitan region as the area for the case study. “Emergy” is used as the principal conceptual tool for energy analysis; “transformity” is used to measure the hierarchies of land uses and urban landscape systems. Based on the calculation of the spatial distribution of energy flows, using GIS, the empower density and transformity increase from rural to urban center. In order to delineate zones of different energetics, the 1178 administrative districts of the Taipei metropolitan region are used as units for multivariate classification, in which 19 variables of energy flows are condensed into four factors. The factor scores of each districts are then used as input for cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. The implication of energetic characteristics to planning practice is also discussed to conclude this research.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00150-X
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From viewpoint of ecological energetics, urban system lies on the highest level of ecosystem hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of energy flows on the hierarchies and spatial organization of urban zonation. This research uses Taipei metropolitan region as the area for the case study. “Emergy” is used as the principal conceptual tool for energy analysis; “transformity” is used to measure the hierarchies of land uses and urban landscape systems. Based on the calculation of the spatial distribution of energy flows, using GIS, the empower density and transformity increase from rural to urban center. In order to delineate zones of different energetics, the 1178 administrative districts of the Taipei metropolitan region are used as units for multivariate classification, in which 19 variables of energy flows are condensed into four factors. The factor scores of each districts are then used as input for cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. The implication of energetic characteristics to planning practice is also discussed to conclude this research.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Shu-Li Huang</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: shuli@mail.ntpu.edu.tw</json:string><json:string>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Taipei University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hsiao-Yin Lai</name><affiliations><json:string>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Chia-Lun Lee</name><affiliations><json:string>Graduate Institute of Natural Resource Management, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Emergy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Energy hierarchy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Multivariate analysis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Taipei metropolitan region</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Transformity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Urban ecosystems</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Urban zonation</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The study of ecosystems suggests principles by which the flow of energy generates hierarchies in all systems. 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As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. 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Tel.: +886-2-2505-4954; fax: +886-2-2505-4954</p></note><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Taipei University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Hsiao-Yin</forename><surname>Lai</surname></persName><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Chia-Lun</forename><surname>Lee</surname></persName><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Natural Resource Management, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Landscape and Urban Planning</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">LAND</title><idno type="pISSN">0169-2046</idno><idno type="PII">S0169-2046(00)X0052-7</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">53</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="145">145</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="161">161</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">988A776E3CE4FE77D48D066F6E0B2B9F6EDD2DBC</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00150-X</idno><idno type="PII">S0169-2046(00)00150-X</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of ecosystems suggests principles by which the flow of energy generates hierarchies in all systems. From viewpoint of ecological energetics, urban system lies on the highest level of ecosystem hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of energy flows on the hierarchies and spatial organization of urban zonation. This research uses Taipei metropolitan region as the area for the case study. “Emergy” is used as the principal conceptual tool for energy analysis; “transformity” is used to measure the hierarchies of land uses and urban landscape systems. Based on the calculation of the spatial distribution of energy flows, using GIS, the empower density and transformity increase from rural to urban center. In order to delineate zones of different energetics, the 1178 administrative districts of the Taipei metropolitan region are used as units for multivariate classification, in which 19 variables of energy flows are condensed into four factors. The factor scores of each districts are then used as input for cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. The implication of energetic characteristics to planning practice is also discussed to conclude this research.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Emergy</term></item><item><term>Energy hierarchy</term></item><item><term>Multivariate analysis</term></item><item><term>Taipei metropolitan region</term></item><item><term>Transformity</term></item><item><term>Urban ecosystems</term></item><item><term>Urban zonation</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/988A776E3CE4FE77D48D066F6E0B2B9F6EDD2DBC/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>LAND</jid><aid>772</aid><ce:pii>S0169-2046(00)00150-X</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00150-X</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="2001"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Energy hierarchy and urban landscape system</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author biographyid="VT1"><ce:given-name>Shu-Li</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Huang</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>shuli@mail.ntpu.edu.tw</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author biographyid="VT2"><ce:given-name>Hsiao-Yin</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Lai</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author biographyid="VT3"><ce:given-name>Chia-Lun</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Lee</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Taipei University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Graduate Institute of Natural Resource Management, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +886-2-2505-4954; fax: +886-2-2505-4954</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="18" month="11" year="2000"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The study of ecosystems suggests principles by which the flow of energy generates hierarchies in all systems. From viewpoint of ecological energetics, urban system lies on the highest level of ecosystem hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of energy flows on the hierarchies and spatial organization of urban zonation. This research uses Taipei metropolitan region as the area for the case study. “Emergy” is used as the principal conceptual tool for energy analysis; “transformity” is used to measure the hierarchies of land uses and urban landscape systems. Based on the calculation of the spatial distribution of energy flows, using GIS, the empower density and transformity increase from rural to urban center. In order to delineate zones of different energetics, the 1178 administrative districts of the Taipei metropolitan region are used as units for multivariate classification, in which 19 variables of energy flows are condensed into four factors. The factor scores of each districts are then used as input for cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. The implication of energetic characteristics to planning practice is also discussed to conclude this research.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword" xml:lang="en"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Emergy</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Energy hierarchy</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Multivariate analysis</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Taipei metropolitan region</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Transformity</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Urban ecosystems</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Urban zonation</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Energy hierarchy and urban landscape system</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Energy hierarchy and urban landscape system</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Shu-Li</namePart><namePart type="family">Huang</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: shuli@mail.ntpu.edu.tw</affiliation><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Taipei University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +886-2-2505-4954; fax: +886-2-2505-4954</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hsiao-Yin</namePart><namePart type="family">Lai</namePart><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Urban Planning, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chia-Lun</namePart><namePart type="family">Lee</namePart><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Natural Resource Management, National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei 10433, Taiwan, ROC</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The study of ecosystems suggests principles by which the flow of energy generates hierarchies in all systems. From viewpoint of ecological energetics, urban system lies on the highest level of ecosystem hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of energy flows on the hierarchies and spatial organization of urban zonation. This research uses Taipei metropolitan region as the area for the case study. “Emergy” is used as the principal conceptual tool for energy analysis; “transformity” is used to measure the hierarchies of land uses and urban landscape systems. Based on the calculation of the spatial distribution of energy flows, using GIS, the empower density and transformity increase from rural to urban center. In order to delineate zones of different energetics, the 1178 administrative districts of the Taipei metropolitan region are used as units for multivariate classification, in which 19 variables of energy flows are condensed into four factors. The factor scores of each districts are then used as input for cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. The implication of energetic characteristics to planning practice is also discussed to conclude this research.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Energy flows and urban hierarchy.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Urban energetics of Taipei.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Energy flows and transformity of Taipei metropolitan region.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Northwest–southeast transact of emergy flows and transformity of Taipei metropolitan region.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: A conceptual diagram representing emergy flows in Taipei metropolitan region.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Geographic distribution of urban energetic zones of Taipei metropolitan region.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Empower densities, turnover time, and transformity of each land use in Taipei metropolitan region</note><note type="content">Table 2: Related factor loading matrix in the 1178 districts of Taipei metropolitan region for urban energetic classificationa</note><note type="content">Table 3: Total sum of squares and overall mean square ratio for different partitions of 1178 administrative districts</note><note type="content">Table 4: Summary of emergy flows and emergy indices of six energy zone of Taipei metropolitan region</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Emergy</topic><topic>Energy hierarchy</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Taipei metropolitan region</topic><topic>Transformity</topic><topic>Urban ecosystems</topic><topic>Urban zonation</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Landscape and Urban Planning</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>LAND</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20010130</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0169-2046</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0169-2046(00)X0052-7</identifier><part><date>20010130</date><detail type="volume"><number>53</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1–4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>199</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>145</start><end>161</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">988A776E3CE4FE77D48D066F6E0B2B9F6EDD2DBC</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00150-X</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0169-2046(00)00150-X</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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