Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon
Identifieur interne : 000F72 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000F71; suivant : 000F73Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon
Auteurs : Jean Kotto-Same ; Paul L. Woomer ; Moukam Appolinaire ; Zapfack LouisSource :
- Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment [ 0167-8809 ] ; 1997.
Abstract
One of the environmental consequences of slash-and-burn farming is the loss of forest system carbon which in turn contributes to atmospheric change and impacts upon global climates. International attention has become focused upon the development of alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture to alleviate poverty, protect biodiversity and reduce climate change. Before alternative land use systems can be evaluated in terms of carbon sequestration, baseline measurements of carbon dynamics resulting from current practices are required. We have characterized the carbon stocks in six slash-and-burn chronosequences in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Each chronosequence consisted of original forest, two year-old cropland, a cacao plantation, bush fallow, tree fallow and secondary forest. Four, nine and seventeen years, respectively, had passed since the original forest was cleared for the latter three land uses. At each of 36 site × land use combinations, tree, understorey, litter, root and soil (0–50 cm) carbon were measured in five 100 m2 quadrates. The original forest contained 308 t C ha−1 and lost 220 t C ha−1 upon conversion to agriculture. The most vulnerable carbon pool was the above ground tree biomass and the most stable was soil organic matter. Carbon reaccumulated in the recovering fallows at a rate of 9.4 t C ha−1 yr−1 (r = 0.83). When these results were extrapolated using a geographic information system, deforestation rates in Southern Cameroon were estimated to be 1,355 km−2 yr−1 between 1973 and 1988 resulting in annual forest system carbon losses of 13.5 million t C. During the course of this study, three alternatives to slash-and-burn were identified: commercial cassava cultivation, improved forest conversion, and stratified agroforestry. These alternative land uses have the potential to reduce C losses over current practices by 10, 55 and 75 t C ha−1, respectively, and also differ greatly in their potential to alleviate rural poverty, protect biodiversity and deflect additional deforestation.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00060-1
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon</title><author><name sortKey="Kotto Same, Jean" sort="Kotto Same, Jean" uniqKey="Kotto Same J" first="Jean" last="Kotto-Same">Jean Kotto-Same</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woomer, Paul L" sort="Woomer, Paul L" uniqKey="Woomer P" first="Paul L." last="Woomer">Paul L. Woomer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Corresponding author. Tel.: +254-2-520328</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>1 The corresponding author was a Scientific Officer with The Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, UNESCO Nairobi Office, Nairobi, Kenya, while this research was conducted.</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: biofix@arcc.or.ke</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Appolinaire, Moukam" sort="Appolinaire, Moukam" uniqKey="Appolinaire M" first="Moukam" last="Appolinaire">Moukam Appolinaire</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Louis, Zapfack" sort="Louis, Zapfack" uniqKey="Louis Z" first="Zapfack" last="Louis">Zapfack Louis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Recherche Forestiere, Universite de Yaounde 1, BP 812, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:2067228910BFE4E39F3D75800AF8905E48026859</idno><date when="1997" year="1997">1997</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00060-1</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/2067228910BFE4E39F3D75800AF8905E48026859/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000F72</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000F72</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon</title><author><name sortKey="Kotto Same, Jean" sort="Kotto Same, Jean" uniqKey="Kotto Same J" first="Jean" last="Kotto-Same">Jean Kotto-Same</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woomer, Paul L" sort="Woomer, Paul L" uniqKey="Woomer P" first="Paul L." last="Woomer">Paul L. Woomer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Corresponding author. Tel.: +254-2-520328</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>1 The corresponding author was a Scientific Officer with The Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, UNESCO Nairobi Office, Nairobi, Kenya, while this research was conducted.</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: biofix@arcc.or.ke</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Appolinaire, Moukam" sort="Appolinaire, Moukam" uniqKey="Appolinaire M" first="Moukam" last="Appolinaire">Moukam Appolinaire</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Louis, Zapfack" sort="Louis, Zapfack" uniqKey="Louis Z" first="Zapfack" last="Louis">Zapfack Louis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Recherche Forestiere, Universite de Yaounde 1, BP 812, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">AGEE</title><idno type="ISSN">0167-8809</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1997">1997</date><biblScope unit="volume">65</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="245">245</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="256">256</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0167-8809</idno></series><idno type="istex">2067228910BFE4E39F3D75800AF8905E48026859</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00060-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0167-8809(97)00060-1</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0167-8809</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">One of the environmental consequences of slash-and-burn farming is the loss of forest system carbon which in turn contributes to atmospheric change and impacts upon global climates. International attention has become focused upon the development of alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture to alleviate poverty, protect biodiversity and reduce climate change. Before alternative land use systems can be evaluated in terms of carbon sequestration, baseline measurements of carbon dynamics resulting from current practices are required. We have characterized the carbon stocks in six slash-and-burn chronosequences in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Each chronosequence consisted of original forest, two year-old cropland, a cacao plantation, bush fallow, tree fallow and secondary forest. Four, nine and seventeen years, respectively, had passed since the original forest was cleared for the latter three land uses. At each of 36 site × land use combinations, tree, understorey, litter, root and soil (0–50 cm) carbon were measured in five 100 m2 quadrates. The original forest contained 308 t C ha−1 and lost 220 t C ha−1 upon conversion to agriculture. The most vulnerable carbon pool was the above ground tree biomass and the most stable was soil organic matter. Carbon reaccumulated in the recovering fallows at a rate of 9.4 t C ha−1 yr−1 (r = 0.83). When these results were extrapolated using a geographic information system, deforestation rates in Southern Cameroon were estimated to be 1,355 km−2 yr−1 between 1973 and 1988 resulting in annual forest system carbon losses of 13.5 million t C. During the course of this study, three alternatives to slash-and-burn were identified: commercial cassava cultivation, improved forest conversion, and stratified agroforestry. These alternative land uses have the potential to reduce C losses over current practices by 10, 55 and 75 t C ha−1, respectively, and also differ greatly in their potential to alleviate rural poverty, protect biodiversity and deflect additional deforestation.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Jean Kotto-Same</name><affiliations><json:string>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Paul L. Woomer</name><affiliations><json:string>Corresponding author. Tel.: +254-2-520328</json:string><json:string>Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya</json:string><json:string>1 The corresponding author was a Scientific Officer with The Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, UNESCO Nairobi Office, Nairobi, Kenya, while this research was conducted.</json:string><json:string>E-mail: biofix@arcc.or.ke</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Moukam Appolinaire</name><affiliations><json:string>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Zapfack Louis</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Recherche Forestiere, Universite de Yaounde 1, BP 812, Yaounde, Cameroon</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Slash-and-burn agriculture</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Forest margins</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Carbon sequestration</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Carbon dynamics</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Land use alternatives</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Cameroon</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>One of the environmental consequences of slash-and-burn farming is the loss of forest system carbon which in turn contributes to atmospheric change and impacts upon global climates. International attention has become focused upon the development of alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture to alleviate poverty, protect biodiversity and reduce climate change. Before alternative land use systems can be evaluated in terms of carbon sequestration, baseline measurements of carbon dynamics resulting from current practices are required. We have characterized the carbon stocks in six slash-and-burn chronosequences in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Each chronosequence consisted of original forest, two year-old cropland, a cacao plantation, bush fallow, tree fallow and secondary forest. Four, nine and seventeen years, respectively, had passed since the original forest was cleared for the latter three land uses. At each of 36 site × land use combinations, tree, understorey, litter, root and soil (0–50 cm) carbon were measured in five 100 m2 quadrates. The original forest contained 308 t C ha−1 and lost 220 t C ha−1 upon conversion to agriculture. The most vulnerable carbon pool was the above ground tree biomass and the most stable was soil organic matter. Carbon reaccumulated in the recovering fallows at a rate of 9.4 t C ha−1 yr−1 (r = 0.83). When these results were extrapolated using a geographic information system, deforestation rates in Southern Cameroon were estimated to be 1,355 km−2 yr−1 between 1973 and 1988 resulting in annual forest system carbon losses of 13.5 million t C. During the course of this study, three alternatives to slash-and-burn were identified: commercial cassava cultivation, improved forest conversion, and stratified agroforestry. These alternative land uses have the potential to reduce C losses over current practices by 10, 55 and 75 t C ha−1, respectively, and also differ greatly in their potential to alleviate rural poverty, protect biodiversity and deflect additional deforestation.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>540 x 756 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>6</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2040</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6604</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>41219</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>308</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon</title><pii><json:string>S0167-8809(97)00060-1</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><editor><json:item><name>C. 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Tel.: +254-2-520328</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya</affiliation><affiliation>1 The corresponding author was a Scientific Officer with The Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, UNESCO Nairobi Office, Nairobi, Kenya, while this research was conducted.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Moukam</forename><surname>Appolinaire</surname></persName><affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Zapfack</forename><surname>Louis</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratoire de Recherche Forestiere, Universite de Yaounde 1, BP 812, Yaounde, Cameroon</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">AGEE</title><idno type="pISSN">0167-8809</idno><idno type="PII">S0167-8809(00)X0031-X</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1997"></date><biblScope unit="volume">65</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="245">245</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="256">256</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">2067228910BFE4E39F3D75800AF8905E48026859</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00060-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0167-8809(97)00060-1</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1997</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the environmental consequences of slash-and-burn farming is the loss of forest system carbon which in turn contributes to atmospheric change and impacts upon global climates. International attention has become focused upon the development of alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture to alleviate poverty, protect biodiversity and reduce climate change. Before alternative land use systems can be evaluated in terms of carbon sequestration, baseline measurements of carbon dynamics resulting from current practices are required. We have characterized the carbon stocks in six slash-and-burn chronosequences in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Each chronosequence consisted of original forest, two year-old cropland, a cacao plantation, bush fallow, tree fallow and secondary forest. Four, nine and seventeen years, respectively, had passed since the original forest was cleared for the latter three land uses. At each of 36 site × land use combinations, tree, understorey, litter, root and soil (0–50 cm) carbon were measured in five 100 m2 quadrates. The original forest contained 308 t C ha−1 and lost 220 t C ha−1 upon conversion to agriculture. The most vulnerable carbon pool was the above ground tree biomass and the most stable was soil organic matter. Carbon reaccumulated in the recovering fallows at a rate of 9.4 t C ha−1 yr−1 (r = 0.83). When these results were extrapolated using a geographic information system, deforestation rates in Southern Cameroon were estimated to be 1,355 km−2 yr−1 between 1973 and 1988 resulting in annual forest system carbon losses of 13.5 million t C. During the course of this study, three alternatives to slash-and-burn were identified: commercial cassava cultivation, improved forest conversion, and stratified agroforestry. These alternative land uses have the potential to reduce C losses over current practices by 10, 55 and 75 t C ha−1, respectively, and also differ greatly in their potential to alleviate rural poverty, protect biodiversity and deflect additional deforestation.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Slash-and-burn agriculture</term></item><item><term>Forest margins</term></item><item><term>Carbon sequestration</term></item><item><term>Carbon dynamics</term></item><item><term>Land use alternatives</term></item><item><term>Cameroon</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1997">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/2067228910BFE4E39F3D75800AF8905E48026859/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>AGEE</jid><aid>97000601</aid><ce:pii>S0167-8809(97)00060-1</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00060-1</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1997"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Jean</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kotto-Same</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Paul L.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Woomer</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="FN1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>biofix@arcc.or.ke</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Moukam</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Appolinaire</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Zapfack</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Louis</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratoire de Recherche Forestiere, Universite de Yaounde 1, BP 812, Yaounde, Cameroon</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +254-2-520328</ce:text></ce:correspondence><ce:footnote id="FN1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:note-para>The corresponding author was a Scientific Officer with The Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, UNESCO Nairobi Office, Nairobi, Kenya, while this research was conducted.</ce:note-para></ce:footnote></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="24" month="3" year="1997"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>One of the environmental consequences of slash-and-burn farming is the loss of forest system carbon which in turn contributes to atmospheric change and impacts upon global climates. International attention has become focused upon the development of alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture to alleviate poverty, protect biodiversity and reduce climate change. Before alternative land use systems can be evaluated in terms of carbon sequestration, baseline measurements of carbon dynamics resulting from current practices are required. We have characterized the carbon stocks in six slash-and-burn chronosequences in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Each chronosequence consisted of original forest, two year-old cropland, a cacao plantation, bush fallow, tree fallow and secondary forest. Four, nine and seventeen years, respectively, had passed since the original forest was cleared for the latter three land uses. At each of 36 site × land use combinations, tree, understorey, litter, root and soil (0–50 cm) carbon were measured in five 100 m<ce:sup>2</ce:sup> quadrates. The original forest contained 308 t C ha<ce:sup>−1</ce:sup> and lost 220 t C ha<ce:sup>−1</ce:sup> upon conversion to agriculture. The most vulnerable carbon pool was the above ground tree biomass and the most stable was soil organic matter. Carbon reaccumulated in the recovering fallows at a rate of 9.4 t C ha<ce:sup>−1</ce:sup> yr<ce:sup>−1</ce:sup> (<ce:italic>r</ce:italic> = 0.83). When these results were extrapolated using a geographic information system, deforestation rates in Southern Cameroon were estimated to be 1,355 km<ce:sup>−2</ce:sup> yr<ce:sup>−1</ce:sup> between 1973 and 1988 resulting in annual forest system carbon losses of 13.5 million t C. During the course of this study, three alternatives to slash-and-burn were identified: commercial cassava cultivation, improved forest conversion, and stratified agroforestry. These alternative land uses have the potential to reduce C losses over current practices by 10, 55 and 75 t C ha<ce:sup>−1</ce:sup>, respectively, and also differ greatly in their potential to alleviate rural poverty, protect biodiversity and deflect additional deforestation.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Slash-and-burn agriculture</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Forest margins</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Carbon sequestration</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Carbon dynamics</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Land use alternatives</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Cameroon</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Carbon dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture and land use alternatives of the humid forest zone in Cameroon</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean</namePart><namePart type="family">Kotto-Same</namePart><affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Paul L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Woomer</namePart><affiliation>Corresponding author. Tel.: +254-2-520328</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Soil Science, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya</affiliation><affiliation>1 The corresponding author was a Scientific Officer with The Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, UNESCO Nairobi Office, Nairobi, Kenya, while this research was conducted.</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: biofix@arcc.or.ke</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Moukam</namePart><namePart type="family">Appolinaire</namePart><affiliation>IRAD-Nkolbisson, BP 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Zapfack</namePart><namePart type="family">Louis</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Recherche Forestiere, Universite de Yaounde 1, BP 812, Yaounde, Cameroon</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1997</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1997</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">One of the environmental consequences of slash-and-burn farming is the loss of forest system carbon which in turn contributes to atmospheric change and impacts upon global climates. International attention has become focused upon the development of alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture to alleviate poverty, protect biodiversity and reduce climate change. Before alternative land use systems can be evaluated in terms of carbon sequestration, baseline measurements of carbon dynamics resulting from current practices are required. We have characterized the carbon stocks in six slash-and-burn chronosequences in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Each chronosequence consisted of original forest, two year-old cropland, a cacao plantation, bush fallow, tree fallow and secondary forest. Four, nine and seventeen years, respectively, had passed since the original forest was cleared for the latter three land uses. At each of 36 site × land use combinations, tree, understorey, litter, root and soil (0–50 cm) carbon were measured in five 100 m2 quadrates. The original forest contained 308 t C ha−1 and lost 220 t C ha−1 upon conversion to agriculture. The most vulnerable carbon pool was the above ground tree biomass and the most stable was soil organic matter. Carbon reaccumulated in the recovering fallows at a rate of 9.4 t C ha−1 yr−1 (r = 0.83). When these results were extrapolated using a geographic information system, deforestation rates in Southern Cameroon were estimated to be 1,355 km−2 yr−1 between 1973 and 1988 resulting in annual forest system carbon losses of 13.5 million t C. During the course of this study, three alternatives to slash-and-burn were identified: commercial cassava cultivation, improved forest conversion, and stratified agroforestry. These alternative land uses have the potential to reduce C losses over current practices by 10, 55 and 75 t C ha−1, respectively, and also differ greatly in their potential to alleviate rural poverty, protect biodiversity and deflect additional deforestation.</abstract><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Slash-and-burn agriculture</topic><topic>Forest margins</topic><topic>Carbon sequestration</topic><topic>Carbon dynamics</topic><topic>Land use alternatives</topic><topic>Cameroon</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>AGEE</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">19971103</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0167-8809</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0167-8809(00)X0031-X</identifier><part><date>19971103</date><detail type="volume"><number>65</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>3</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>189</start><end>283</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>245</start><end>256</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">2067228910BFE4E39F3D75800AF8905E48026859</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00060-1</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0167-8809(97)00060-1</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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