Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India
Identifieur interne : 000E97 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000E96; suivant : 000E98Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India
Auteurs : K. S Rao ; Rekha PantSource :
- Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment [ 0167-8809 ] ; 2001.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
The amount, the rate and the intensity of land use and land cover change are very high in developing countries. The human impacts upon the land are still very great and increasing. This study analyses the process of human-induced landscape transformation in a micro watershed in mid elevation zone of central Himalaya of India in 1963, 1986 and 1996. The watershed (about 80km2 in size) comprises a small mountainous valley with steep slopes and deep cut ravines, typical of the landscape pattern in high population intensity mid elevation zone of central Himalaya. The spatial and temporal change patterns of land use were quantified by interpreting remote sensing (RS) data and use a geographical information system (GIS). During the last 33 years, the vegetal cover was altered drastically with increasing population pressure (both human and animal), agricultural activities and industrial wood/raw material extraction activities. The traditional rain fed agriculture on raised terraces has passed through a process of agricultural intensification but this in turn reduced crop species diversity. Restriction on agricultural expansion by transferring large parts of vegetated areas to conservation forestry under government control and unrestrained agricultural expansion on community lands which supported fuel, fodder and manure requirements has resulted in a unbalanced land use. This in turn led to deforestation and environmental degradation. Some limiting factors such as socio-economic and policy forces caused these changes in natural resource management practices and the resulting land use patterns. The study showed that although development interventions such as World Bank aided Integrated Watershed Development Programme, etc., showed promising results in regenerating the resources; the lack of follow-up required after programme withdrawal might cause the deterioration of resources accrued during such regeneration activities. Such local impacts need to be considered in national policies and especially when time bound international aid based programmes are to be implemented.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00274-7
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ISTEX:48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7FLe document en format XML
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The human impacts upon the land are still very great and increasing. This study analyses the process of human-induced landscape transformation in a micro watershed in mid elevation zone of central Himalaya of India in 1963, 1986 and 1996. The watershed (about 80km2 in size) comprises a small mountainous valley with steep slopes and deep cut ravines, typical of the landscape pattern in high population intensity mid elevation zone of central Himalaya. The spatial and temporal change patterns of land use were quantified by interpreting remote sensing (RS) data and use a geographical information system (GIS). During the last 33 years, the vegetal cover was altered drastically with increasing population pressure (both human and animal), agricultural activities and industrial wood/raw material extraction activities. The traditional rain fed agriculture on raised terraces has passed through a process of agricultural intensification but this in turn reduced crop species diversity. Restriction on agricultural expansion by transferring large parts of vegetated areas to conservation forestry under government control and unrestrained agricultural expansion on community lands which supported fuel, fodder and manure requirements has resulted in a unbalanced land use. This in turn led to deforestation and environmental degradation. Some limiting factors such as socio-economic and policy forces caused these changes in natural resource management practices and the resulting land use patterns. The study showed that although development interventions such as World Bank aided Integrated Watershed Development Programme, etc., showed promising results in regenerating the resources; the lack of follow-up required after programme withdrawal might cause the deterioration of resources accrued during such regeneration activities. Such local impacts need to be considered in national policies and especially when time bound international aid based programmes are to be implemented.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>K.S Rao</name><affiliations><json:string>G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, India</json:string><json:string>E-mail: srkottapalli@yahoo.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rekha Pant</name><affiliations><json:string>G.B. 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The human impacts upon the land are still very great and increasing. This study analyses the process of human-induced landscape transformation in a micro watershed in mid elevation zone of central Himalaya of India in 1963, 1986 and 1996. The watershed (about 80km2 in size) comprises a small mountainous valley with steep slopes and deep cut ravines, typical of the landscape pattern in high population intensity mid elevation zone of central Himalaya. The spatial and temporal change patterns of land use were quantified by interpreting remote sensing (RS) data and use a geographical information system (GIS). During the last 33 years, the vegetal cover was altered drastically with increasing population pressure (both human and animal), agricultural activities and industrial wood/raw material extraction activities. The traditional rain fed agriculture on raised terraces has passed through a process of agricultural intensification but this in turn reduced crop species diversity. Restriction on agricultural expansion by transferring large parts of vegetated areas to conservation forestry under government control and unrestrained agricultural expansion on community lands which supported fuel, fodder and manure requirements has resulted in a unbalanced land use. This in turn led to deforestation and environmental degradation. Some limiting factors such as socio-economic and policy forces caused these changes in natural resource management practices and the resulting land use patterns. The study showed that although development interventions such as World Bank aided Integrated Watershed Development Programme, etc., showed promising results in regenerating the resources; the lack of follow-up required after programme withdrawal might cause the deterioration of resources accrued during such regeneration activities. Such local impacts need to be considered in national policies and especially when time bound international aid based programmes are to be implemented.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 792 pts (letter)</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>7</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2097</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5851</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>38342</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>11</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>303</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India</title><pii><json:string>S0167-8809(00)00274-7</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>86</volume><pii><json:string>S0167-8809(00)X0078-3</json:string></pii><pages><last>124</last><first>113</first></pages><issn><json:string>0167-8809</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment</title><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string><json:string>agriculture, multidisciplinary</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>agriculture, fisheries & forestry</json:string><json:string>agronomy & agriculture</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00274-7</json:string></doi><id>48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7F</id><score>0.043455943</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7F/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7F/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7F/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Land use/cover map of Sadiyagad micro watershed in the central Himalaya, India as interpreted from IRS 1C-LISS III data 1996.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Forest cover maps of 1963, 1986 and 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed in the central Himalaya, India.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Changes in the natural forest cover between 1963 and 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed, India</note><note type="content">Table 2: Changes in patchiness of the forest area as an indicator for habitat fragmentation between 1963 and 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed in the central Himalaya, India</note><note type="content">Table 3: Patchiness of the different land use areas in 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed, India</note><note type="content">Table 4: Natural forest covers in different slope ranges during a 33-year period in the Sadiyagad micro watershed in central Himalaya</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">K.S</forename><surname>Rao</surname></persName><email>srkottapalli@yahoo.com</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-5962-41041; fax: +91-5962-31507</p></note><affiliation>G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, India</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Rekha</forename><surname>Pant</surname></persName><affiliation>G.B. 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The human impacts upon the land are still very great and increasing. This study analyses the process of human-induced landscape transformation in a micro watershed in mid elevation zone of central Himalaya of India in 1963, 1986 and 1996. The watershed (about 80km2 in size) comprises a small mountainous valley with steep slopes and deep cut ravines, typical of the landscape pattern in high population intensity mid elevation zone of central Himalaya. The spatial and temporal change patterns of land use were quantified by interpreting remote sensing (RS) data and use a geographical information system (GIS). During the last 33 years, the vegetal cover was altered drastically with increasing population pressure (both human and animal), agricultural activities and industrial wood/raw material extraction activities. The traditional rain fed agriculture on raised terraces has passed through a process of agricultural intensification but this in turn reduced crop species diversity. Restriction on agricultural expansion by transferring large parts of vegetated areas to conservation forestry under government control and unrestrained agricultural expansion on community lands which supported fuel, fodder and manure requirements has resulted in a unbalanced land use. This in turn led to deforestation and environmental degradation. Some limiting factors such as socio-economic and policy forces caused these changes in natural resource management practices and the resulting land use patterns. The study showed that although development interventions such as World Bank aided Integrated Watershed Development Programme, etc., showed promising results in regenerating the resources; the lack of follow-up required after programme withdrawal might cause the deterioration of resources accrued during such regeneration activities. Such local impacts need to be considered in national policies and especially when time bound international aid based programmes are to be implemented.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Natural resource mapping</term></item><item><term>Land use</term></item><item><term>Landscape pattern</term></item><item><term>Natural resource policies</term></item><item><term>Central Himalayas</term></item><item><term>India</term></item><item><term>Forest cover</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2000-06-09">Modified</change><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7F/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>AGEE</jid><aid>1699</aid><ce:pii>S0167-8809(00)00274-7</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00274-7</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>K.S</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Rao</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>srkottapalli@yahoo.com</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Rekha</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Pant</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, India</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-5962-41041; fax: +91-5962-31507</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="15" month="3" year="2000"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="9" month="6" year="2000"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="31" month="8" year="2000"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The amount, the rate and the intensity of land use and land cover change are very high in developing countries. The human impacts upon the land are still very great and increasing. This study analyses the process of human-induced landscape transformation in a micro watershed in mid elevation zone of central Himalaya of India in 1963, 1986 and 1996. The watershed (about 80<ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>km<ce:sup>2</ce:sup> in size) comprises a small mountainous valley with steep slopes and deep cut ravines, typical of the landscape pattern in high population intensity mid elevation zone of central Himalaya. The spatial and temporal change patterns of land use were quantified by interpreting remote sensing (RS) data and use a geographical information system (GIS). During the last 33 years, the vegetal cover was altered drastically with increasing population pressure (both human and animal), agricultural activities and industrial wood/raw material extraction activities. The traditional rain fed agriculture on raised terraces has passed through a process of agricultural intensification but this in turn reduced crop species diversity. Restriction on agricultural expansion by transferring large parts of vegetated areas to conservation forestry under government control and unrestrained agricultural expansion on community lands which supported fuel, fodder and manure requirements has resulted in a unbalanced land use. This in turn led to deforestation and environmental degradation. Some limiting factors such as socio-economic and policy forces caused these changes in natural resource management practices and the resulting land use patterns. The study showed that although development interventions such as World Bank aided Integrated Watershed Development Programme, etc., showed promising results in regenerating the resources; the lack of follow-up required after programme withdrawal might cause the deterioration of resources accrued during such regeneration activities. Such local impacts need to be considered in national policies and especially when time bound international aid based programmes are to be implemented.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword" xml:lang="en"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Natural resource mapping</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Land use</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Landscape pattern</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Natural resource policies</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Central Himalayas</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>India</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Forest cover</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.S</namePart><namePart type="family">Rao</namePart><affiliation>G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, India</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: srkottapalli@yahoo.com</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-5962-41041; fax: +91-5962-31507</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rekha</namePart><namePart type="family">Pant</namePart><affiliation>G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, India</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">2000-06-09</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The amount, the rate and the intensity of land use and land cover change are very high in developing countries. The human impacts upon the land are still very great and increasing. This study analyses the process of human-induced landscape transformation in a micro watershed in mid elevation zone of central Himalaya of India in 1963, 1986 and 1996. The watershed (about 80km2 in size) comprises a small mountainous valley with steep slopes and deep cut ravines, typical of the landscape pattern in high population intensity mid elevation zone of central Himalaya. The spatial and temporal change patterns of land use were quantified by interpreting remote sensing (RS) data and use a geographical information system (GIS). During the last 33 years, the vegetal cover was altered drastically with increasing population pressure (both human and animal), agricultural activities and industrial wood/raw material extraction activities. The traditional rain fed agriculture on raised terraces has passed through a process of agricultural intensification but this in turn reduced crop species diversity. Restriction on agricultural expansion by transferring large parts of vegetated areas to conservation forestry under government control and unrestrained agricultural expansion on community lands which supported fuel, fodder and manure requirements has resulted in a unbalanced land use. This in turn led to deforestation and environmental degradation. Some limiting factors such as socio-economic and policy forces caused these changes in natural resource management practices and the resulting land use patterns. The study showed that although development interventions such as World Bank aided Integrated Watershed Development Programme, etc., showed promising results in regenerating the resources; the lack of follow-up required after programme withdrawal might cause the deterioration of resources accrued during such regeneration activities. Such local impacts need to be considered in national policies and especially when time bound international aid based programmes are to be implemented.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Land use/cover map of Sadiyagad micro watershed in the central Himalaya, India as interpreted from IRS 1C-LISS III data 1996.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Forest cover maps of 1963, 1986 and 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed in the central Himalaya, India.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Changes in the natural forest cover between 1963 and 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed, India</note><note type="content">Table 2: Changes in patchiness of the forest area as an indicator for habitat fragmentation between 1963 and 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed in the central Himalaya, India</note><note type="content">Table 3: Patchiness of the different land use areas in 1996 in the Sadiyagad micro watershed, India</note><note type="content">Table 4: Natural forest covers in different slope ranges during a 33-year period in the Sadiyagad micro watershed in central Himalaya</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Natural resource mapping</topic><topic>Land use</topic><topic>Landscape pattern</topic><topic>Natural resource policies</topic><topic>Central Himalayas</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Forest cover</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>AGEE</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200108</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0167-8809</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0167-8809(00)X0078-3</identifier><part><date>200108</date><detail type="volume"><number>86</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>113</start><end>220</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>113</start><end>124</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">48F881C70FFB0341B70D6E2B796DF016F3093D7F</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00274-7</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0167-8809(00)00274-7</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Land use dynamics and landscape change pattern in a typical micro watershed in the mid elevation zone of central Himalaya, India
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.28. |  |