How does crop type influence risk from pesticides to the aquatic environment?
Identifieur interne : 000B53 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000B52; suivant : 000B54How does crop type influence risk from pesticides to the aquatic environment?
Auteurs : Colin D. Brown ; Chris Holmes ; Ryan Williams ; Sabine Beulke ; Wendy Van Beinum ; Emma Pemberton ; Claire WellsSource :
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry [ 0730-7268 ] ; 2007-09.
English descriptors
Abstract
National‐level risk mapping was undertaken to identify specific situations within England with the greatest potential for impacts on aquatic biodiversity from normal agricultural use of pesticides. Calculations of exposure via spray drift and drainflow were differentiated by landscape type, region, and crop and then compared with toxicity to the indicator organisms Daphnia magna and algae. The approach incorporated regional‐level information regarding pesticide usage derived from farm visits. Risk was calculated for individual water bodies and then aggregated and mapped for each of 5,760 individual catchments ranging in area up to 248 km2. Type of crop adjacent to water was the major driver for risk, and orchards were identified as the crop associated with the greatest potential risk to the aquatic environment. Crops such as cereals, oilseeds, and potatoes are more widely grown in England but have potential risk an order of magnitude smaller than that for orchards. Several of the pesticides that contribute most to risk have been withdrawn from use since collection of the most recent usage data. Driven by crop distribution, surface waters adjacent to orchards in the midwest and southeast of England are predicted to be most at risk of ecological impacts from agricultural pesticide use. This information can be used in targeting monitoring campaigns designed to protect the aquatic environment.
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DOI: 10.1897/06-498R.1
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ISTEX:D9A8986943BB5DA5A2BC65D1BF7306B21E8BBBDDLe document en format XML
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Calculations of exposure via spray drift and drainflow were differentiated by landscape type, region, and crop and then compared with toxicity to the indicator organisms Daphnia magna and algae. The approach incorporated regional‐level information regarding pesticide usage derived from farm visits. Risk was calculated for individual water bodies and then aggregated and mapped for each of 5,760 individual catchments ranging in area up to 248 km2. Type of crop adjacent to water was the major driver for risk, and orchards were identified as the crop associated with the greatest potential risk to the aquatic environment. Crops such as cereals, oilseeds, and potatoes are more widely grown in England but have potential risk an order of magnitude smaller than that for orchards. Several of the pesticides that contribute most to risk have been withdrawn from use since collection of the most recent usage data. Driven by crop distribution, surface waters adjacent to orchards in the midwest and southeast of England are predicted to be most at risk of ecological impacts from agricultural pesticide use. This information can be used in targeting monitoring campaigns designed to protect the aquatic environment.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Colin D. 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Calculations of exposure via spray drift and drainflow were differentiated by landscape type, region, and crop and then compared with toxicity to the indicator organisms Daphnia magna and algae. The approach incorporated regional‐level information regarding pesticide usage derived from farm visits. Risk was calculated for individual water bodies and then aggregated and mapped for each of 5,760 individual catchments ranging in area up to 248 km2. Type of crop adjacent to water was the major driver for risk, and orchards were identified as the crop associated with the greatest potential risk to the aquatic environment. Crops such as cereals, oilseeds, and potatoes are more widely grown in England but have potential risk an order of magnitude smaller than that for orchards. Several of the pesticides that contribute most to risk have been withdrawn from use since collection of the most recent usage data. Driven by crop distribution, surface waters adjacent to orchards in the midwest and southeast of England are predicted to be most at risk of ecological impacts from agricultural pesticide use. 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xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>National‐level risk mapping was undertaken to identify specific situations within England with the greatest potential for impacts on aquatic biodiversity from normal agricultural use of pesticides. Calculations of exposure via spray drift and drainflow were differentiated by landscape type, region, and crop and then compared with toxicity to the indicator organisms <i>Daphnia magna</i> and algae. The approach incorporated regional‐level information regarding pesticide usage derived from farm visits. Risk was calculated for individual water bodies and then aggregated and mapped for each of 5,760 individual catchments ranging in area up to 248 km<sup>2</sup>. Type of crop adjacent to water was the major driver for risk, and orchards were identified as the crop associated with the greatest potential risk to the aquatic environment. Crops such as cereals, oilseeds, and potatoes are more widely grown in England but have potential risk an order of magnitude smaller than that for orchards. Several of the pesticides that contribute most to risk have been withdrawn from use since collection of the most recent usage data. Driven by crop distribution, surface waters adjacent to orchards in the midwest and southeast of England are predicted to be most at risk of ecological impacts from agricultural pesticide use. This information can be used in targeting monitoring campaigns designed to protect the aquatic environment.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>How does crop type influence risk from pesticides to the aquatic environment?</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Crop type influences risk from pesticides</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>How does crop type influence risk from pesticides to the aquatic environment?</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Colin D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Brown</namePart><affiliation>Environment Department, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom</affiliation><affiliation>Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom</affiliation><affiliation>REnvironment Department, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chris</namePart><namePart type="family">Holmes</namePart><affiliation>Waterborne Environmental, 897B Harrison Street, South‐East Leesburg, Virginia 20175, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ryan</namePart><namePart type="family">Williams</namePart><affiliation>Waterborne Environmental, 897B Harrison Street, South‐East Leesburg, Virginia 20175, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sabine</namePart><namePart type="family">Beulke</namePart><affiliation>Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Wendy</namePart><namePart type="family">van Beinum</namePart><affiliation>Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Emma</namePart><namePart type="family">Pemberton</namePart><affiliation>Environment Agency, Howbery Park, Wallingform, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BD, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Claire</namePart><namePart type="family">Wells</namePart><affiliation>Environment Agency, Howbery Park, Wallingform, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BD, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2007-09</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2006-10-05</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2007-03-06</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2007</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">6</extent><extent unit="tables">4</extent><extent unit="references">22</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">National‐level risk mapping was undertaken to identify specific situations within England with the greatest potential for impacts on aquatic biodiversity from normal agricultural use of pesticides. Calculations of exposure via spray drift and drainflow were differentiated by landscape type, region, and crop and then compared with toxicity to the indicator organisms Daphnia magna and algae. The approach incorporated regional‐level information regarding pesticide usage derived from farm visits. Risk was calculated for individual water bodies and then aggregated and mapped for each of 5,760 individual catchments ranging in area up to 248 km2. Type of crop adjacent to water was the major driver for risk, and orchards were identified as the crop associated with the greatest potential risk to the aquatic environment. Crops such as cereals, oilseeds, and potatoes are more widely grown in England but have potential risk an order of magnitude smaller than that for orchards. Several of the pesticides that contribute most to risk have been withdrawn from use since collection of the most recent usage data. Driven by crop distribution, surface waters adjacent to orchards in the midwest and southeast of England are predicted to be most at risk of ecological impacts from agricultural pesticide use. This information can be used in targeting monitoring campaigns designed to protect the aquatic environment.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Risk mapping</topic><topic>Geographic Information System</topic><topic>Pesticide usage</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Catchment</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</title><subTitle>An International Journal</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0730-7268</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1552-8618</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1552-8618</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">ETC</identifier><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>26</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>9</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1818</start><end>1826</end><total>9</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">D9A8986943BB5DA5A2BC65D1BF7306B21E8BBBDD</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1897/06-498R.1</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">ETC5620260905</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2007 SETAC</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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