The islands of the Loire River from Bec d'Allier to Gien : rhythms of evolution and management issues
Identifieur interne : 000022 ( Hal/Corpus ); précédent : 000021; suivant : 000023The islands of the Loire River from Bec d'Allier to Gien : rhythms of evolution and management issues
Auteurs : Stéphane GrivelSource :
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Abstract
The Loire is one of the main fluvial systems in France. The islands are an integral part of the landscape, particularly the anastomosing fluvial pattern of the Middle Loire, hence the name “Loire islands”. This thesis focuses on the functioning of this unknown river. The islands of the Loire river result from morphological fluvial readjustment as well as customs and practices used by inhabitants of the area. The morphological approach concentrates on the evolution of the river since the 19th century, through different spatial and temporal scales. Under a Geographic Information System (GIS), it was possible to monitor the riverbed since 1850 and to analyze in detail mechanisms and rhythms of the river formation. The islands are not stabilized, therefore they can be regarded as forms of river adjustment caused by environmental perturbations (initiating factors: the discontinuation of navigation; aggravating factors: absence of large flood, incision of the riverbed, decline in agriculture, extraction of sediment). The landscape of the Loire Islands is still in transition and is indicating the trend towards the river channelization, dominated by alluvial forests. The fine scale analysis is based on studies on seasonal and inter-annual evolution of islands, as well as secondary channels. Digital Elevation Models (DEM), longitudinal profiles and topographic cross-sections integrated GIS help to quantify precisely erosion and sedimentation, according to the hydrological year. The islands are sites of sediment trapping and they emphasize the sediment deficit recorded since the middle of the 20th century. The situation of secondary channels is contrasted, but the excessive growth of vegetation in some channels triggers their perennial functioning. The results of the thesis brings tools to the Loire river management.
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The islands of the Loire River from Bec d'Allier to Gien : rhythms of evolution and management issues</title><title xml:lang="fr">La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythmes d'évolution et enjeux de gestion</title><author><name sortKey="Grivel, Stephane" sort="Grivel, Stephane" uniqKey="Grivel S" first="Stéphane" last="Grivel">Stéphane Grivel</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-81349" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">068032331</idno> <idno type="RNSR">199213388S</idno> <orgName>Centre d'Etudes pour le Développement des Territoires et l'Environnement</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">CEDETE</orgName> <date type="start">1992</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>UFR Lettres, Langues et Sciences Humaines 10 rue de tours, BP 46527 45065 ORLEANS CEDEX 2</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.univ-orleans.fr/cedete</ref> </desc> <listRelation> <relation name="EA1210" active="#struct-300297" type="direct"></relation> </listRelation><tutelles><tutelle name="EA1210" active="#struct-300297" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300297" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">026402971</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000000121581666 </idno> <orgName>Université d'Orléans</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UO</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Château de la Source - Avenue du Parc Floral - BP 6749 - 45067 Orléans cedex 2</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.univ-orleans.fr/</ref> </desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">HAL</idno><idno type="RBID">Hal:tel-00455981</idno><idno type="halId">tel-00455981</idno><idno type="halUri">https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455981</idno><idno type="url">https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455981</idno><date when="2008-12-01">2008-12-01</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Hal/Corpus">000022</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The islands of the Loire River from Bec d'Allier to Gien : rhythms of evolution and management issues</title><title xml:lang="fr">La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythmes d'évolution et enjeux de gestion</title><author><name sortKey="Grivel, Stephane" sort="Grivel, Stephane" uniqKey="Grivel S" first="Stéphane" last="Grivel">Stéphane Grivel</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-81349" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">068032331</idno> <idno type="RNSR">199213388S</idno> <orgName>Centre d'Etudes pour le Développement des Territoires et l'Environnement</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">CEDETE</orgName> <date type="start">1992</date> <desc> <address> <addrLine>UFR Lettres, Langues et Sciences Humaines 10 rue de tours, BP 46527 45065 ORLEANS CEDEX 2</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.univ-orleans.fr/cedete</ref> </desc> <listRelation> <relation name="EA1210" active="#struct-300297" type="direct"></relation> </listRelation><tutelles><tutelle name="EA1210" active="#struct-300297" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300297" status="VALID"> <idno type="IdRef">026402971</idno> <idno type="ISNI">0000000121581666 </idno> <orgName>Université d'Orléans</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">UO</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>Château de la Source - Avenue du Parc Floral - BP 6749 - 45067 Orléans cedex 2</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.univ-orleans.fr/</ref> </desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="en"><term>GIS</term><term>Loire river</term><term>anastomosing systems</term><term>fluvial geomorphology</term><term>islands</term><term>secondary channels</term><term>sediment budget</term></keywords><keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="fr"><term>Loire</term><term>SIG</term><term>bilan sédimentaire</term><term>bras secondaires</term><term>géomorphologie fluviale</term><term>systèmes anastomosés</term><term>îles</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Loire is one of the main fluvial systems in France. The islands are an integral part of the landscape, particularly the anastomosing fluvial pattern of the Middle Loire, hence the name “Loire islands”. This thesis focuses on the functioning of this unknown river. The islands of the Loire river result from morphological fluvial readjustment as well as customs and practices used by inhabitants of the area. The morphological approach concentrates on the evolution of the river since the 19th century, through different spatial and temporal scales. Under a Geographic Information System (GIS), it was possible to monitor the riverbed since 1850 and to analyze in detail mechanisms and rhythms of the river formation. The islands are not stabilized, therefore they can be regarded as forms of river adjustment caused by environmental perturbations (initiating factors: the discontinuation of navigation; aggravating factors: absence of large flood, incision of the riverbed, decline in agriculture, extraction of sediment). The landscape of the Loire Islands is still in transition and is indicating the trend towards the river channelization, dominated by alluvial forests. The fine scale analysis is based on studies on seasonal and inter-annual evolution of islands, as well as secondary channels. Digital Elevation Models (DEM), longitudinal profiles and topographic cross-sections integrated GIS help to quantify precisely erosion and sedimentation, according to the hydrological year. The islands are sites of sediment trapping and they emphasize the sediment deficit recorded since the middle of the 20th century. The situation of secondary channels is contrasted, but the excessive growth of vegetation in some channels triggers their perennial functioning. The results of the thesis brings tools to the Loire river management.</div></front></TEI><hal api="V3"><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The islands of the Loire River from Bec d'Allier to Gien : rhythms of evolution and management issues</title><title xml:lang="fr">La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythmes d'évolution et enjeux de gestion</title><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Stéphane</forename><surname>Grivel</surname></persName><email type="md5">f54d18315106885b331895fb5c277f18</email><email type="domain">univ-orleans.fr</email><idno type="halauthorid">466794</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-81349"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-1343"></affiliation></author><editor role="depositor"><persName><forename>Stéphane</forename><surname>Grivel</surname></persName><email type="md5">f54d18315106885b331895fb5c277f18</email><email type="domain">univ-orleans.fr</email></editor></titleStmt><editionStmt><edition n="v1" type="current"><date type="whenSubmitted">2010-02-11 14:50:38</date><date type="whenModified">2016-01-27 17:36:00</date><date type="whenReleased">2010-02-11 17:32:03</date><date type="whenProduced">2008-12-01</date><date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2010-02-11</date><ref type="file" target="https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455981/document"><date notBefore="2010-02-11"></date></ref><ref type="file" n="1" target="https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455981/file/These-Grivel.pdf"><date notBefore="2010-02-11"></date></ref></edition><respStmt><resp>contributor</resp><name key="144313"><persName><forename>Stéphane</forename><surname>Grivel</surname></persName><email type="md5">f54d18315106885b331895fb5c277f18</email><email type="domain">univ-orleans.fr</email></name></respStmt></editionStmt><publicationStmt><distributor>CCSD</distributor><idno type="halId">tel-00455981</idno><idno type="halUri">https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455981</idno><idno type="halBibtex">grivel:tel-00455981</idno><idno type="halRefHtml">Géographie. Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2008. Français</idno><idno type="halRef">Géographie. Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2008. Français</idno></publicationStmt><seriesStmt><idno type="stamp" n="SHS">Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</idno><idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-PARIS1">Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I</idno><idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno><idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-ORLEANS">Université d'Orléans</idno><idno type="stamp" n="AO-GEOGRAPHIE">Archives ouvertes de la Géographie</idno><idno type="stamp" n="GIP-BE">GIP Bretagne Environnement</idno><idno type="stamp" n="UPEC-UPEM">UPEC-UPEM</idno></seriesStmt><notesStmt></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The islands of the Loire River from Bec d'Allier to Gien : rhythms of evolution and management issues</title><title xml:lang="fr">La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythmes d'évolution et enjeux de gestion</title><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Stéphane</forename><surname>Grivel</surname></persName><email type="md5">f54d18315106885b331895fb5c277f18</email><email type="domain">univ-orleans.fr</email><idno type="halauthorid">466794</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-81349"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-1343"></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><imprint><date type="dateDefended">2008-12-01</date></imprint><authority type="institution">Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis</authority><authority type="school">Sciences humaines</authority><authority type="supervisor">E. Costard-Gautier(emmanuele.gautier@cnrs-bellevue.fr)</authority><authority type="jury">S. Braud (Invité)</authority><authority type="jury">N. Carcaud (Rapporteur)</authority><authority type="jury">E. Costard-Gautier (Directrice)</authority><authority type="jury">A. Da Lage (Examinateur)</authority><authority type="jury">E. Gilli (Directeur)</authority><authority type="jury">C. Le Cœur (Président)</authority><authority type="jury">H. Piégay (Rapporteur)</authority></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc><profileDesc><langUsage><language ident="fr">French</language></langUsage><textClass><keywords scheme="author"><term xml:lang="en">Loire river</term><term xml:lang="en">fluvial geomorphology</term><term xml:lang="en">anastomosing systems</term><term xml:lang="en">islands</term><term xml:lang="en">secondary channels</term><term xml:lang="en">GIS</term><term xml:lang="en">sediment budget</term><term xml:lang="fr">Loire</term><term xml:lang="fr">géomorphologie fluviale</term><term xml:lang="fr">systèmes anastomosés</term><term xml:lang="fr">îles</term><term xml:lang="fr">bras secondaires</term><term xml:lang="fr">SIG</term><term xml:lang="fr">bilan sédimentaire</term></keywords><classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs.geo">Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</classCode><classCode scheme="halTypology" n="THESE">Theses</classCode></textClass><abstract xml:lang="en">The Loire is one of the main fluvial systems in France. The islands are an integral part of the landscape, particularly the anastomosing fluvial pattern of the Middle Loire, hence the name “Loire islands”. This thesis focuses on the functioning of this unknown river. The islands of the Loire river result from morphological fluvial readjustment as well as customs and practices used by inhabitants of the area. The morphological approach concentrates on the evolution of the river since the 19th century, through different spatial and temporal scales. Under a Geographic Information System (GIS), it was possible to monitor the riverbed since 1850 and to analyze in detail mechanisms and rhythms of the river formation. The islands are not stabilized, therefore they can be regarded as forms of river adjustment caused by environmental perturbations (initiating factors: the discontinuation of navigation; aggravating factors: absence of large flood, incision of the riverbed, decline in agriculture, extraction of sediment). The landscape of the Loire Islands is still in transition and is indicating the trend towards the river channelization, dominated by alluvial forests. The fine scale analysis is based on studies on seasonal and inter-annual evolution of islands, as well as secondary channels. Digital Elevation Models (DEM), longitudinal profiles and topographic cross-sections integrated GIS help to quantify precisely erosion and sedimentation, according to the hydrological year. The islands are sites of sediment trapping and they emphasize the sediment deficit recorded since the middle of the 20th century. The situation of secondary channels is contrasted, but the excessive growth of vegetation in some channels triggers their perennial functioning. The results of the thesis brings tools to the Loire river management.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="fr">La Loire est un des principaux hydrosystèmes fluviaux français. Les îles font partie intégrante du paysage fluvial et tout particulièrement du corridor anastomosé de la Loire moyenne, d'où l'appellation de la Loire des îles. La thèse s'intéresse au fonctionnement méconnu de ce système fluvial. Les îles de la Loire sont à la fois des traceurs morphologiques du réajustement fluvial et des témoins des usages et pratiques par les sociétés du fleuve. L'approche morphologique se consacre ainsi à l'évolution du fleuve depuis le 19ème siècle à travers différentes échelles d'analyse spatiale et temporelle. Sous un Système d'Information Géographique (SIG), il a été possible de suivre l'évolution du lit fluvial depuis 1850 et d'analyser en détail les mécanismes et les rythmes de formation des îles. Les îles ne sont pas des formes entièrement stabilisées et peuvent être considérées comme des formes fluviales de réajustement aux perturbations environnementales (facteur déclenchant : arrêt de la navigation ; facteurs aggravants : absence de grande crue, incision du lit, déclin de l'agriculture, extractions de granulat). Le paysage de la Loire des îles est encore en transition et annonce la tendance à une chenalisation unique dominée par la forêt alluviale. Cette approche à échelle moyenne est complétée par une approche plus fine focalisée sur l'évolution saisonnière et inter-annuelle des îles et des bras secondaires. Des Modèles Numériques de Terrain (MNT) et des profils en travers comparatifs intégrés au SIG permettent alors de quantifier précisément les processus d'érosion et de sédimentation en fonction de l'année hydrologique. Les îles sont les sites privilégiés du piégeage sédimentaire et accentuent le déficit sédimentaire enregistré depuis le milieu du 20ème siècle. Les bras secondaires présentent de grands contrastes entre eux et permettent encore le transit sédimentaire. Cependant, la végétalisation de certains bras s'accélère et compromet leur pérennité. Les budgets sédimentaires des unités fluviales ont donc été établis à différents pas de temps. Cette thèse apporte au final des éléments indispensables à une gestion du fleuve.</abstract><particDesc><org type="consortium">Zone Atelier Loire</org></particDesc></profileDesc></hal></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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