ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system
Identifieur interne : 001062 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001061; suivant : 001063ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system
Auteurs : Abdelwahab Zramdini ; Rolf IngoldSource :
- Lecture Notes in Computer Science [ 0302-9743 ] ; 1995.
Abstract
Abstract: The detection of the font style, point size, etc. of a text is an obvious way to improve the capabilities of text recognition algorithms. The ApOFIS system has been designed in order to satisfy such a requirement. It adopts an a priori font identification approach where the recognition of a text font is done without considering the characters that appear in the text. In ApOFIS, a font is characterized especially by its family, weight, slope and size. Features used in the system represent global aspects of text line images. They have been extracted essentially from projection profiles and from connected components bounding boxes. Statistical tests have revealed that these features follow approximately normal laws so that parameter estimation is used in learning. A multivariate Bayesian classifier, based on these features, has been designed for font recognition and applied on a base of 240 font models created from a training set of texts written with these fonts. On text lines having the same length as those used for learning, the system allows to discriminate fonts with an average accuracy of 96.5% for top choice and 98.3% within the two top choices.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
<author><name sortKey="Zramdini, Abdelwahab" sort="Zramdini, Abdelwahab" uniqKey="Zramdini A" first="Abdelwahab" last="Zramdini">Abdelwahab Zramdini</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: abdelwahab.zramdini@unifr.ch</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ingold, Rolf" sort="Ingold, Rolf" uniqKey="Ingold R" first="Rolf" last="Ingold">Rolf Ingold</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65</idno>
<date when="1995" year="1995">1995</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65/fulltext/pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001062</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
<author><name sortKey="Zramdini, Abdelwahab" sort="Zramdini, Abdelwahab" uniqKey="Zramdini A" first="Abdelwahab" last="Zramdini">Abdelwahab Zramdini</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: abdelwahab.zramdini@unifr.ch</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ingold, Rolf" sort="Ingold, Rolf" uniqKey="Ingold R" first="Rolf" last="Ingold">Rolf Ingold</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series><title level="s">Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
<imprint><date>1995</date>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">0302-9743</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1611-3349</idno>
<idno type="ISSN">0302-9743</idno>
</series>
<idno type="istex">22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">81</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">Chap81</idno>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0302-9743</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The detection of the font style, point size, etc. of a text is an obvious way to improve the capabilities of text recognition algorithms. The ApOFIS system has been designed in order to satisfy such a requirement. It adopts an a priori font identification approach where the recognition of a text font is done without considering the characters that appear in the text. In ApOFIS, a font is characterized especially by its family, weight, slope and size. Features used in the system represent global aspects of text line images. They have been extracted essentially from projection profiles and from connected components bounding boxes. Statistical tests have revealed that these features follow approximately normal laws so that parameter estimation is used in learning. A multivariate Bayesian classifier, based on these features, has been designed for font recognition and applied on a base of 240 font models created from a training set of texts written with these fonts. On text lines having the same length as those used for learning, the system allows to discriminate fonts with an average accuracy of 96.5% for top choice and 98.3% within the two top choices.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<istex><corpusName>springer</corpusName>
<author><json:item><name>Abdelwahab Zramdini</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: abdelwahab.zramdini@unifr.ch</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Rolf Ingold</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</author>
<language><json:string>eng</json:string>
</language>
<abstract>Abstract: The detection of the font style, point size, etc. of a text is an obvious way to improve the capabilities of text recognition algorithms. The ApOFIS system has been designed in order to satisfy such a requirement. It adopts an a priori font identification approach where the recognition of a text font is done without considering the characters that appear in the text. In ApOFIS, a font is characterized especially by its family, weight, slope and size. Features used in the system represent global aspects of text line images. They have been extracted essentially from projection profiles and from connected components bounding boxes. Statistical tests have revealed that these features follow approximately normal laws so that parameter estimation is used in learning. A multivariate Bayesian classifier, based on these features, has been designed for font recognition and applied on a base of 240 font models created from a training set of texts written with these fonts. On text lines having the same length as those used for learning, the system allows to discriminate fonts with an average accuracy of 96.5% for top choice and 98.3% within the two top choices.</abstract>
<qualityIndicators><score>4.432</score>
<pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion>
<pdfPageSize>439.28 x 662.28 pts</pdfPageSize>
<refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative>
<keywordCount>0</keywordCount>
<abstractCharCount>1177</abstractCharCount>
<pdfWordCount>2140</pdfWordCount>
<pdfCharCount>12549</pdfCharCount>
<pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount>
<abstractWordCount>191</abstractWordCount>
</qualityIndicators>
<title>ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
<genre.original><json:string>ReviewPaper</json:string>
</genre.original>
<chapterId><json:string>81</json:string>
<json:string>Chap81</json:string>
</chapterId>
<genre><json:string>conference [eBooks]</json:string>
</genre>
<serie><editor><json:item><name>Gerhard Goos</name>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Juris Hartmanis</name>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Jan van Leeuwen</name>
</json:item>
</editor>
<issn><json:string>0302-9743</json:string>
</issn>
<language><json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<eissn><json:string>1611-3349</json:string>
</eissn>
<title>Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
<copyrightDate>1995</copyrightDate>
</serie>
<host><editor><json:item><name>Carlo Braccini</name>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Leila DeFloriani</name>
</json:item>
<json:item><name>Gianni Vernazza</name>
</json:item>
</editor>
<subject><json:item><value>Computer Science</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Computer Science</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Image Processing and Computer Vision</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Pattern Recognition</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Computer Graphics</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><value>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design</value>
</json:item>
</subject>
<isbn><json:string>978-3-540-60298-9</json:string>
</isbn>
<language><json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<eissn><json:string>1611-3349</json:string>
</eissn>
<title>Image Analysis and Processing</title>
<genre.original><json:string>Proceedings</json:string>
</genre.original>
<bookId><json:string>3540602984</json:string>
</bookId>
<volume>974</volume>
<pages><last>532</last>
<first>527</first>
</pages>
<issn><json:string>0302-9743</json:string>
</issn>
<genre><json:string>Book Series</json:string>
</genre>
<eisbn><json:string>978-3-540-44787-0</json:string>
</eisbn>
<copyrightDate>1995</copyrightDate>
<doi><json:string>10.1007/3-540-60298-4</json:string>
</doi>
</host>
<publicationDate>1995</publicationDate>
<copyrightDate>1995</copyrightDate>
<doi><json:string>10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309</json:string>
</doi>
<id>22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65</id>
<fulltext><json:item><original>true</original>
<mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype>
<extension>pdf</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65/fulltext/pdf</uri>
</json:item>
<json:item><original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/zip</mimetype>
<extension>zip</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65/fulltext/zip</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
<respStmt xml:id="ISTEX-API" resp="Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID" name="ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)"></respStmt>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority>
<publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher>
<pubPlace>Berlin, Heidelberg</pubPlace>
<availability><p>SPRINGER</p>
</availability>
<date>1995</date>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Abdelwahab</forename>
<surname>Zramdini</surname>
</persName>
<email>abdelwahab.zramdini@unifr.ch</email>
<affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</affiliation>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Rolf</forename>
<surname>Ingold</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">Image Analysis and Processing</title>
<title level="m" type="sub">8th International Conference, ICIAP'95 San Remo, Italy, September 13–15, 1995 Proceedings</title>
<idno type="pISBN">978-3-540-60298-9</idno>
<idno type="eISBN">978-3-540-44787-0</idno>
<idno type="pISSN">0302-9743</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1611-3349</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-60298-4</idno>
<idno type="BookID">3540602984</idno>
<idno type="BookTitleID">42645</idno>
<idno type="BookVolumeNumber">974</idno>
<idno type="BookChapterCount">114</idno>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Carlo</forename>
<surname>Braccini</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Leila</forename>
<surname>DeFloriani</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Gianni</forename>
<surname>Vernazza</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<imprint><publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher>
<pubPlace>Berlin, Heidelberg</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="1995"></date>
<biblScope unit="volume">974</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="527">527</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="532">532</biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
<series><title level="s">Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Gerhard</forename>
<surname>Goos</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Juris</forename>
<surname>Hartmanis</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<editor><persName><forename type="first">Jan</forename>
<surname>van Leeuwen</surname>
</persName>
</editor>
<biblScope><date>1995</date>
</biblScope>
<idno type="pISSN">0302-9743</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1611-3349</idno>
<idno type="seriesId">558</idno>
</series>
<idno type="istex">22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">81</idno>
<idno type="ChapterID">Chap81</idno>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><creation><date>1995</date>
</creation>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
<abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: The detection of the font style, point size, etc. of a text is an obvious way to improve the capabilities of text recognition algorithms. The ApOFIS system has been designed in order to satisfy such a requirement. It adopts an a priori font identification approach where the recognition of a text font is done without considering the characters that appear in the text. In ApOFIS, a font is characterized especially by its family, weight, slope and size. Features used in the system represent global aspects of text line images. They have been extracted essentially from projection profiles and from connected components bounding boxes. Statistical tests have revealed that these features follow approximately normal laws so that parameter estimation is used in learning. A multivariate Bayesian classifier, based on these features, has been designed for font recognition and applied on a base of 240 font models created from a training set of texts written with these fonts. On text lines having the same length as those used for learning, the system allows to discriminate fonts with an average accuracy of 96.5% for top choice and 98.3% within the two top choices.</p>
</abstract>
<textClass><keywords scheme="Book Subject Collection"><list><label>SUCO11645</label>
<item><term>Computer Science</term>
</item>
</list>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<textClass><keywords scheme="Book Subject Group"><list><label>I</label>
<label>I22021</label>
<label>I2203X</label>
<label>I22013</label>
<label>I21017</label>
<label>I14002</label>
<label>I23044</label>
<item><term>Computer Science</term>
</item>
<item><term>Image Processing and Computer Vision</term>
</item>
<item><term>Pattern Recognition</term>
</item>
<item><term>Computer Graphics</term>
</item>
<item><term>Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)</term>
</item>
<item><term>Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems</term>
</item>
<item><term>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design</term>
</item>
</list>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc><change when="1995">Published</change>
<change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-3-19">References added</change>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
</istex:fulltextTEI>
<json:item><original>false</original>
<mimetype>text/plain</mimetype>
<extension>txt</extension>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65/fulltext/txt</uri>
</json:item>
</fulltext>
<metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Springer, Publisher found" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration>
<istex:docType PUBLIC="-//Springer-Verlag//DTD A++ V2.4//EN" URI="http://devel.springer.de/A++/V2.4/DTD/A++V2.4.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType>
<istex:document><Publisher><PublisherInfo><PublisherName>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</PublisherName>
<PublisherLocation>Berlin, Heidelberg</PublisherLocation>
</PublisherInfo>
<Series><SeriesInfo TocLevels="0"><SeriesID>558</SeriesID>
<SeriesPrintISSN>0302-9743</SeriesPrintISSN>
<SeriesElectronicISSN>1611-3349</SeriesElectronicISSN>
<SeriesTitle Language="En">Lecture Notes in Computer Science</SeriesTitle>
<SeriesAbbreviatedTitle>Lect Notes Comput Sci</SeriesAbbreviatedTitle>
</SeriesInfo>
<SeriesHeader><EditorGroup><Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Gerhard</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Goos</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
<Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Juris</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Hartmanis</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
<Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Jan</GivenName>
<Particle>van</Particle>
<FamilyName>Leeuwen</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
</EditorGroup>
</SeriesHeader>
<Book Language="En"><BookInfo MediaType="eBook" Language="En" BookProductType="Proceedings" TocLevels="0" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered"><BookID>3540602984</BookID>
<BookTitle>Image Analysis and Processing</BookTitle>
<BookSubTitle>8th International Conference, ICIAP'95 San Remo, Italy, September 13–15, 1995 Proceedings</BookSubTitle>
<BookVolumeNumber>974</BookVolumeNumber>
<BookDOI>10.1007/3-540-60298-4</BookDOI>
<BookTitleID>42645</BookTitleID>
<BookPrintISBN>978-3-540-60298-9</BookPrintISBN>
<BookElectronicISBN>978-3-540-44787-0</BookElectronicISBN>
<BookChapterCount>114</BookChapterCount>
<BookCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Springer-Verlag</CopyrightHolderName>
<CopyrightYear>1995</CopyrightYear>
</BookCopyright>
<BookSubjectGroup><BookSubject Code="I" Type="Primary">Computer Science</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I22021" Priority="1" Type="Secondary">Image Processing and Computer Vision</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I2203X" Priority="2" Type="Secondary">Pattern Recognition</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I22013" Priority="3" Type="Secondary">Computer Graphics</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I21017" Priority="4" Type="Secondary">Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I14002" Priority="5" Type="Secondary">Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems</BookSubject>
<BookSubject Code="I23044" Priority="6" Type="Secondary">Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design</BookSubject>
<SubjectCollection Code="SUCO11645">Computer Science</SubjectCollection>
</BookSubjectGroup>
</BookInfo>
<BookHeader><EditorGroup><Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Carlo</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Braccini</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
<Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Leila</GivenName>
<FamilyName>DeFloriani</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
<Editor><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Gianni</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Vernazza</FamilyName>
</EditorName>
</Editor>
</EditorGroup>
</BookHeader>
<Chapter ID="Chap81" Language="En"><ChapterInfo ChapterType="ReviewPaper" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered" TocLevels="0" ContainsESM="No"><ChapterID>81</ChapterID>
<ChapterDOI>10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309</ChapterDOI>
<ChapterSequenceNumber>81</ChapterSequenceNumber>
<ChapterTitle Language="En">ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</ChapterTitle>
<ChapterCategory>Pattern Recognition and Document Processing</ChapterCategory>
<ChapterFirstPage>527</ChapterFirstPage>
<ChapterLastPage>532</ChapterLastPage>
<ChapterCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Springer-Verlag</CopyrightHolderName>
<CopyrightYear>1995</CopyrightYear>
</ChapterCopyright>
<ChapterHistory><OnlineDate><Year>2005</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>2</Day>
</OnlineDate>
</ChapterHistory>
<ChapterGrants Type="Regular"><MetadataGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></MetadataGrant>
<AbstractGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></AbstractGrant>
<BodyPDFGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyPDFGrant>
<BodyHTMLGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyHTMLGrant>
<BibliographyGrant Grant="Restricted"></BibliographyGrant>
<ESMGrant Grant="Restricted"></ESMGrant>
</ChapterGrants>
<ChapterContext><SeriesID>558</SeriesID>
<BookID>3540602984</BookID>
<BookTitle>Image Analysis and Processing</BookTitle>
</ChapterContext>
</ChapterInfo>
<ChapterHeader><AuthorGroup><Author AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Abdelwahab</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Zramdini</FamilyName>
</AuthorName>
<Contact><Email>abdelwahab.zramdini@unifr.ch</Email>
<URL>http://www-iiuf.unifr.ch/giraf/giraf.html</URL>
</Contact>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Rolf</GivenName>
<FamilyName>Ingold</FamilyName>
</AuthorName>
</Author>
<Affiliation ID="Aff1"><OrgDivision>Institute of Informatics</OrgDivision>
<OrgName>University of Fribourg</OrgName>
<OrgAddress><Street>Chemin du Musée 3</Street>
<Postcode>CH-1700</Postcode>
<City>Fribourg</City>
<Country>Switzerland</Country>
</OrgAddress>
</Affiliation>
</AuthorGroup>
<Abstract ID="Abs1" Language="En"><Heading>Abstract</Heading>
<Para>The detection of the font style, point size, etc. of a text is an obvious way to improve the capabilities of text recognition algorithms. The <Emphasis Type="Italic">ApOFIS</Emphasis>
system has been designed in order to satisfy such a requirement. It adopts an a priori font identification approach where the recognition of a text font is done without considering the characters that appear in the text. In <Emphasis Type="Italic">ApOFIS</Emphasis>
, a font is characterized especially by its family, weight, slope and size. Features used in the system represent global aspects of text line images. They have been extracted essentially from projection profiles and from connected components bounding boxes. Statistical tests have revealed that these features follow approximately normal laws so that parameter estimation is used in learning.</Para>
<Para>A multivariate Bayesian classifier, based on these features, has been designed for font recognition and applied on a base of 240 font models created from a training set of texts written with these fonts. On text lines having the same length as those used for learning, the system allows to discriminate fonts with an average accuracy of 96.5% for top choice and 98.3% within the two top choices.</Para>
</Abstract>
<KeywordGroup Language="En"><Heading>Keywords</Heading>
<Keyword>Document Analysis</Keyword>
<Keyword>a priori Font Recognition</Keyword>
<Keyword>Bayesian Classifier</Keyword>
</KeywordGroup>
</ChapterHeader>
<NoBody></NoBody>
</Chapter>
</Book>
</Series>
</Publisher>
</istex:document>
</istex:metadataXml>
<mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Abdelwahab</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Zramdini</namePart>
<affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: abdelwahab.zramdini@unifr.ch</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rolf</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ingold</namePart>
<affiliation>Institute of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<genre type="conference [eBooks]" displayLabel="ReviewPaper"></genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher>
<place><placeTerm type="text">Berlin, Heidelberg</placeTerm>
</place>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1995</dateIssued>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1995</copyrightDate>
</originInfo>
<language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
</language>
<physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType>
</physicalDescription>
<abstract lang="en">Abstract: The detection of the font style, point size, etc. of a text is an obvious way to improve the capabilities of text recognition algorithms. The ApOFIS system has been designed in order to satisfy such a requirement. It adopts an a priori font identification approach where the recognition of a text font is done without considering the characters that appear in the text. In ApOFIS, a font is characterized especially by its family, weight, slope and size. Features used in the system represent global aspects of text line images. They have been extracted essentially from projection profiles and from connected components bounding boxes. Statistical tests have revealed that these features follow approximately normal laws so that parameter estimation is used in learning. A multivariate Bayesian classifier, based on these features, has been designed for font recognition and applied on a base of 240 font models created from a training set of texts written with these fonts. On text lines having the same length as those used for learning, the system allows to discriminate fonts with an average accuracy of 96.5% for top choice and 98.3% within the two top choices.</abstract>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Image Analysis and Processing</title>
<subTitle>8th International Conference, ICIAP'95 San Remo, Italy, September 13–15, 1995 Proceedings</subTitle>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Carlo</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Braccini</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Leila</namePart>
<namePart type="family">DeFloriani</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gianni</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Vernazza</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre type="Book Series" displayLabel="Proceedings"></genre>
<originInfo><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1995</copyrightDate>
<issuance>monographic</issuance>
</originInfo>
<subject><genre>Book Subject Collection</genre>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="SUCO11645">Computer Science</topic>
</subject>
<subject><genre>Book Subject Group</genre>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I">Computer Science</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I22021">Image Processing and Computer Vision</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I2203X">Pattern Recognition</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I22013">Computer Graphics</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I21017">Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I14002">Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems</topic>
<topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="I23044">Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design</topic>
</subject>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-60298-4</identifier>
<identifier type="ISBN">978-3-540-60298-9</identifier>
<identifier type="eISBN">978-3-540-44787-0</identifier>
<identifier type="ISSN">0302-9743</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1611-3349</identifier>
<identifier type="BookTitleID">42645</identifier>
<identifier type="BookID">3540602984</identifier>
<identifier type="BookChapterCount">114</identifier>
<identifier type="BookVolumeNumber">974</identifier>
<part><date>1995</date>
<detail type="volume"><number>974</number>
<caption>vol.</caption>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>527</start>
<end>532</end>
</extent>
</part>
<recordInfo><recordOrigin>Springer-Verlag, 1995</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="series"><titleInfo><title>Lecture Notes in Computer Science</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gerhard</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Goos</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Juris</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hartmanis</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jan</namePart>
<namePart type="family">van Leeuwen</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<originInfo><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1995</copyrightDate>
<issuance>serial</issuance>
</originInfo>
<identifier type="ISSN">0302-9743</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1611-3349</identifier>
<identifier type="SeriesID">558</identifier>
<recordInfo><recordOrigin>Springer-Verlag, 1995</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1007/3-540-60298-4_309</identifier>
<identifier type="ChapterID">81</identifier>
<identifier type="ChapterID">Chap81</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Springer-Verlag, 1995</accessCondition>
<recordInfo><recordContentSource>SPRINGER</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>Springer-Verlag, 1995</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
</metadata>
<enrichments><istex:refBibTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65/enrichments/refBib"><teiHeader></teiHeader>
<text><front></front>
<body></body>
<back><listBibl><biblStruct xml:id="b0"><monogr><title></title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">T</forename>
<surname>Bayer</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">J</forename>
<surname>Hull</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">G</forename>
<surname>Nagy</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<editor>Structured Document Image Analysis, eds., H.S. Baird, H. Bunke, and K. Yamamoto</editor>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1992"></date>
<publisher>Springer Verlag</publisher>
<biblScope unit="page" from="567" to="567"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b1"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Optical font recognition from projection profiles</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<surname>Zramdini</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">R</forename>
<surname>Ingold</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">RIDT'94: Third International Conference on Raster Imaging and Digital Typography</title>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Darmstadt, Germany</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1994"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="249" to="260"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b2"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Classification of digital typefaces using spectral signatures', Pattern Recognition</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">R</forename>
<forename type="middle">A</forename>
<surname>Morris</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1988"></date>
<biblScope unit="page" from="869" to="876"></biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b3"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">New Methods for Robust and Efficient Recognition of the Logical Structures in Documents</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">Tao</forename>
<surname>Hu</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1994"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b4"><monogr><title level="m" type="main">A priori font recognition using a Bayesain classifier</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<surname>Zramdini</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">R</forename>
<surname>Ingold</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1994"></date>
<publisher>IIUF, University of Fribourg</publisher>
<pubPlace>Switzerland</pubPlace>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct xml:id="b5"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">A Study of Document Image Degradation Effects on Font Recognition</title>
<author><persName><forename type="first">A</forename>
<surname>Zramdini</surname>
</persName>
</author>
<author><persName><forename type="first">R</forename>
<surname>Ingold</surname>
</persName>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="m">ICDAR'95: Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition</title>
<meeting><address><addrLine>Montreal, Canada</addrLine>
</address>
</meeting>
<imprint><date type="published" when="1995"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</back>
</text>
</istex:refBibTEI>
</enrichments>
</istex>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/OcrV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001062 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001062 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Ticri/CIDE |area= OcrV1 |flux= Istex |étape= Corpus |type= RBID |clé= ISTEX:22BF2D5D7C2EBF06E861DEA7D39DF32CD00BAD65 |texte= ApOFIS: an A priori optical font identification system }}
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. | ![]() |