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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Phylogenomics Reveals a Diverse <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> Type IV Secretion System<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3">▿</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">†</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4">‡</xref> </title><author><name sortKey="Gillespie, Joseph J" sort="Gillespie, Joseph J" uniqKey="Gillespie J" first="Joseph J." last="Gillespie">Joseph J. Gillespie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brayton, Kelly A" sort="Brayton, Kelly A" uniqKey="Brayton K" first="Kelly A." last="Brayton">Kelly A. Brayton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Kelly P" sort="Williams, Kelly P" uniqKey="Williams K" first="Kelly P." last="Williams">Kelly P. Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quevedo Diaz, Marco A" sort="Quevedo Diaz, Marco A" uniqKey="Quevedo Diaz M" first="Marco A." last="Quevedo Diaz">Marco A. Quevedo Diaz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Wendy C" sort="Brown, Wendy C" uniqKey="Brown W" first="Wendy C." last="Brown">Wendy C. Brown</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azad, Abdu F" sort="Azad, Abdu F" uniqKey="Azad A" first="Abdu F." last="Azad">Abdu F. Azad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sobral, Bruno W" sort="Sobral, Bruno W" uniqKey="Sobral B" first="Bruno W." last="Sobral">Bruno W. Sobral</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">20176788</idno><idno type="pmc">2863512</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2863512</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2863512</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/IAI.01384-09</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000690</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Phylogenomics Reveals a Diverse <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> Type IV Secretion System<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3">▿</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">†</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4">‡</xref> </title><author><name sortKey="Gillespie, Joseph J" sort="Gillespie, Joseph J" uniqKey="Gillespie J" first="Joseph J." last="Gillespie">Joseph J. Gillespie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brayton, Kelly A" sort="Brayton, Kelly A" uniqKey="Brayton K" first="Kelly A." last="Brayton">Kelly A. Brayton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Kelly P" sort="Williams, Kelly P" uniqKey="Williams K" first="Kelly P." last="Williams">Kelly P. Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quevedo Diaz, Marco A" sort="Quevedo Diaz, Marco A" uniqKey="Quevedo Diaz M" first="Marco A." last="Quevedo Diaz">Marco A. Quevedo Diaz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Wendy C" sort="Brown, Wendy C" uniqKey="Brown W" first="Wendy C." last="Brown">Wendy C. Brown</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azad, Abdu F" sort="Azad, Abdu F" uniqKey="Azad A" first="Abdu F." last="Azad">Abdu F. Azad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sobral, Bruno W" sort="Sobral, Bruno W" uniqKey="Sobral B" first="Bruno W." last="Sobral">Bruno W. Sobral</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Infection and Immunity</title><idno type="ISSN">0019-9567</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5522</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>With an obligate intracellular lifestyle, <italic>Alphaproteobacteria</italic> of the order <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> have inextricably coevolved with their various eukaryotic hosts, resulting in small, reductive genomes and strict dependency on host resources. Unsurprisingly, large portions of <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> genomes encode proteins involved in transport and secretion. One particular transporter that has garnered recent attention from researchers is the type IV secretion system (T4SS). Homologous to the well-studied archetypal <italic>vir</italic> T4SS of <italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</italic>, the <underline><italic>R</italic></underline><italic>ickettsiales</italic> <underline><italic>v</italic></underline><italic>ir</italic> <underline>h</underline>omolog (<italic>rvh</italic>) T4SS is characterized primarily by duplication of several of its genes and scattered genomic distribution of all components in several conserved islets. Phylogeny estimation suggests a single event of ancestral acquirement of the <italic>rvh</italic> T4SS, likely from a nonalphaproteobacterial origin. Bioinformatics analysis of over 30 <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> genome sequences illustrates a conserved core <italic>rvh</italic> scaffold (lacking only a <italic>virB5</italic> homolog), with lineage-specific diversification of several components (<italic>rvhB1</italic>, <italic>rvhB2</italic>, and <italic>rvhB9b</italic>), likely a result of modifications to cell envelope structure. This coevolution of the <italic>rvh</italic> T4SS and cell envelope morphology is probably driven by adaptations to various host cells, identifying the transporter as an important target for vaccine development. Despite the genetic intractability of <italic>Rickettsiales</italic>, recent advancements have been made in the characterization of several components of the <italic>rvh</italic> T4SS, as well as its putative regulators and substrates. While current data favor a role in effector translocation, functions in DNA uptake and release and/or conjugation cannot at present be ruled out, especially considering that a mechanism for plasmid transfer in <italic>Rickettsia</italic> spp. has yet to be proposed.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Infect Immun</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">iai</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Infection and Immunity</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0019-9567</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5522</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology (ASM)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20176788</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2863512</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1384-09</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/IAI.01384-09</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Minireviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Phylogenomics Reveals a Diverse <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> Type IV Secretion System<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3">▿</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">†</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4">‡</xref> </article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gillespie</surname><given-names>Joseph J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brayton</surname><given-names>Kelly A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Williams</surname><given-names>Kelly P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Quevedo Diaz</surname><given-names>Marco A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">¶</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brown</surname><given-names>Wendy C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Azad</surname><given-names>Abdu F.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sobral</surname><given-names>Bruno W.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061,<label>1</label> Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201,<label>2</label> Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-7040<label>3</label></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Corresponding author. Mailing address: HH Room 3-24, 660 West Redwood St., University of Maryland (Baltimore City), Baltimore, MD 21201. Phone: (410) 706-3337. Fax: (410) 706-0282. E-mail: <email>jgille@vbi.vt.edu</email></corresp><fn id="fn1"><label>¶</label><p>Present address: Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic 84345.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>5</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>2</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>22</day><month>2</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on
/art/fm/atl/fn/p. </pmc-comment>
<volume>78</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1809</fpage><lpage>1823</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="zii00510001809.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>With an obligate intracellular lifestyle, <italic>Alphaproteobacteria</italic> of the order <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> have inextricably coevolved with their various eukaryotic hosts, resulting in small, reductive genomes and strict dependency on host resources. Unsurprisingly, large portions of <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> genomes encode proteins involved in transport and secretion. One particular transporter that has garnered recent attention from researchers is the type IV secretion system (T4SS). Homologous to the well-studied archetypal <italic>vir</italic> T4SS of <italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</italic>, the <underline><italic>R</italic></underline><italic>ickettsiales</italic> <underline><italic>v</italic></underline><italic>ir</italic> <underline>h</underline>omolog (<italic>rvh</italic>) T4SS is characterized primarily by duplication of several of its genes and scattered genomic distribution of all components in several conserved islets. Phylogeny estimation suggests a single event of ancestral acquirement of the <italic>rvh</italic> T4SS, likely from a nonalphaproteobacterial origin. Bioinformatics analysis of over 30 <italic>Rickettsiales</italic> genome sequences illustrates a conserved core <italic>rvh</italic> scaffold (lacking only a <italic>virB5</italic> homolog), with lineage-specific diversification of several components (<italic>rvhB1</italic>, <italic>rvhB2</italic>, and <italic>rvhB9b</italic>), likely a result of modifications to cell envelope structure. This coevolution of the <italic>rvh</italic> T4SS and cell envelope morphology is probably driven by adaptations to various host cells, identifying the transporter as an important target for vaccine development. Despite the genetic intractability of <italic>Rickettsiales</italic>, recent advancements have been made in the characterization of several components of the <italic>rvh</italic> T4SS, as well as its putative regulators and substrates. While current data favor a role in effector translocation, functions in DNA uptake and release and/or conjugation cannot at present be ruled out, especially considering that a mechanism for plasmid transfer in <italic>Rickettsia</italic> spp. has yet to be proposed.</p></abstract></article-meta><notes><fn-group><fn><p><italic>Editor:</italic> H. L. Andrews-Polymenis</p></fn></fn-group></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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