Preliminary evidence for reduced cortisol responsivity to psychological stress in women using oral contraceptive medication.
Identifieur interne : 000993 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000992; suivant : 000994Preliminary evidence for reduced cortisol responsivity to psychological stress in women using oral contraceptive medication.
Auteurs : C. Kirschbaum ; K M Pirke ; D H HellhammerSource :
- Psychoneuroendocrinology [ 0306-4530 ] ; 1995.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , adverse effects : Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal.
- chemical , metabolism : Hydrocortisone.
- metabolism : Saliva, Stress, Psychological.
- psychology : Stress, Psychological.
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male.
Abstract
In two studies, saliva cortisol responses to the psychological stress of public speaking and mental arithmetic were investigated in women using oral contraceptives (OC; n = 28) and in control women (n = 29). While no significant differences in baseline levels were observed, altered adrenocortical responses were found in OC users. These women showed significantly attenuated cortisol responses to the experimental stressor in both studies, with peak cortisol levels only slightly elevated above baseline levels. These differences could not be attributed to affective responses as indicated in ratings on visual analogue scales assessing subjective stress responses (Study 2). A comparison between control women and men (n = 19) again revealed the previously reported result of larger cortisol responses to psychological stress in males. We conclude that the use of OC may interfere with the adrenocortical response to psychological stress and should therefore be viewed as an important intervening variable. While it appears that differences at a supra-adrenal site is responsible for the observed cortisol hyporesponsiveness in OC users, the physiological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
PubMed: 7675935
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Preliminary evidence for reduced cortisol responsivity to psychological stress in women using oral contraceptive medication.</title><author><name sortKey="Kirschbaum, C" sort="Kirschbaum, C" uniqKey="Kirschbaum C" first="C" last="Kirschbaum">C. Kirschbaum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Psychobiology and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirke, K M" sort="Pirke, K M" uniqKey="Pirke K" first="K M" last="Pirke">K M Pirke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, D H" sort="Hellhammer, D H" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="D H" last="Hellhammer">D H Hellhammer</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="1995">1995</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:7675935</idno><idno type="pmid">7675935</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000993</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000993</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Preliminary evidence for reduced cortisol responsivity to psychological stress in women using oral contraceptive medication.</title><author><name sortKey="Kirschbaum, C" sort="Kirschbaum, C" uniqKey="Kirschbaum C" first="C" last="Kirschbaum">C. Kirschbaum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Psychobiology and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirke, K M" sort="Pirke, K M" uniqKey="Pirke K" first="K M" last="Pirke">K M Pirke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, D H" sort="Hellhammer, D H" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="D H" last="Hellhammer">D H Hellhammer</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Psychoneuroendocrinology</title><idno type="ISSN">0306-4530</idno><imprint><date when="1995" type="published">1995</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal (adverse effects)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Hydrocortisone (metabolism)</term><term>Male</term><term>Saliva (metabolism)</term><term>Stress, Psychological (metabolism)</term><term>Stress, Psychological (psychology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Hydrocortisone</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Saliva</term><term>Stress, Psychological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Stress, Psychological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In two studies, saliva cortisol responses to the psychological stress of public speaking and mental arithmetic were investigated in women using oral contraceptives (OC; n = 28) and in control women (n = 29). While no significant differences in baseline levels were observed, altered adrenocortical responses were found in OC users. These women showed significantly attenuated cortisol responses to the experimental stressor in both studies, with peak cortisol levels only slightly elevated above baseline levels. These differences could not be attributed to affective responses as indicated in ratings on visual analogue scales assessing subjective stress responses (Study 2). A comparison between control women and men (n = 19) again revealed the previously reported result of larger cortisol responses to psychological stress in males. We conclude that the use of OC may interfere with the adrenocortical response to psychological stress and should therefore be viewed as an important intervening variable. While it appears that differences at a supra-adrenal site is responsible for the observed cortisol hyporesponsiveness in OC users, the physiological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">7675935</PMID><DateCreated><Year>1995</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>1995</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2013</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0306-4530</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>20</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>1995</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Psychoneuroendocrinology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Psychoneuroendocrinology</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Preliminary evidence for reduced cortisol responsivity to psychological stress in women using oral contraceptive medication.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>509-14</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>In two studies, saliva cortisol responses to the psychological stress of public speaking and mental arithmetic were investigated in women using oral contraceptives (OC; n = 28) and in control women (n = 29). While no significant differences in baseline levels were observed, altered adrenocortical responses were found in OC users. These women showed significantly attenuated cortisol responses to the experimental stressor in both studies, with peak cortisol levels only slightly elevated above baseline levels. These differences could not be attributed to affective responses as indicated in ratings on visual analogue scales assessing subjective stress responses (Study 2). A comparison between control women and men (n = 19) again revealed the previously reported result of larger cortisol responses to psychological stress in males. We conclude that the use of OC may interfere with the adrenocortical response to psychological stress and should therefore be viewed as an important intervening variable. While it appears that differences at a supra-adrenal site is responsible for the observed cortisol hyporesponsiveness in OC users, the physiological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kirschbaum</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Psychobiology and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pirke</LastName><ForeName>K M</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hellhammer</LastName><ForeName>D H</ForeName><Initials>DH</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016430">Clinical Trial</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Psychoneuroendocrinology</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7612148</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0306-4530</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D003278">Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>WI4X0X7BPJ</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006854">Hydrocortisone</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CitationSubset>J</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003278" MajorTopicYN="N">Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006854" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydrocortisone</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012463" MajorTopicYN="N">Saliva</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013315" MajorTopicYN="N">Stress, Psychological</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="PIP">109828</OtherID><OtherID Source="POP">00248203</OtherID><OtherAbstract Type="PIP" Language="eng"><AbstractText>At the University of Trier in Germany, psychologists, using data from two studies, compared saliva cortisol responses to psychological stress (5 minutes of public speaking and 5 minutes of mental arithmetic, both in front of an audience) in users of oral contraceptives (OCs) with those of women not using OCs to determine whether OCs affect cortisol levels in women under psychological stress. Controls had a higher increase in cortisol levels than OC users (p = 0.02 in study 1; p = 0.004 in study 2). In fact, peak cortisol levels in OC users were only somewhat higher than baseline levels. The subjective rating of having been nervous had a significant positive correlation with cortisol response (p = 0.018), but there was no significant association with other subjective ratings (e.g., having control over the situation). Thus, affective responses did not explain the difference in cortisol levels between OC users and women controls. When the researchers compared cortisol responses to psychological stress between female and male controls, men had a significantly greater response than women (p = 0.04). This finding confirmed the findings of an earlier report that men have greater cortisol responses to stress than women. These findings show that OCs weaken the cortisol response to psychological stress. Based on these findings and those of other studies, the authors hypothesize that OCs cause changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Thus, estrogen-containing drugs may in the future become a prolonged treatment of supra-adrenal stimulation. The actual physiological mechanisms must be defined first, however.</AbstractText></OtherAbstract><KeywordList Owner="PIP"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Adrenal Cortex Hormones</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Behavior</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Biology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Case Control Studies</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Comparative Studies</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Contraception</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Contraceptive Methods</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Developed Countries</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Endocrine System</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Europe</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Family Planning</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Germany</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hormones</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Oral Contraceptives</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Physiology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Psychological Factors</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Research Methodology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Research Report</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Stress--men</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Stress--women</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Studies</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Western Europe</Keyword></KeywordList><GeneralNote Owner="PIP">TJ: PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY.</GeneralNote></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>1995</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>1995</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>1995</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">7675935</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">030645309400078O</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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