Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity: An Original Perspective on the Genus Aeromonas
Identifieur interne : 000221 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000220; suivant : 000222Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity: An Original Perspective on the Genus Aeromonas
Auteurs : Frédéric Roger [France] ; Brigitte Lamy [France] ; Estelle Jumas-Bilak [France] ; Angeli Kodjo [France] ; Hélène Marchandin [France]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
16S rRNA gene (
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046268
PubMed: 23032081
PubMed Central: 3459834
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity: An Original Perspective on the Genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Roger, Frederic" sort="Roger, Frederic" uniqKey="Roger F" first="Frédéric" last="Roger">Frédéric Roger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamy, Brigitte" sort="Lamy, Brigitte" uniqKey="Lamy B" first="Brigitte" last="Lamy">Brigitte Lamy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Groupe d’Etude Français des<italic>Aeromonas</italic> (GFA), Lyon, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jumas Bilak, Estelle" sort="Jumas Bilak, Estelle" uniqKey="Jumas Bilak E" first="Estelle" last="Jumas-Bilak">Estelle Jumas-Bilak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Laboratoire d’Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d’Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kodjo, Angeli" sort="Kodjo, Angeli" uniqKey="Kodjo A" first="Angeli" last="Kodjo">Angeli Kodjo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Groupe d’Etude Français des<italic>Aeromonas</italic> (GFA), Lyon, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie microbienne, VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Marcy-l’Étoile, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie microbienne, VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Marcy-l’Étoile</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marchandin, Helene" sort="Marchandin, Helene" uniqKey="Marchandin H" first="Hélène" last="Marchandin">Hélène Marchandin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23032081</idno><idno type="pmc">3459834</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3459834</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3459834</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0046268</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000223</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000221</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity: An Original Perspective on the Genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Roger, Frederic" sort="Roger, Frederic" uniqKey="Roger F" first="Frédéric" last="Roger">Frédéric Roger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamy, Brigitte" sort="Lamy, Brigitte" uniqKey="Lamy B" first="Brigitte" last="Lamy">Brigitte Lamy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Groupe d’Etude Français des<italic>Aeromonas</italic> (GFA), Lyon, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jumas Bilak, Estelle" sort="Jumas Bilak, Estelle" uniqKey="Jumas Bilak E" first="Estelle" last="Jumas-Bilak">Estelle Jumas-Bilak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Laboratoire d’Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d’Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kodjo, Angeli" sort="Kodjo, Angeli" uniqKey="Kodjo A" first="Angeli" last="Kodjo">Angeli Kodjo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Groupe d’Etude Français des<italic>Aeromonas</italic> (GFA), Lyon, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie microbienne, VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Marcy-l’Étoile, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie microbienne, VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Marcy-l’Étoile</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marchandin, Helene" sort="Marchandin, Helene" uniqKey="Marchandin H" first="Hélène" last="Marchandin">Hélène Marchandin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>16S rRNA gene (<italic>rrs</italic>) is considered of low taxonomic interest in the genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic>. Here, 195 <italic>Aeromonas</italic> strains belonging to populations structured by multilocus phylogeny were studied using an original approach that considered Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity. This approach associated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to assess <italic>rrn</italic> operon number and distribution across the chromosome and PCR-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis (TTGE) to assess <italic>rrs</italic> V3 region heterogeneity. Aeromonads harbored 8 to 11 <italic>rrn</italic> operons, 10 operons being observed in more than 92% of the strains. Intraspecific variability was low or nul except for <italic>A. salmonicida</italic> and <italic>A. aquariorum</italic> suggesting that large chromosomic rearrangements might occur in these two species while being extremely rarely encountered in the evolution of other taxa. <italic>rrn</italic> operon number at 8 as well as PFGE patterns were shown valuable for taxonomic purpose allowing resolution of species complexes. PCR-TTGE revealed a high rate of strains (41.5%) displaying intragenomic <italic>rrs</italic> heterogeneity. Strains isolated from human samples more frequently displayed intragenomic heterogeneity than strains recovered from non-human and environmental specimens. Intraspecific variability ranged from 0 to 76.5% of the strains. The observation of species-specific TTGE bands, the recovery of identical V3 regions in different species and the variability of intragenomic heterogeneity (1–13 divergent nucleotides) supported the occurrence of mutations and horizontal transfer in aeromonad <italic>rrs</italic> evolution. Altogether, the presence of a high number of <italic>rrn</italic> operon, the high proportion of strains harboring divergent <italic>rrs</italic> V3 region and the previously demonstrated high level of genetic diversity argued in favor of highly adaptative capabilities of aeromonads. Outstanding features observed for <italic>A. caviae</italic> supported the ongoing process of adaptation to a specialized niche represented by the gut, previously hypothesized. 16S rRNA gene is an informative marker in the genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic> for both evolutionary and polyphasic taxonomic studies provided that multi-operon fingerprinting approaches are used.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martinez Murcia, Aj" uniqKey="Martinez Murcia A">AJ Martínez-Murcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benlloch, S" uniqKey="Benlloch S">S Benlloch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Collins, Md" uniqKey="Collins M">MD Collins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alperi, A" uniqKey="Alperi A">A Alperi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Murcia, Aj" uniqKey="Martinez Murcia A">AJ Martínez-Murcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, Wc" uniqKey="Ko 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23032081</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3459834</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-12-15287</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0046268</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Systematics</subject><subj-group><subject>Taxonomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Taxonomy</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Organismal Evolution</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Evolution</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Bacterial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Gram Negative</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Bacteriology</subject><subj-group><subject>Bacterial Taxonomy</subject><subject>Bacterial Evolution</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Bacterial Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Aeromonas Hydrophila</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity: An Original Perspective on the Genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic></article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity in <italic>Aeromonas</italic> spp.</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Roger</surname><given-names>Frédéric</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lamy</surname><given-names>Brigitte</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jumas-Bilak</surname><given-names>Estelle</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kodjo</surname><given-names>Angeli</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>the colBVH study group<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>F.</surname><given-names>Carmagnol</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Cannes</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>E.</surname><given-names>Chachaty</given-names></name><aff>Institut Gustave Roussy</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Alba-Sauviat</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Chaumont</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Auvray</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Charleville-Mézières</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>D.</surname><given-names>Barraud</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Z.</surname><given-names>Benseddik</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Chartres</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Bertrou</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Carcassone</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>F.</surname><given-names>Bessis</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Cherbourg</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>H.</surname><given-names>Biessy</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de La Rochelle</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>V.</surname><given-names>Blanc</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier d’Antibes-Juan-les-pins</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Y.</surname><given-names>Boucaud-Maitre</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier Saint Joseph-Saint Luc, Lyon</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>P.</surname><given-names>Brunet</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Michel</given-names></name><aff>Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>B.</surname><given-names>Cancet</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Villeneuve/Lot</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J.</surname><given-names>Carrere</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Hyères</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Cecille</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Digne-les-bains</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>G.</surname><given-names>Chambreuil</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de La Roche/Yon</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>P.</surname><given-names>Chantelat</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Vesoul</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>H.</surname><given-names>Chardon</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier d’Aix-en-Provence</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Charrel</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Salon de Provence</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>H.</surname><given-names>De Montclos</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Bourg-en-Bresse</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J.W.</surname><given-names>Decousser</given-names></name><aff>Hôpital Antoine Beclère, Paris</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J. M.</surname><given-names>Delarbre</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Gravet</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Mulhouse</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>D.</surname><given-names>Deligne</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Remiremont</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Denoix</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J.</surname><given-names>Deregnaucourt</given-names></name><aff>Hôpital Léopold Bellan, Paris</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>F.</surname><given-names>Desroys du Roure</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Chatellerault</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>S.</surname><given-names>Dubourdieu</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Gisors</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Z.</surname><given-names>El Harrif</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Libourne</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Eloy</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Troyes</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Evers</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Annonay</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Febvre</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Montbéliard</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>D.</surname><given-names>Fevre</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Vienne</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>S.</surname><given-names>Gabriel</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>M. 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G.</surname><given-names>Paul</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Boulogne/mer</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J. M.</surname><given-names>Perez</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>P.</surname><given-names>Pouedras</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Vannes</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>D.</surname><given-names>Pressac</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Tulle</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>R.</surname><given-names>Sanchez</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Périgueux</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Y.</surname><given-names>Scat</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Pontivy</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Secher</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Dreux</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J.</surname><given-names>Semon</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Chalon-sur-Saone</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>D.</surname><given-names>Simeon</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Langres</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Simonin</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Macon</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J. P.</surname><given-names>Thellier</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Château-Thierry</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>B.</surname><given-names>Tourand</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier d’Alès</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Vachée</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Roubaix</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>C.</surname><given-names>Varache</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier du Mans</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>J.</surname><given-names>Vaucel</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Brieux</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A. C.</surname><given-names>Vautrin</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>A.</surname><given-names>Verhaeghe</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier de Dunkerke</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>M.</surname><given-names>Villemain</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier d’Aurillac</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>L.</surname><given-names>Villeneuve</given-names></name><aff>Centre Hospitalier d’Aubagne</aff></contrib></contrib-group></collab><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1"><sup>¶</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marchandin</surname><given-names>Hélène</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Equipe Pathogènes et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Groupe d’Etude Français des<italic>Aeromonas</italic> (GFA), Lyon, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Laboratoire d’Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><addr-line>CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie microbienne, VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Marcy-l’Étoile, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><addr-line>ColBVH, Collège de bactériologie, virologie et hygiène des hôpitaux généraux, le Chesnay, France</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Rodriguez-Valera</surname><given-names>Francisco</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Spain</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn id="fn1" fn-type="other"><p>¶ For a full list of the members of the colBVH study group please see the Acknowledgments section.</p></fn><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>helene.marchandin@univ-montp1.fr</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: BL EJB HM. Performed the experiments: FR. Analyzed the data: FR EJB HM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: BL AK colBVH. Wrote the paper: HM. Performed statistical analyses: BL. Critically revised the manuscript: EJB BL.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>9</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ecorrected"><day>02
</day><month>10</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>9</issue><elocation-id>e46268</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>22</day><month>5</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>28</day><month>8</month><year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Roger et al</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>16S rRNA gene (<italic>rrs</italic>) is considered of low taxonomic interest in the genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic>. Here, 195 <italic>Aeromonas</italic> strains belonging to populations structured by multilocus phylogeny were studied using an original approach that considered Ribosomal Multi-Operon Diversity. This approach associated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to assess <italic>rrn</italic> operon number and distribution across the chromosome and PCR-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis (TTGE) to assess <italic>rrs</italic> V3 region heterogeneity. Aeromonads harbored 8 to 11 <italic>rrn</italic> operons, 10 operons being observed in more than 92% of the strains. Intraspecific variability was low or nul except for <italic>A. salmonicida</italic> and <italic>A. aquariorum</italic> suggesting that large chromosomic rearrangements might occur in these two species while being extremely rarely encountered in the evolution of other taxa. <italic>rrn</italic> operon number at 8 as well as PFGE patterns were shown valuable for taxonomic purpose allowing resolution of species complexes. PCR-TTGE revealed a high rate of strains (41.5%) displaying intragenomic <italic>rrs</italic> heterogeneity. Strains isolated from human samples more frequently displayed intragenomic heterogeneity than strains recovered from non-human and environmental specimens. Intraspecific variability ranged from 0 to 76.5% of the strains. The observation of species-specific TTGE bands, the recovery of identical V3 regions in different species and the variability of intragenomic heterogeneity (1–13 divergent nucleotides) supported the occurrence of mutations and horizontal transfer in aeromonad <italic>rrs</italic> evolution. Altogether, the presence of a high number of <italic>rrn</italic> operon, the high proportion of strains harboring divergent <italic>rrs</italic> V3 region and the previously demonstrated high level of genetic diversity argued in favor of highly adaptative capabilities of aeromonads. Outstanding features observed for <italic>A. caviae</italic> supported the ongoing process of adaptation to a specialized niche represented by the gut, previously hypothesized. 16S rRNA gene is an informative marker in the genus <italic>Aeromonas</italic> for both evolutionary and polyphasic taxonomic studies provided that multi-operon fingerprinting approaches are used.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was supported by the Association des Biologistes de l’Ouest and by ADEREMPHA (Association pour la Recherche et le Développement en Microbiologique & Pharmacie). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="12"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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