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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Frequency and cost of serious adverse drug reactions in a department of general medicine</title>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Nicholas" sort="Moore, Nicholas" uniqKey="Moore N" first="Nicholas" last="Moore">Nicholas Moore</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au1"><institution>Department of Pharmacology, Université V. SEGALEN, CHU de Bordeaux</institution>
<addr-line>33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lecointre, Dominique" sort="Lecointre, Dominique" uniqKey="Lecointre D" first="Dominique" last="Lecointre">Dominique Lecointre</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au3"><institution>Service de Médecine Interne, CHG du Havre</institution>
<addr-line>76100 Le Havre, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noblet, Catherine" sort="Noblet, Catherine" uniqKey="Noblet C" first="Catherine" last="Noblet">Catherine Noblet</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au2"><institution>Department of Pharmacology, CHU de Rouen</institution>
<addr-line>76031 Rouen Cedex, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mabille, Michel" sort="Mabille, Michel" uniqKey="Mabille M" first="Michel" last="Mabille">Michel Mabille</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au3"><institution>Service de Médecine Interne, CHG du Havre</institution>
<addr-line>76100 Le Havre, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">9517375</idno>
<idno type="pmc">1873369</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1873369</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:1873369</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00667.x</idno>
<date when="1998">1998</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000181</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Frequency and cost of serious adverse drug reactions in a department of general medicine</title>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Nicholas" sort="Moore, Nicholas" uniqKey="Moore N" first="Nicholas" last="Moore">Nicholas Moore</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au1"><institution>Department of Pharmacology, Université V. SEGALEN, CHU de Bordeaux</institution>
<addr-line>33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lecointre, Dominique" sort="Lecointre, Dominique" uniqKey="Lecointre D" first="Dominique" last="Lecointre">Dominique Lecointre</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au3"><institution>Service de Médecine Interne, CHG du Havre</institution>
<addr-line>76100 Le Havre, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noblet, Catherine" sort="Noblet, Catherine" uniqKey="Noblet C" first="Catherine" last="Noblet">Catherine Noblet</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au2"><institution>Department of Pharmacology, CHU de Rouen</institution>
<addr-line>76031 Rouen Cedex, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mabille, Michel" sort="Mabille, Michel" uniqKey="Mabille M" first="Michel" last="Mabille">Michel Mabille</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="au3"><institution>Service de Médecine Interne, CHG du Havre</institution>
<addr-line>76100 Le Havre, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0306-5251</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1365-2125</idno>
<imprint><date when="1998">1998</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aims</title>
<p>To assess the frequency and cost of drug reactions causing or prolonging hospitalization.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods"><title>Methods</title>
<p>All patients admitted to an internal medicine ward over 6 months were evaluated to identify serious adverse reactions. The number of drug classes on admission or at the time of the adverse drug reaction (ADR) was counted. Excess ADR-related hospital stay was computed using a) raw excess duration of hospital stay, b) correction of duration of hospital stay by age, sex, and number of drug classes, and c) estimation by investigator of excess hospital stay.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Three hundred and twenty-nine patients were evaluated: 212 male, 117 female, mean age 57.2 (males: 52.2, females: 66.2 (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.05)), range 17–95 years. They stayed a total of 3720 hospital days (mean stay 11.3 days). 298 had no ADR (mean age 55.8, taking a mean of 2.7 drug classes, 10.7 days hospital stay); 31 had ADRs: in 10, the ADR caused admission in patients with a mean age of 84 (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.01 <italic>vs</italic>
the two other groups), taking 6.3 drug classes, who stayed a mean of 15.1 days; 21 occurred in hospital in patients with a mean age of 63.6, taking 4.2 drug classes (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.01), who stayed a mean of 19.2 days (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.01 <italic>vs</italic>
patients without ADRs). In four the ADR was fatal (13% of ADRs, 40% of deaths). Raw ADR-related excess hospital stay was 318 days (8.6% of all hospital days), after multivariate correction 282 days (7.6% of all hospital days), and with investigator estimation 197 days (5.3% of all hospital days). Point prevalence of ADRs at admission was 3%, incidence rate in hospital was 5.6/1000 patient-days.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>3% of the admissions were related to ADRs. In addition, 6.6% of hospitalized patients had significant ADRs. Between 5 and 9% of hospital costs were related to ADRs. In 24 of the 31 patients with ADRs (77%), these were related to the pharmacological properties of the involved drugs, and may possibly have been avoidable.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Br J Clin Pharmacol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bcp</journal-id>
<journal-title>British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology</journal-title>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0306-5251</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1365-2125</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Blackwell Science Inc</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">9517375</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1873369</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00667.x</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Frequency and cost of serious adverse drug reactions in a department of general medicine</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moore</surname>
<given-names>Nicholas</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="au1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lecointre</surname>
<given-names>Dominique</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="au3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Noblet</surname>
<given-names>Catherine</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="au2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mabille</surname>
<given-names>Michel</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="au3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="au1"><label>1</label>
<institution>Department of Pharmacology, Université V. SEGALEN, CHU de Bordeaux</institution>
<addr-line>33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="au2"><label>2</label>
<institution>Department of Pharmacology, CHU de Rouen</institution>
<addr-line>76031 Rouen Cedex, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="au3"><label>3</label>
<institution>Service de Médecine Interne, CHG du Havre</institution>
<addr-line>76100 Le Havre, France</addr-line>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><italic>Correspondence:</italic>
Dr N. Moore, Department of Pharmacology, Université Victor Segalen—Bordeaux II, Zone Nord Bat 1A, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month>
<year>1998</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>45</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>301</fpage>
<lpage>308</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>07</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>1997</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>22</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>1997</year>
</date>
</history>
<copyright-statement>© 1998 Blackwell Science Ltd</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>1998</copyright-year>
<abstract><sec><title>Aims</title>
<p>To assess the frequency and cost of drug reactions causing or prolonging hospitalization.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods"><title>Methods</title>
<p>All patients admitted to an internal medicine ward over 6 months were evaluated to identify serious adverse reactions. The number of drug classes on admission or at the time of the adverse drug reaction (ADR) was counted. Excess ADR-related hospital stay was computed using a) raw excess duration of hospital stay, b) correction of duration of hospital stay by age, sex, and number of drug classes, and c) estimation by investigator of excess hospital stay.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Three hundred and twenty-nine patients were evaluated: 212 male, 117 female, mean age 57.2 (males: 52.2, females: 66.2 (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.05)), range 17–95 years. They stayed a total of 3720 hospital days (mean stay 11.3 days). 298 had no ADR (mean age 55.8, taking a mean of 2.7 drug classes, 10.7 days hospital stay); 31 had ADRs: in 10, the ADR caused admission in patients with a mean age of 84 (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.01 <italic>vs</italic>
the two other groups), taking 6.3 drug classes, who stayed a mean of 15.1 days; 21 occurred in hospital in patients with a mean age of 63.6, taking 4.2 drug classes (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.01), who stayed a mean of 19.2 days (<italic>P</italic>
< 0.01 <italic>vs</italic>
patients without ADRs). In four the ADR was fatal (13% of ADRs, 40% of deaths). Raw ADR-related excess hospital stay was 318 days (8.6% of all hospital days), after multivariate correction 282 days (7.6% of all hospital days), and with investigator estimation 197 days (5.3% of all hospital days). Point prevalence of ADRs at admission was 3%, incidence rate in hospital was 5.6/1000 patient-days.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>3% of the admissions were related to ADRs. In addition, 6.6% of hospitalized patients had significant ADRs. Between 5 and 9% of hospital costs were related to ADRs. In 24 of the 31 patients with ADRs (77%), these were related to the pharmacological properties of the involved drugs, and may possibly have been avoidable.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>adverse drug reactions</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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