Ulster connections with Nelson and Trafalgar
Identifieur interne : 000127 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000126; suivant : 000128Ulster connections with Nelson and Trafalgar
Auteurs : Rsj ClarkSource :
- The Ulster Medical Journal [ 0041-6193 ] ; 2006.
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PubMed: 16457409
PubMed Central: 1891793
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Ulster connections with Nelson and Trafalgar</title><author><name sortKey="Clark, Rsj" sort="Clark, Rsj" uniqKey="Clark R" first="Rsj" last="Clark">Rsj Clark</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">16457409</idno><idno type="pmc">1891793</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1891793</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:1891793</idno><date when="2006">2006</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000153</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000151</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000127</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Ulster connections with Nelson and Trafalgar</title><author><name sortKey="Clark, Rsj" sort="Clark, Rsj" uniqKey="Clark R" first="Rsj" last="Clark">Rsj Clark</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Ulster Medical Journal</title><idno type="ISSN">0041-6193</idno><imprint><date when="2006">2006</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clarke, Rsj" uniqKey="Clarke R">RSJ Clarke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peterkin, A" uniqKey="Peterkin A">A Peterkin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnston, W" uniqKey="Johnston W">W Johnston</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Crawford, Dg" uniqKey="Crawford D">DG Crawford</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pappalardo, B" uniqKey="Pappalardo B">B Pappalardo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Allison, Rs" uniqKey="Allison R">RS Allison</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Sa" uniqKey="Hawkins S">SA Hawkins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keevil, Jj" uniqKey="Keevil J">JJ Keevil</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Widdess, Jdh" uniqKey="Widdess J">JDH Widdess</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clippingdale, Sd" uniqKey="Clippingdale S">SD Clippingdale</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cameron, Ca" uniqKey="Cameron C">CA Cameron</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harvie, Di" uniqKey="Harvie D">DI Harvie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Malcolm, A" uniqKey="Malcolm A">A Malcolm</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Froggatt, P" uniqKey="Froggatt P">P Froggatt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="other"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Ulster Med J</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Ulster Medical Journal</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0041-6193</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Ulster Medical Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">16457409</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1891793</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Medical History</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ulster connections with Nelson and Trafalgar</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Clark</surname><given-names>RSJ</given-names></name><role>Honorary Archivist, Royal Victoria Hospital</role><aff><institution>Office of Archives, Ground Floor, King Edward Building, Royal Victoria Hospital</institution><addr-line>Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA</addr-line></aff></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence to Prof Clarke Email: <email>Richard.clarke@royalhospitals.n-i.nhs.uk</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>75</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2005</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Ulster Medical Society, 2006</copyright-statement></permissions></article-meta></front><sub-article id="d31e525" article-type="other"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Ulster Med J</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Ulster Medical Journal</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0041-6193</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Ulster Medical Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Bmjlearning.com</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>If at first you don't succeed … sue</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Walsh</surname><given-names>Kieran</given-names></name><role>Clinical Editor, BMJ Learning</role></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>(<email>bmjlearning@bmjgroup.com</email>)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>75</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Ulster Medical Society, 2006</copyright-statement></permissions></article-meta></front><body><p>In times past if you failed an exam at medical school you had a “long dark tea time of the soul.” You asked yourself why you spent all that time in the college bar, the snooker hall, or in classical civilisation lectures. You vowed not to leave it all to the last minute for the repeats. But these days—in the United States at least—if you don't succeed you can always sue.</p><p>Firstly, you and your lawyers can look at the validity of the exam. If you pass the exam does that mean that that you're ready to work as a doctor? If you fail does that mean that you're not ready? If the answer to either of these questions is no then you may have a case. For example, if many of the questions in the final medical exam test knowledge of basic sciences then the exam may not be a valid test. A doctor may not know the ins and outs of the Krebs cycle, but he or she may still be able to give sensible and evidence based dietary advice to patients. And what about reliability? Test-retest reliability is a good place to start. How many students who passed their final exams in May would still pass them if they were taken again in September? If large numbers of your students would fail in September, then your exam is not reliable and your students are probably crammers.</p><p>So if you are setting an exam, how do you avoid these pitfalls? Firstly, make sure that the exam tests what it's supposed to test. If it is a test of whether candidates would make good general physicians then ensure that the questions deal with common medical problems that would be seen on an average take. So most of the questions should be on chronic bronchitis rather than porphyria, and they should test candidates' knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of chronic bronchitis rather than its pathophysiology or epidemiology. And if you want to stop the crammers concentrate on continual assessment rather than a single high-stakes exam at the end. It is strange that some people are calling for doctors to do an exam to stay on the medical register when universities are increasingly realising that the best way of deciding who should get on the register is by regular assessment.</p><p>At BMJ Learning we offer formative assessment; it doesn't count towards an exam or a degree, and you can repeat the modules as often as you like. One of our most recent modules is on the diagnosis and treatment of common skin tumours in primary care. It is weak on paraneoplastic pemphigus but strong on basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. There is little hard evidence on the effectiveness or otherwise of online learning in medicine, but one of the few areas where online learning has been shown to be effective is in dermatology and more specifically in the early detection of skin cancer.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b16">1</xref> You are welcome to have a look at our module on <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.bmjlearning.com"></ext-link>.</p></body><back><ref-list><ref id="b16"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Harris</surname><given-names>JM</given-names><suffix>Jr</suffix></name><name><surname>Salasche</surname><given-names>SJ</given-names></name><name><surname>Harris</surname><given-names>RB</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Can internet-based continuing medical education improve physicians' skin cancer knowledge and skills?</article-title><source>J Gen Intern Med</source><year>2001</year><volume>16</volume><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>6</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11251750</pub-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></sub-article></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Clark, Rsj" sort="Clark, Rsj" uniqKey="Clark R" first="Rsj" last="Clark">Rsj Clark</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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