LeHavreV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000386

The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc

Identifieur interne : 000386 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000385; suivant : 000387

The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc

Auteurs : T. J. Worthington ; M. R. Gregory ; V. Bondarenko

Source :

Journal of volcanology and geothermal research [ 0377-0273 ] ; 1999.

RBID : Pascal:99-0387519

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Arc insulaire, Arc insulaire Tonga, Iles Kermadec, Caldeira, Dacite, Levé géophysique, Effondrement, Eruption, Téphra, Retombée, Cendre volcanique, Pyroclastite, Ponce, Coulée pyroclastique, Analyse chimique, Ile Raoul, Dimension, Morphologie volcan, Erosion, Roche volcanoclastique, Volume, Ejecta, Quaternaire, Linéament, Activité hydrothermale, Tectonique extension, Rift, Champ contrainte.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Kermadec Islands, Quaternary, Raoul Island, Tonga island arc, calderas, chemical analysis, collapse, dacites, dimensions, ejecta, erosion, eruptions, extension tectonics, fallout, geophysical surveys, hydrothermal activity, island arcs, lineaments, pumice, pyroclastic flows, pyroclastics, rift zones, stress fields, tephra, volcanic ash, volcaniclastics, volcano features, volume.

Abstract

Denham Caldera, on Raoul Volcano in the Tonga-Kermadec arc, is a simple collapse structure. It is 6.5 X 4 km² across, > 0.3 km deep, represents an erupted magma volume of 8-16 km³, and is considerably larger than previously estimated. Caldera formation was contemporaneous with an eruption of homogeneous dacitic magma at 2.2 ka. Tephra from this event is preserved as a pumice fall pyroclastic flow sequence up to 120 m thick on Raoul Island. Offshore, this sequence forms a submarine deposit diminishing in thickness from 120 m near the northern caldera rim to 80 m at a distance of 3.5 km, where it rests upon an erosional planation surface of 17-20 ka age incised into older volcaniclastic rocks. Both the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the 2.2 ka eruption are comparable to the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Resurgent volcanism has built at least six submarine pyroclastic cones along a north-northeast trending lineament crossing Denham Caldera. Redistribution of pumiceous dacite from these cones, including ephemeral islands that emerged during the 1814 and 1870 eruptions, has contributed to recent shoaling in Denham Bay. A smaller eruption occurred in 1964-65, and hydrothermal activity persists at several sites along the lineament. Voluminous felsic volcanism at intra-oceanic arcs is usually associated with crustal extension, and was unexpected in the Tonga-Kermadec arc. However, because the tectonic fabric within the active back-arc Havre Trough is oblique to the Kermadec arc, rifts within the trough apparently propagate to the volcanic front and transfer extensional strain to the arc, thereby promoting the ascent of felsic magma. The orientation of Denham Caldera, as well as that of Macanley Caldera 110 km further south, thus reflect the stress field of the Havre Trough and not the predominant field of the arc.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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A11	`01`	`1`		`@1 WORTHINGTON (T. J.)`
A11	`02`	`1`		`@1 GREGORY (M. R.)`
A11	`03`	`1`		`@1 BONDARENKO (V.)`
A14	`01`			`@1 Department of Geology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019 @2 Auckland @3 NZL @Z 1 aut. @Z 2 aut.`
A14	`02`			`@1 Institute of Volcanology @2 Petropavlovsk, Kamchatsky @3 RUS @Z 3 aut.`
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C01	`01`		`ENG`	@0 Denham Caldera, on Raoul Volcano in the Tonga-Kermadec arc, is a simple collapse structure. It is 6.5 X 4 km² across, > 0.3 km deep, represents an erupted magma volume of 8-16 km³, and is considerably larger than previously estimated. Caldera formation was contemporaneous with an eruption of homogeneous dacitic magma at 2.2 ka. Tephra from this event is preserved as a pumice fall pyroclastic flow sequence up to 120 m thick on Raoul Island. Offshore, this sequence forms a submarine deposit diminishing in thickness from 120 m near the northern caldera rim to 80 m at a distance of 3.5 km, where it rests upon an erosional planation surface of 17-20 ka age incised into older volcaniclastic rocks. Both the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the 2.2 ka eruption are comparable to the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Resurgent volcanism has built at least six submarine pyroclastic cones along a north-northeast trending lineament crossing Denham Caldera. Redistribution of pumiceous dacite from these cones, including ephemeral islands that emerged during the 1814 and 1870 eruptions, has contributed to recent shoaling in Denham Bay. A smaller eruption occurred in 1964-65, and hydrothermal activity persists at several sites along the lineament. Voluminous felsic volcanism at intra-oceanic arcs is usually associated with crustal extension, and was unexpected in the Tonga-Kermadec arc. However, because the tectonic fabric within the active back-arc Havre Trough is oblique to the Kermadec arc, rifts within the trough apparently propagate to the volcanic front and transfer extensional strain to the arc, thereby promoting the ascent of felsic magma. The orientation of Denham Caldera, as well as that of Macanley Caldera 110 km further south, thus reflect the stress field of the Havre Trough and not the predominant field of the arc.
C02	`01`	`2`		`@0 222A01`
C02	`02`	`2`		`@0 220B03`
C02	`03`	`X`		`@0 001E01F01`
C02	`04`	`X`		`@0 001E01B03`
C03	`01`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Arc insulaire @5 01`
C03	`01`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 island arcs @5 01`
C03	`01`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Arco insular @5 01`
C03	`02`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Arc insulaire Tonga @2 NG @5 02`
C03	`02`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Tonga island arc @2 NG @5 02`
C03	`03`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Iles Kermadec @2 NG @5 03`
C03	`03`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Kermadec Islands @2 NG @5 03`
C03	`03`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Islas Kermadec @2 NG @5 03`
C03	`04`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Caldeira @5 04`
C03	`04`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 calderas @5 04`
C03	`04`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Caldera @5 04`
C03	`05`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Dacite @2 NV @5 05`
C03	`05`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 dacites @2 NV @5 05`
C03	`05`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Dacita @2 NV @5 05`
C03	`06`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Levé géophysique @5 06`
C03	`06`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 geophysical surveys @5 06`
C03	`06`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Levantamiento geofísico @5 06`
C03	`07`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Effondrement @5 07`
C03	`07`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 collapse @5 07`
C03	`08`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Eruption @5 08`
C03	`08`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 eruptions @5 08`
C03	`08`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Erupción @5 08`
C03	`09`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Téphra @5 09`
C03	`09`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 tephra @5 09`
C03	`10`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Retombée @5 10`
C03	`10`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 fallout @5 10`
C03	`10`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Lluvia radioactiva @5 10`
C03	`11`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Cendre volcanique @5 11`
C03	`11`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 volcanic ash @5 11`
C03	`11`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Ceniza volcánica @5 11`
C03	`12`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Pyroclastite @2 NV @5 12`
C03	`12`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 pyroclastics @2 NV @5 12`
C03	`13`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Ponce @2 NV @5 13`
C03	`13`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 pumice @2 NV @5 13`
C03	`13`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Piedra pómez @2 NV @5 13`
C03	`14`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Coulée pyroclastique @5 14`
C03	`14`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 pyroclastic flows @5 14`
C03	`15`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Analyse chimique @5 15`
C03	`15`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 chemical analysis @5 15`
C03	`15`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Análisis químico @5 15`
C03	`16`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Ile Raoul @2 NG @5 17`
C03	`16`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Raoul Island @2 NG @5 17`
C03	`16`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Isla Raoul @2 NG @5 17`
C03	`17`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Dimension @5 18`
C03	`17`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 dimensions @5 18`
C03	`17`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Dimensión @5 18`
C03	`18`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Morphologie volcan @5 19`
C03	`18`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 volcano features @5 19`
C03	`18`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Morfología volcán @5 19`
C03	`19`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Erosion @5 21`
C03	`19`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 erosion @5 21`
C03	`19`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Erosión @5 21`
C03	`20`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Roche volcanoclastique @5 22`
C03	`20`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 volcaniclastics @5 22`
C03	`21`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Volume @5 23`
C03	`21`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 volume @5 23`
C03	`21`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Volumen @5 23`
C03	`22`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Ejecta @5 24`
C03	`22`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 ejecta @5 24`
C03	`23`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Quaternaire @2 NX @5 25`
C03	`23`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Quaternary @2 NX @5 25`
C03	`23`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Cuaternario @2 NX @5 25`
C03	`24`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Linéament @5 61`
C03	`24`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 lineaments @5 61`
C03	`24`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Lineamento @5 61`
C03	`25`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Activité hydrothermale @5 62`
C03	`25`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 hydrothermal activity @5 62`
C03	`26`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Tectonique extension @5 63`
C03	`26`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 extension tectonics @5 63`
C03	`27`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Rift @5 64`
C03	`27`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 rift zones @5 64`
C03	`27`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Rift @5 64`
C03	`28`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Champ contrainte @5 65`
C03	`28`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 stress fields @5 65`
C03	`28`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Campo tensión @5 65`
C06				`@0 ILS @0 TAS @0 AN`
C07	`01`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Polynésie @2 NG`
C07	`01`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Polynesia @2 NG`
C07	`01`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Polinesia @2 NG`
C07	`02`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Océanie`
C07	`02`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Oceania`
C07	`02`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Oceania`
C07	`03`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Iles Océan Pacifique Ouest @2 NG`
C07	`03`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 West Pacific Ocean Islands @2 NG`
C07	`04`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Océan Pacifique Ouest @2 NG`
C07	`04`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 West Pacific @2 NG`
C07	`05`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Océan Pacifique`
C07	`05`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Pacific Ocean`
C07	`05`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Océano Pacífico`
C07	`06`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Roche volcanique @2 NV`
C07	`06`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 volcanic rocks @2 NV`
C07	`06`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Roca volcánica @2 NV`
C07	`07`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Roche ignée`
C07	`07`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 igneous rocks`
C07	`07`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Roca ignea`
C07	`08`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Cénozoïque @2 NX`
C07	`08`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Cenozoic @2 NX`
C07	`08`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Cenozoico @2 NX`
C07	`09`	`2`	`FRE`	`@0 Phanérozoïque`
C07	`09`	`2`	`ENG`	`@0 Phanerozoic`
C07	`09`	`2`	`SPA`	`@0 Fanerozoico`
N21				`@1 249`

Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 99-0387519 INIST
ET :	The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc
AU :	WORTHINGTON (T. J.); GREGORY (M. R.); BONDARENKO (V.)
AF :	Department of Geology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019/Auckland/Nouvelle-Zélande (1 aut., 2 aut.); Institute of Volcanology/Petropavlovsk, Kamchatsky/Russie (3 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	Journal of volcanology and geothermal research; ISSN 0377-0273; Coden JVGRDQ; Pays-Bas; Da. 1999; Vol. 90; No. 1-2; Pp. 29-48; Bibl. 1 p.1/2
LA :	Anglais
EA :	Denham Caldera, on Raoul Volcano in the Tonga-Kermadec arc, is a simple collapse structure. It is 6.5 X 4 km² across, > 0.3 km deep, represents an erupted magma volume of 8-16 km³, and is considerably larger than previously estimated. Caldera formation was contemporaneous with an eruption of homogeneous dacitic magma at 2.2 ka. Tephra from this event is preserved as a pumice fall pyroclastic flow sequence up to 120 m thick on Raoul Island. Offshore, this sequence forms a submarine deposit diminishing in thickness from 120 m near the northern caldera rim to 80 m at a distance of 3.5 km, where it rests upon an erosional planation surface of 17-20 ka age incised into older volcaniclastic rocks. Both the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the 2.2 ka eruption are comparable to the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Resurgent volcanism has built at least six submarine pyroclastic cones along a north-northeast trending lineament crossing Denham Caldera. Redistribution of pumiceous dacite from these cones, including ephemeral islands that emerged during the 1814 and 1870 eruptions, has contributed to recent shoaling in Denham Bay. A smaller eruption occurred in 1964-65, and hydrothermal activity persists at several sites along the lineament. Voluminous felsic volcanism at intra-oceanic arcs is usually associated with crustal extension, and was unexpected in the Tonga-Kermadec arc. However, because the tectonic fabric within the active back-arc Havre Trough is oblique to the Kermadec arc, rifts within the trough apparently propagate to the volcanic front and transfer extensional strain to the arc, thereby promoting the ascent of felsic magma. The orientation of Denham Caldera, as well as that of Macanley Caldera 110 km further south, thus reflect the stress field of the Havre Trough and not the predominant field of the arc.
CC :	222A01; 220B03; 001E01F01; 001E01B03
FD :	Arc insulaire; Arc insulaire Tonga; Iles Kermadec; Caldeira; Dacite; Levé géophysique; Effondrement; Eruption; Téphra; Retombée; Cendre volcanique; Pyroclastite; Ponce; Coulée pyroclastique; Analyse chimique; Ile Raoul; Dimension; Morphologie volcan; Erosion; Roche volcanoclastique; Volume; Ejecta; Quaternaire; Linéament; Activité hydrothermale; Tectonique extension; Rift; Champ contrainte
FG :	Polynésie; Océanie; Iles Océan Pacifique Ouest; Océan Pacifique Ouest; Océan Pacifique; Roche volcanique; Roche ignée; Cénozoïque; Phanérozoïque
ED :	island arcs; Tonga island arc; Kermadec Islands; calderas; dacites; geophysical surveys; collapse; eruptions; tephra; fallout; volcanic ash; pyroclastics; pumice; pyroclastic flows; chemical analysis; Raoul Island; dimensions; volcano features; erosion; volcaniclastics; volume; ejecta; Quaternary; lineaments; hydrothermal activity; extension tectonics; rift zones; stress fields
EG :	Polynesia; Oceania; West Pacific Ocean Islands; West Pacific; Pacific Ocean; volcanic rocks; igneous rocks; Cenozoic; Phanerozoic
SD :	Arco insular; Islas Kermadec; Caldera; Dacita; Levantamiento geofísico; Erupción; Lluvia radioactiva; Ceniza volcánica; Piedra pómez; Análisis químico; Isla Raoul; Dimensión; Morfología volcán; Erosión; Volumen; Cuaternario; Lineamento; Rift; Campo tensión
LO :	INIST-17236.354000085334580030
ID :	99-0387519

Links to Exploration step

Pascal:99-0387519

Le document en format XML

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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Kermadec Islands</term>
<term>Quaternary</term>
<term>Raoul Island</term>
<term>Tonga island arc</term>
<term>calderas</term>
<term>chemical analysis</term>
<term>collapse</term>
<term>dacites</term>
<term>dimensions</term>
<term>ejecta</term>
<term>erosion</term>
<term>eruptions</term>
<term>extension tectonics</term>
<term>fallout</term>
<term>geophysical surveys</term>
<term>hydrothermal activity</term>
<term>island arcs</term>
<term>lineaments</term>
<term>pumice</term>
<term>pyroclastic flows</term>
<term>pyroclastics</term>
<term>rift zones</term>
<term>stress fields</term>
<term>tephra</term>
<term>volcanic ash</term>
<term>volcaniclastics</term>
<term>volcano features</term>
<term>volume</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arc insulaire</term>
<term>Arc insulaire Tonga</term>
<term>Iles Kermadec</term>
<term>Caldeira</term>
<term>Dacite</term>
<term>Levé géophysique</term>
<term>Effondrement</term>
<term>Eruption</term>
<term>Téphra</term>
<term>Retombée</term>
<term>Cendre volcanique</term>
<term>Pyroclastite</term>
<term>Ponce</term>
<term>Coulée pyroclastique</term>
<term>Analyse chimique</term>
<term>Ile Raoul</term>
<term>Dimension</term>
<term>Morphologie volcan</term>
<term>Erosion</term>
<term>Roche volcanoclastique</term>
<term>Volume</term>
<term>Ejecta</term>
<term>Quaternaire</term>
<term>Linéament</term>
<term>Activité hydrothermale</term>
<term>Tectonique extension</term>
<term>Rift</term>
<term>Champ contrainte</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Denham Caldera, on Raoul Volcano in the Tonga-Kermadec arc, is a simple collapse structure. It is 6.5 X 4 km<sup>2</sup>
 across, > 0.3 km deep, represents an erupted magma volume of 8-16 km<sup>3</sup>
, and is considerably larger than previously estimated. Caldera formation was contemporaneous with an eruption of homogeneous dacitic magma at 2.2 ka. Tephra from this event is preserved as a pumice fall pyroclastic flow sequence up to 120 m thick on Raoul Island. Offshore, this sequence forms a submarine deposit diminishing in thickness from 120 m near the northern caldera rim to 80 m at a distance of 3.5 km, where it rests upon an erosional planation surface of 17-20 ka age incised into older volcaniclastic rocks. Both the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the 2.2 ka eruption are comparable to the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Resurgent volcanism has built at least six submarine pyroclastic cones along a north-northeast trending lineament crossing Denham Caldera. Redistribution of pumiceous dacite from these cones, including ephemeral islands that emerged during the 1814 and 1870 eruptions, has contributed to recent shoaling in Denham Bay. A smaller eruption occurred in 1964-65, and hydrothermal activity persists at several sites along the lineament. Voluminous felsic volcanism at intra-oceanic arcs is usually associated with crustal extension, and was unexpected in the Tonga-Kermadec arc. However, because the tectonic fabric within the active back-arc Havre Trough is oblique to the Kermadec arc, rifts within the trough apparently propagate to the volcanic front and transfer extensional strain to the arc, thereby promoting the ascent of felsic magma. The orientation of Denham Caldera, as well as that of Macanley Caldera 110 km further south, thus reflect the stress field of the Havre Trough and not the predominant field of the arc.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0377-0273</s0>
</fA01>
<fA02 i1="01"><s0>JVGRDQ</s0>
</fA02>
<fA03 i2="1"><s0>J. volcanol. geotherm. res.</s0>
</fA03>
<fA05><s2>90</s2>
</fA05>
<fA06><s2>1-2</s2>
</fA06>
<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc</s1>
</fA08>
<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>WORTHINGTON (T. J.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>GREGORY (M. R.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>BONDARENKO (V.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Geology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</s1>
<s2>Auckland</s2>
<s3>NZL</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Volcanology</s1>
<s2>Petropavlovsk, Kamchatsky</s2>
<s3>RUS</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA20><s1>29-48</s1>
<s7>5</s7>
</fA20>
<fA21><s1>1999</s1>
</fA21>
<fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0>
</fA23>
<fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1>
<s2>17236</s2>
<s5>354000085334580030</s5>
</fA43>
<fA44><s0>0000</s0>
<s1>© 1999 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1>
</fA44>
<fA45><s0>1 p.1/2</s0>
</fA45>
<fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>99-0387519</s0>
</fA47>
<fA60><s1>P</s1>
</fA60>
<fA61><s0>A</s0>
</fA61>
<fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Journal of volcanology and geothermal research</s0>
</fA64>
<fA66 i1="01"><s0>NLD</s0>
</fA66>
<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Denham Caldera, on Raoul Volcano in the Tonga-Kermadec arc, is a simple collapse structure. It is 6.5 X 4 km<sup>2</sup>
 across, > 0.3 km deep, represents an erupted magma volume of 8-16 km<sup>3</sup>
, and is considerably larger than previously estimated. Caldera formation was contemporaneous with an eruption of homogeneous dacitic magma at 2.2 ka. Tephra from this event is preserved as a pumice fall pyroclastic flow sequence up to 120 m thick on Raoul Island. Offshore, this sequence forms a submarine deposit diminishing in thickness from 120 m near the northern caldera rim to 80 m at a distance of 3.5 km, where it rests upon an erosional planation surface of 17-20 ka age incised into older volcaniclastic rocks. Both the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the 2.2 ka eruption are comparable to the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Resurgent volcanism has built at least six submarine pyroclastic cones along a north-northeast trending lineament crossing Denham Caldera. Redistribution of pumiceous dacite from these cones, including ephemeral islands that emerged during the 1814 and 1870 eruptions, has contributed to recent shoaling in Denham Bay. A smaller eruption occurred in 1964-65, and hydrothermal activity persists at several sites along the lineament. Voluminous felsic volcanism at intra-oceanic arcs is usually associated with crustal extension, and was unexpected in the Tonga-Kermadec arc. However, because the tectonic fabric within the active back-arc Havre Trough is oblique to the Kermadec arc, rifts within the trough apparently propagate to the volcanic front and transfer extensional strain to the arc, thereby promoting the ascent of felsic magma. The orientation of Denham Caldera, as well as that of Macanley Caldera 110 km further south, thus reflect the stress field of the Havre Trough and not the predominant field of the arc.</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="2"><s0>222A01</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="02" i2="2"><s0>220B03</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="03" i2="X"><s0>001E01F01</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="04" i2="X"><s0>001E01B03</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Arc insulaire</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>island arcs</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Arco insular</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Arc insulaire Tonga</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Tonga island arc</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Iles Kermadec</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Kermadec Islands</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Islas Kermadec</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Caldeira</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>calderas</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Caldera</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Dacite</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>dacites</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Dacita</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Levé géophysique</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>geophysical surveys</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Levantamiento geofísico</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Effondrement</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>collapse</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Eruption</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>eruptions</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Erupción</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Téphra</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>tephra</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Retombée</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>fallout</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Lluvia radioactiva</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Cendre volcanique</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>volcanic ash</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Ceniza volcánica</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Pyroclastite</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>pyroclastics</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Ponce</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>pumice</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Piedra pómez</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Coulée pyroclastique</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>pyroclastic flows</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Analyse chimique</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>chemical analysis</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Análisis químico</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Ile Raoul</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Raoul Island</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Isla Raoul</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Dimension</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>dimensions</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Dimensión</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Morphologie volcan</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>volcano features</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Morfología volcán</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Erosion</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>erosion</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Erosión</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Roche volcanoclastique</s0>
<s5>22</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>volcaniclastics</s0>
<s5>22</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Volume</s0>
<s5>23</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>volume</s0>
<s5>23</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Volumen</s0>
<s5>23</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="22" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Ejecta</s0>
<s5>24</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="22" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>ejecta</s0>
<s5>24</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="23" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Quaternaire</s0>
<s2>NX</s2>
<s5>25</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="23" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Quaternary</s0>
<s2>NX</s2>
<s5>25</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="23" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Cuaternario</s0>
<s2>NX</s2>
<s5>25</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="24" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Linéament</s0>
<s5>61</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="24" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>lineaments</s0>
<s5>61</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="24" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Lineamento</s0>
<s5>61</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="25" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Activité hydrothermale</s0>
<s5>62</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="25" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>hydrothermal activity</s0>
<s5>62</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="26" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Tectonique extension</s0>
<s5>63</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="26" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>extension tectonics</s0>
<s5>63</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="27" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Rift</s0>
<s5>64</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="27" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>rift zones</s0>
<s5>64</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="27" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Rift</s0>
<s5>64</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="28" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Champ contrainte</s0>
<s5>65</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="28" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>stress fields</s0>
<s5>65</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="28" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Campo tensión</s0>
<s5>65</s5>
</fC03>
<fC06><s0>ILS</s0>
<s0>TAS</s0>
<s0>AN</s0>
</fC06>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Polynésie</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Polynesia</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Polinesia</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Océanie</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Oceania</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Oceania</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Iles Océan Pacifique Ouest</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>West Pacific Ocean Islands</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Océan Pacifique Ouest</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>West Pacific</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Océan Pacifique</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Pacific Ocean</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Océano Pacífico</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Roche volcanique</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>volcanic rocks</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Roca volcánica</s0>
<s2>NV</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Roche ignée</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>igneous rocks</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Roca ignea</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Cénozoïque</s0>
<s2>NX</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Cenozoic</s0>
<s2>NX</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Cenozoico</s0>
<s2>NX</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Phanérozoïque</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Phanerozoic</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Fanerozoico</s0>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>249</s1>
</fN21>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 99-0387519 INIST</NO>
<ET>The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc</ET>
<AU>WORTHINGTON (T. J.); GREGORY (M. R.); BONDARENKO (V.)</AU>
<AF>Department of Geology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019/Auckland/Nouvelle-Zélande (1 aut., 2 aut.); Institute of Volcanology/Petropavlovsk, Kamchatsky/Russie (3 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Journal of volcanology and geothermal research; ISSN 0377-0273; Coden JVGRDQ; Pays-Bas; Da. 1999; Vol. 90; No. 1-2; Pp. 29-48; Bibl. 1 p.1/2</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>Denham Caldera, on Raoul Volcano in the Tonga-Kermadec arc, is a simple collapse structure. It is 6.5 X 4 km<sup>2</sup>
 across, > 0.3 km deep, represents an erupted magma volume of 8-16 km<sup>3</sup>
, and is considerably larger than previously estimated. Caldera formation was contemporaneous with an eruption of homogeneous dacitic magma at 2.2 ka. Tephra from this event is preserved as a pumice fall pyroclastic flow sequence up to 120 m thick on Raoul Island. Offshore, this sequence forms a submarine deposit diminishing in thickness from 120 m near the northern caldera rim to 80 m at a distance of 3.5 km, where it rests upon an erosional planation surface of 17-20 ka age incised into older volcaniclastic rocks. Both the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the 2.2 ka eruption are comparable to the caldera volume and ejecta distribution of the the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Resurgent volcanism has built at least six submarine pyroclastic cones along a north-northeast trending lineament crossing Denham Caldera. Redistribution of pumiceous dacite from these cones, including ephemeral islands that emerged during the 1814 and 1870 eruptions, has contributed to recent shoaling in Denham Bay. A smaller eruption occurred in 1964-65, and hydrothermal activity persists at several sites along the lineament. Voluminous felsic volcanism at intra-oceanic arcs is usually associated with crustal extension, and was unexpected in the Tonga-Kermadec arc. However, because the tectonic fabric within the active back-arc Havre Trough is oblique to the Kermadec arc, rifts within the trough apparently propagate to the volcanic front and transfer extensional strain to the arc, thereby promoting the ascent of felsic magma. The orientation of Denham Caldera, as well as that of Macanley Caldera 110 km further south, thus reflect the stress field of the Havre Trough and not the predominant field of the arc.</EA>
<CC>222A01; 220B03; 001E01F01; 001E01B03</CC>
<FD>Arc insulaire; Arc insulaire Tonga; Iles Kermadec; Caldeira; Dacite; Levé géophysique; Effondrement; Eruption; Téphra; Retombée; Cendre volcanique; Pyroclastite; Ponce; Coulée pyroclastique; Analyse chimique; Ile Raoul; Dimension; Morphologie volcan; Erosion; Roche volcanoclastique; Volume; Ejecta; Quaternaire; Linéament; Activité hydrothermale; Tectonique extension; Rift; Champ contrainte</FD>
<FG>Polynésie; Océanie; Iles Océan Pacifique Ouest; Océan Pacifique Ouest; Océan Pacifique; Roche volcanique; Roche ignée; Cénozoïque; Phanérozoïque</FG>
<ED>island arcs; Tonga island arc; Kermadec Islands; calderas; dacites; geophysical surveys; collapse; eruptions; tephra; fallout; volcanic ash; pyroclastics; pumice; pyroclastic flows; chemical analysis; Raoul Island; dimensions; volcano features; erosion; volcaniclastics; volume; ejecta; Quaternary; lineaments; hydrothermal activity; extension tectonics; rift zones; stress fields</ED>
<EG>Polynesia; Oceania; West Pacific Ocean Islands; West Pacific; Pacific Ocean; volcanic rocks; igneous rocks; Cenozoic; Phanerozoic</EG>
<SD>Arco insular; Islas Kermadec; Caldera; Dacita; Levantamiento geofísico; Erupción; Lluvia radioactiva; Ceniza volcánica; Piedra pómez; Análisis químico; Isla Raoul; Dimensión; Morfología volcán; Erosión; Volumen; Cuaternario; Lineamento; Rift; Campo tensión</SD>
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The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc

The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga-Kermadec arc

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