Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes
Identifieur interne : 001949 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001948; suivant : 001950Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes
Auteurs : I. Brenon ; P. Le HirSource :
- Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science [ 0272-7714 ] ; 1999.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
A two-dimensional depth-averaged model and a three-dimensional model for tide propagation and fine sediment transport are used to determine the respective role of several processes on the turbidity maximum behaviour in the Seine estuary. Consolidation processes have been taken into account in the 2DH model. Despite simplified sedimentological formulations and even without any gravitational effect, a turbidity maximum, close to the observations, is reproduced during spring tides. This result confirms the large contribution of tidal pumping on the turbidity maximum formation. The sediment behaviour (settling, erodability) acts in modifying the concentration and location of the tidal-induced turbidity maximum. The bathymetry influences the tidal propagation, but also the location of deposited sediment patterns and consequently, modifies the location of the turbidity maximum. The three-dimensional model allows accounting for all the forcing while the 2DH model does not include the salinity gradients and thus the density circulation, nor the vertical profile of velocity and concentration, which change the deposited sediment distribution. Density gradients act in maintaining the fine sediment in the estuary and in stretching the dynamical accumulation towards the upper limit of the salinity gradients. The turbidity maximum results from the superposition of both processes: (a) the dynamical accumulation of suspended sediment, related to tidal pumping and river flow, modelled by bathymetry and dependent on sediment behaviour, (b) salinity gradients, only related to river flow and bathymetry, which modify its structure.
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DOI: 10.1006/ecss.1999.0514
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Consolidation processes have been taken into account in the 2DH model. Despite simplified sedimentological formulations and even without any gravitational effect, a turbidity maximum, close to the observations, is reproduced during spring tides. This result confirms the large contribution of tidal pumping on the turbidity maximum formation. The sediment behaviour (settling, erodability) acts in modifying the concentration and location of the tidal-induced turbidity maximum. The bathymetry influences the tidal propagation, but also the location of deposited sediment patterns and consequently, modifies the location of the turbidity maximum. The three-dimensional model allows accounting for all the forcing while the 2DH model does not include the salinity gradients and thus the density circulation, nor the vertical profile of velocity and concentration, which change the deposited sediment distribution. Density gradients act in maintaining the fine sediment in the estuary and in stretching the dynamical accumulation towards the upper limit of the salinity gradients. The turbidity maximum results from the superposition of both processes: (a) the dynamical accumulation of suspended sediment, related to tidal pumping and river flow, modelled by bathymetry and dependent on sediment behaviour, (b) salinity gradients, only related to river flow and bathymetry, which modify its structure.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>I. Brenon</name><affiliations><json:string>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. Le Hir</name><affiliations><json:string>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>turbidity maximum</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>deposit patterns</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>tidal pumping</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>sediment behaviour</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>morphological effects</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>salinity gradients</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>modelling</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Seine estuary (France)</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>A two-dimensional depth-averaged model and a three-dimensional model for tide propagation and fine sediment transport are used to determine the respective role of several processes on the turbidity maximum behaviour in the Seine estuary. Consolidation processes have been taken into account in the 2DH model. Despite simplified sedimentological formulations and even without any gravitational effect, a turbidity maximum, close to the observations, is reproduced during spring tides. This result confirms the large contribution of tidal pumping on the turbidity maximum formation. The sediment behaviour (settling, erodability) acts in modifying the concentration and location of the tidal-induced turbidity maximum. The bathymetry influences the tidal propagation, but also the location of deposited sediment patterns and consequently, modifies the location of the turbidity maximum. The three-dimensional model allows accounting for all the forcing while the 2DH model does not include the salinity gradients and thus the density circulation, nor the vertical profile of velocity and concentration, which change the deposited sediment distribution. Density gradients act in maintaining the fine sediment in the estuary and in stretching the dynamical accumulation towards the upper limit of the salinity gradients. The turbidity maximum results from the superposition of both processes: (a) the dynamical accumulation of suspended sediment, related to tidal pumping and river flow, modelled by bathymetry and dependent on sediment behaviour, (b) salinity gradients, only related to river flow and bathymetry, which modify its structure.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.76</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 794 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>8</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1638</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>8350</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>51657</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>20</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>230</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes</title><pii><json:string>S0272-7714(99)90514-0</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>49</volume><pii><json:string>S0272-7714(00)X0028-5</json:string></pii><pages><last>544</last><first>525</first></pages><issn><json:string>0272-7714</json:string></issn><issue>4</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science</title><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY</json:string><json:string>OCEANOGRAPHY</json:string></wos></categories><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1999</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1006/ecss.1999.0514</json:string></doi><id>F6206C98210D8B602FFAB0EC84019472F2657FAB</id><score>0.09149042</score><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F6206C98210D8B602FFAB0EC84019472F2657FAB/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F6206C98210D8B602FFAB0EC84019472F2657FAB/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/F6206C98210D8B602FFAB0EC84019472F2657FAB/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1999 Academic Press</p></availability><date>1999</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Section title: Regular Article</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">I.</forename><surname>Brenon</surname></persName><affiliation>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">P.</forename><surname>Le Hir</surname></persName><affiliation>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YECSS</title><idno type="pISSN">0272-7714</idno><idno type="PII">S0272-7714(00)X0028-5</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999"></date><biblScope unit="volume">49</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="525">525</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="544">544</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">F6206C98210D8B602FFAB0EC84019472F2657FAB</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1006/ecss.1999.0514</idno><idno type="PII">S0272-7714(99)90514-0</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1999</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A two-dimensional depth-averaged model and a three-dimensional model for tide propagation and fine sediment transport are used to determine the respective role of several processes on the turbidity maximum behaviour in the Seine estuary. Consolidation processes have been taken into account in the 2DH model. Despite simplified sedimentological formulations and even without any gravitational effect, a turbidity maximum, close to the observations, is reproduced during spring tides. This result confirms the large contribution of tidal pumping on the turbidity maximum formation. The sediment behaviour (settling, erodability) acts in modifying the concentration and location of the tidal-induced turbidity maximum. The bathymetry influences the tidal propagation, but also the location of deposited sediment patterns and consequently, modifies the location of the turbidity maximum. The three-dimensional model allows accounting for all the forcing while the 2DH model does not include the salinity gradients and thus the density circulation, nor the vertical profile of velocity and concentration, which change the deposited sediment distribution. Density gradients act in maintaining the fine sediment in the estuary and in stretching the dynamical accumulation towards the upper limit of the salinity gradients. The turbidity maximum results from the superposition of both processes: (a) the dynamical accumulation of suspended sediment, related to tidal pumping and river flow, modelled by bathymetry and dependent on sediment behaviour, (b) salinity gradients, only related to river flow and bathymetry, which modify its structure.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>turbidity maximum</term></item><item><term>deposit patterns</term></item><item><term>tidal pumping</term></item><item><term>sediment behaviour</term></item><item><term>morphological effects</term></item><item><term>salinity gradients</term></item><item><term>modelling</term></item><item><term>Seine estuary (France)</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F6206C98210D8B602FFAB0EC84019472F2657FAB/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>YECSS</jid><aid>90514</aid><ce:pii>S0272-7714(99)90514-0</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1006/ecss.1999.0514</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="1999">Academic Press</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Regular Article</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>I.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Brenon</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="A1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="A2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Le Hir</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="A1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="A1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="A2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Hydraulics Laboratory, Civil Engineering Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, De Croylaan 2, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="12" month="10" year="1998"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="9" month="4" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>A two-dimensional depth-averaged model and a three-dimensional model for tide propagation and fine sediment transport are used to determine the respective role of several processes on the turbidity maximum behaviour in the Seine estuary. Consolidation processes have been taken into account in the 2DH model. Despite simplified sedimentological formulations and even without any gravitational effect, a turbidity maximum, close to the observations, is reproduced during spring tides. This result confirms the large contribution of tidal pumping on the turbidity maximum formation. The sediment behaviour (settling, erodability) acts in modifying the concentration and location of the tidal-induced turbidity maximum. The bathymetry influences the tidal propagation, but also the location of deposited sediment patterns and consequently, modifies the location of the turbidity maximum. The three-dimensional model allows accounting for all the forcing while the 2DH model does not include the salinity gradients and thus the density circulation, nor the vertical profile of velocity and concentration, which change the deposited sediment distribution. Density gradients act in maintaining the fine sediment in the estuary and in stretching the dynamical accumulation towards the upper limit of the salinity gradients. The turbidity maximum results from the superposition of both processes: (a) the dynamical accumulation of suspended sediment, related to tidal pumping and river flow, modelled by bathymetry and dependent on sediment behaviour, (b) salinity gradients, only related to river flow and bathymetry, which modify its structure.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>turbidity maximum</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>deposit patterns</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>tidal pumping</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>sediment behaviour</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>morphological effects</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>salinity gradients</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>modelling</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Seine estuary (France)</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Modelling the Turbidity Maximum in the Seine Estuary (France): Identification of Formation Processes</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Brenon</namePart><affiliation>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Le Hir</namePart><affiliation>Direction de L'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral, IFREMER/Centre de BREST, B.P. 70, 29280, Plouzané, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">A two-dimensional depth-averaged model and a three-dimensional model for tide propagation and fine sediment transport are used to determine the respective role of several processes on the turbidity maximum behaviour in the Seine estuary. Consolidation processes have been taken into account in the 2DH model. Despite simplified sedimentological formulations and even without any gravitational effect, a turbidity maximum, close to the observations, is reproduced during spring tides. This result confirms the large contribution of tidal pumping on the turbidity maximum formation. The sediment behaviour (settling, erodability) acts in modifying the concentration and location of the tidal-induced turbidity maximum. The bathymetry influences the tidal propagation, but also the location of deposited sediment patterns and consequently, modifies the location of the turbidity maximum. The three-dimensional model allows accounting for all the forcing while the 2DH model does not include the salinity gradients and thus the density circulation, nor the vertical profile of velocity and concentration, which change the deposited sediment distribution. 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