The “London” earthquake of 1580, April 6
Identifieur interne : 000E37 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000E36; suivant : 000E38The “London” earthquake of 1580, April 6
Auteurs : G. Neilson ; R. M. W. Musson ; P. W. BurtonSource :
- Engineering Geology [ 0013-7952 ] ; 1984.
Abstract
Abstract: A large number of accounts of the effects of the 1580, April 6, “London” earthquake have been collected and examined. At least four aftershocks have been identified, the largest of which occurred on May 1 or 2. Intensities have been assigned for a number of localities on the evidence of contemporary reports and other data, including the nature of the constructions employed in damaged structures. An assessment of the suitability of six variants of widely used intensity scales is made by assigning intensities independently on each scale, for the complete data set.Marine effects, the regions affected by the aftershocks and the spatial distribution of intensities show that the epicentre probably lay offshore in the Straits of Dover. The maximum intensity was assigned as an inferred 9 using both the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Scale (Brazee version), the two scales found to be preferable. This earthquake affected all of northern France, Britain possibly as far north as Edinburgh, and the Low Countries and Germany beyond Cologne and Duisburg. Employing suitable relationships between intensity, magnitude, and attenuation, yields a Richter magnitude in the range 6.2 to 6.9. It is suggested that this earthquake may have been caused by movement along a fault of Variscan trend at a depth of about 33 km; that is, at the base of the crust.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0013-7952(84)90048-6
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Burton</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:66206CEBEB1E1B38A8C7D5276A5D545B99F0D295</idno><date when="1984" year="1984">1984</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/0013-7952(84)90048-6</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/66206CEBEB1E1B38A8C7D5276A5D545B99F0D295/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000E37</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The “London” earthquake of 1580, April 6</title><author><name sortKey="Neilson, G" sort="Neilson, G" uniqKey="Neilson G" first="G." last="Neilson">G. Neilson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musson, R M W" sort="Musson, R M W" uniqKey="Musson R" first="R. M. W." last="Musson">R. M. W. Musson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burton, P W" sort="Burton, P W" uniqKey="Burton P" first="P. W." last="Burton">P. W. Burton</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Engineering Geology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">ENGEO</title><idno type="ISSN">0013-7952</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1984">1984</date><biblScope unit="volume">20</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="113">113</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="141">141</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0013-7952</idno></series><idno type="istex">66206CEBEB1E1B38A8C7D5276A5D545B99F0D295</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0013-7952(84)90048-6</idno><idno type="PII">0013-7952(84)90048-6</idno><idno type="ArticleID">84900486</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0013-7952</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: A large number of accounts of the effects of the 1580, April 6, “London” earthquake have been collected and examined. At least four aftershocks have been identified, the largest of which occurred on May 1 or 2. Intensities have been assigned for a number of localities on the evidence of contemporary reports and other data, including the nature of the constructions employed in damaged structures. An assessment of the suitability of six variants of widely used intensity scales is made by assigning intensities independently on each scale, for the complete data set.Marine effects, the regions affected by the aftershocks and the spatial distribution of intensities show that the epicentre probably lay offshore in the Straits of Dover. The maximum intensity was assigned as an inferred 9 using both the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Scale (Brazee version), the two scales found to be preferable. This earthquake affected all of northern France, Britain possibly as far north as Edinburgh, and the Low Countries and Germany beyond Cologne and Duisburg. Employing suitable relationships between intensity, magnitude, and attenuation, yields a Richter magnitude in the range 6.2 to 6.9. It is suggested that this earthquake may have been caused by movement along a fault of Variscan trend at a depth of about 33 km; that is, at the base of the crust.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>G. Neilson</name><affiliations><json:string>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R.M.W. Musson</name><affiliations><json:string>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P.W. Burton</name><affiliations><json:string>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>84900486</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>A large number of accounts of the effects of the 1580, April 6, “London” earthquake have been collected and examined. At least four aftershocks have been identified, the largest of which occurred on May 1 or 2. Intensities have been assigned for a number of localities on the evidence of contemporary reports and other data, including the nature of the constructions employed in damaged structures. An assessment of the suitability of six variants of widely used intensity scales is made by assigning intensities independently on each scale, for the complete data set.Marine effects, the regions affected by the aftershocks and the spatial distribution of intensities show that the epicentre probably lay offshore in the Straits of Dover. The maximum intensity was assigned as an inferred 9 using both the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Scale (Brazee version), the two scales found to be preferable. This earthquake affected all of northern France, Britain possibly as far north as Edinburgh, and the Low Countries and Germany beyond Cologne and Duisburg. Employing suitable relationships between intensity, magnitude, and attenuation, yields a Richter magnitude in the range 6.2 to 6.9. 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At least four aftershocks have been identified, the largest of which occurred on May 1 or 2. Intensities have been assigned for a number of localities on the evidence of contemporary reports and other data, including the nature of the constructions employed in damaged structures. An assessment of the suitability of six variants of widely used intensity scales is made by assigning intensities independently on each scale, for the complete data set.Marine effects, the regions affected by the aftershocks and the spatial distribution of intensities show that the epicentre probably lay offshore in the Straits of Dover. The maximum intensity was assigned as an inferred 9 using both the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Scale (Brazee version), the two scales found to be preferable. This earthquake affected all of northern France, Britain possibly as far north as Edinburgh, and the Low Countries and Germany beyond Cologne and Duisburg. Employing suitable relationships between intensity, magnitude, and attenuation, yields a Richter magnitude in the range 6.2 to 6.9. It is suggested that this earthquake may have been caused by movement along a fault of Variscan trend at a depth of about 33 km; that is, at the base of the crust.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1984">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/66206CEBEB1E1B38A8C7D5276A5D545B99F0D295/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier doc found" wicri:toSee="Elsevier, no converted or simple article"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 5.0.1//EN//XML" URI="art501.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article version="5.0" xml:lang="en" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>ENGEO</jid><aid>84900486</aid><ce:pii>0013-7952(84)90048-6</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0013-7952(84)90048-6</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1984">Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>The “London” earthquake of 1580, April 6</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>G.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Neilson</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>R.M.W.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Musson</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.W.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Burton</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="1" month="10" year="1983"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract id="ab1" class="author" xml:lang="en"><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>A large number of accounts of the effects of the 1580, April 6, “London” earthquake have been collected and examined. At least four aftershocks have been identified, the largest of which occurred on May 1 or 2. Intensities have been assigned for a number of localities on the evidence of contemporary reports and other data, including the nature of the constructions employed in damaged structures. An assessment of the suitability of six variants of widely used intensity scales is made by assigning intensities independently on each scale, for the complete data set.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para>Marine effects, the regions affected by the aftershocks and the spatial distribution of intensities show that the epicentre probably lay offshore in the Straits of Dover. The maximum intensity was assigned as an inferred 9 using both the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Scale (Brazee version), the two scales found to be preferable. This earthquake affected all of northern France, Britain possibly as far north as Edinburgh, and the Low Countries and Germany beyond Cologne and Duisburg. Employing suitable relationships between intensity, magnitude, and attenuation, yields a Richter magnitude in the range 6.2 to 6.9. It is suggested that this earthquake may have been caused by movement along a fault of Variscan trend at a depth of about 33 km; that is, at the base of the crust.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head><tail><ce:bibliography><ce:section-title>References</ce:section-title><ce:bibliography-sec><ce:bib-reference id="bib1"><ce:label>An historical account of the most remarkable earthquakes from the beginning of the world to the present time, 1822</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:host><sb:book><sb:title><sb:maintitle>An historical account of the most remarkable earthquakes from the beginning of the world to the present time</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:date>1822</sb:date></sb:book></sb:host><sb:comment>London</sb:comment></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib2"><ce:label>Andrewes, 1903</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Andrewes</ce:surname><ce:given-name>L.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>The preces privatae of Lancelot Andrewes</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:book><sb:date>1903</sb:date><sb:publisher><sb:name>Methuen</sb:name><sb:location>London</sb:location></sb:publisher></sb:book></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib3"><ce:label>Arber, 1875</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Arber</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>A transcript of the registers of the Company of Stationers of London</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:date>1875</sb:date></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1554</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>1640</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host><sb:comment>2. 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Am.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>21</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:issue-nr>4</sb:issue-nr><sb:date>1931</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>277</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>283</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference></ce:bibliography-sec></ce:bibliography></tail></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The “London” earthquake of 1580, April 6</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>The “London” earthquake of 1580, April 6</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Neilson</namePart><affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.M.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Musson</namePart><affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Burton</namePart><affiliation>Natural Environment Research Council, British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, EH9 3LA, Edinburgh (U.K.)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1984</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1984</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract: A large number of accounts of the effects of the 1580, April 6, “London” earthquake have been collected and examined. At least four aftershocks have been identified, the largest of which occurred on May 1 or 2. Intensities have been assigned for a number of localities on the evidence of contemporary reports and other data, including the nature of the constructions employed in damaged structures. An assessment of the suitability of six variants of widely used intensity scales is made by assigning intensities independently on each scale, for the complete data set.Marine effects, the regions affected by the aftershocks and the spatial distribution of intensities show that the epicentre probably lay offshore in the Straits of Dover. The maximum intensity was assigned as an inferred 9 using both the MSK scale and the Modified Mercalli Scale (Brazee version), the two scales found to be preferable. This earthquake affected all of northern France, Britain possibly as far north as Edinburgh, and the Low Countries and Germany beyond Cologne and Duisburg. Employing suitable relationships between intensity, magnitude, and attenuation, yields a Richter magnitude in the range 6.2 to 6.9. It is suggested that this earthquake may have been caused by movement along a fault of Variscan trend at a depth of about 33 km; that is, at the base of the crust.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Engineering Geology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>ENGEO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">198403</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0013-7952</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0013-7952(00)X0089-0</identifier><part><date>198403</date><detail type="issue"><title>Engineering Seismology</title></detail><detail type="volume"><number>20</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1–2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>206</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>113</start><end>141</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">66206CEBEB1E1B38A8C7D5276A5D545B99F0D295</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0013-7952(84)90048-6</identifier><identifier type="PII">0013-7952(84)90048-6</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">84900486</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1984 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., ©1984</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><enrichments><istex:catWosTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/66206CEBEB1E1B38A8C7D5276A5D545B99F0D295/enrichments/catWos"><teiHeader><profileDesc><textClass><classCode scheme="WOS">ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL</classCode><classCode scheme="WOS">GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY</classCode></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:catWosTEI></enrichments></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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