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Dynamics of a neuronal model, Synchronizaton and Complexity

Identifieur interne : 000104 ( Hal/Curation ); précédent : 000103; suivant : 000105

Dynamics of a neuronal model, Synchronizaton and Complexity

Auteurs : Nathalie Corson [France]

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RBID : Hal:tel-00453912

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English descriptors

Abstract

The neuron is a point of interest in various scientific domains as a fundamental cell in the nervous system. Some mathematical models describing neuron behaviour exist. When some of these models interact due to coupling functions, the network behaviour can be analyzed as a complex system, . Firstly, this work presents the main mechanisms governing the neuron behaviour in order to understand the different models. Several models are then presented, including the Hindmarsh-Rose one, dating from 1984. The numerical and theoretical study of the asymptotic and transitory dynamics of the forementioned model is then proposed in the second part of this thesis. In the third part, interaction networks are constructed coupling many of these models. These networks are first studied in terms of complete synchronization. Consequently, some properties emerge, some of which are characterized by power laws. Finally, an algorithm of burst synchronization detection is developped.

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Hal:tel-00453912

Le document en format XML

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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The neuron is a point of interest in various scientific domains as a fundamental cell in the nervous system. Some mathematical models describing neuron behaviour exist. When some of these models interact due to coupling functions, the network behaviour can be analyzed as a complex system, . Firstly, this work presents the main mechanisms governing the neuron behaviour in order to understand the different models. Several models are then presented, including the Hindmarsh-Rose one, dating from 1984. The numerical and theoretical study of the asymptotic and transitory dynamics of the forementioned model is then proposed in the second part of this thesis. In the third part, interaction networks are constructed coupling many of these models. These networks are first studied in terms of complete synchronization. Consequently, some properties emerge, some of which are characterized by power laws. Finally, an algorithm of burst synchronization detection is developped.</div>
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<abstract xml:lang="en">The neuron is a point of interest in various scientific domains as a fundamental cell in the nervous system. Some mathematical models describing neuron behaviour exist. When some of these models interact due to coupling functions, the network behaviour can be analyzed as a complex system, . Firstly, this work presents the main mechanisms governing the neuron behaviour in order to understand the different models. Several models are then presented, including the Hindmarsh-Rose one, dating from 1984. The numerical and theoretical study of the asymptotic and transitory dynamics of the forementioned model is then proposed in the second part of this thesis. In the third part, interaction networks are constructed coupling many of these models. These networks are first studied in terms of complete synchronization. Consequently, some properties emerge, some of which are characterized by power laws. Finally, an algorithm of burst synchronization detection is developped.</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="fr">Le fonctionnement d'un neurone, cellule fondamentale du système nerveux, intéresse de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques. Il existe ainsi des modèles mathématiques qui décrivent leur comportement par des systèmes d'EDO. Plusieurs de ces modèles peuvent ensuite être couplés afin de pouvoir étudier le comportement de réseaux, systèmes complexes au sein desquels émergent des propriétés. Ce travail présente, dans un premier temps, les principaux mécanismes régissant ce fonctionnement afin d'en comprendre la modélisation. Plusieurs modèles sont alors présentés, jusqu'à celui de Hindmarsh-Rose (1984), qui présente une dynamique lente-rapide. C'est sur l'étude numérique mais également théorique de la dynamique asymptotique et transitoire de ce dernier modèle, que se concentre la seconde partie de cette thèse. Dans une troisième partie, des réseaux d'interactions sont construits en couplant les systèmes dynamiques précédemment étudiés. L'étude du phénomène de synchronisation complète au sein de ces réseaux montre l'existence de propriétés émergentes pouvant être caractérisées par des lois de puissance. Enfin, un algorithme de détection de la synchronisation de bursts est proposé.</abstract>
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