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Digital traces, discrimination and recruitment in Upper Normandy

Identifieur interne : 000097 ( Hal/Curation ); précédent : 000096; suivant : 000098

Digital traces, discrimination and recruitment in Upper Normandy

Auteurs : Hadi Sabaayon [France]

Source :

RBID : Hal:tel-01082727

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

In 2011, 9.7 million persons in France suffered from a functional limitation (Dares analysis, 2013). Those with psychiatric functional limitations, suffer from a personality dysfunction characterized by disturbances in social adaptation (Sarfaty, Zribi, 2008). Often excluded, segregated and discriminated, they lose their place in their community and in labor market. The digital world, as environment but also as cultural and social practices (Doueihi, 2013), provides them with various means and channels to escape, but equally to build networks and share knowledge. But can it contribute in their process of social integration and professional adaptation? Understanding disability as a result of process interactions between individual and environmental factors of the person (Fougeyrollas, 2010), we studied ethnomethodologically the daily activity and the communication behaviors of a group of eight persons with psychiatric functional limitations in a specialized foster home in Le Havre, in France. In addition, we nine supportive organizations to understand the social representations they share about psychiatric disability, employability and the digital. Our results showed that some individuals use digital to participate in public debates, produce, publish and share information, buy, play and communicate. The objective behind these digital activities is the creation of the social link, which is obviously a key parameter of employability. Thus, digital facilitates their communication and social participation, but is not used in the search for jobs or in a professional occupation. Others, suffer from computer illiteracy, and become victims of social, cultural and economic marginalization, calling for specific actions in favor of them. We propose a clubhouse connected, where members can join collective and collaborative digital projects, but also transitional employment (TE) in cooperation with companies. Thus encouraging the person to have participatory associative digital practices, accompanying him/her in co-presence and adapting his/her environment, are three capital initiations for a successful social and professional inclusion.

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Hal:tel-01082727

Le document en format XML

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<note type="commentary">1. Michel ARNAUD : Professeur en SIC à l’Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, rapporteur.2. Joël COLLOC : Professeur en Informatique à l’Université du Havre.3. Béatrice GALINON-MÉLÉNEC : Professeur en SIC à l’Université du Havre, co-directrice de thèse.4. Hervé LE CROSNIER : Maître de Conférences, HDR en SIC à l’Université de Caen, rapporteur.5. Louise MERZEAU, Maître de Conférences, HDR en SIC à l’Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, co-directrice de thèse.6. Michèle MOLINA : Professeur en Psychologie à l’Université de Caen, Présidente du jury.</note>
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<abstract xml:lang="en">In 2011, 9.7 million persons in France suffered from a functional limitation (Dares analysis, 2013). Those with psychiatric functional limitations, suffer from a personality dysfunction characterized by disturbances in social adaptation (Sarfaty, Zribi, 2008). Often excluded, segregated and discriminated, they lose their place in their community and in labor market. The digital world, as environment but also as cultural and social practices (Doueihi, 2013), provides them with various means and channels to escape, but equally to build networks and share knowledge. But can it contribute in their process of social integration and professional adaptation? Understanding disability as a result of process interactions between individual and environmental factors of the person (Fougeyrollas, 2010), we studied ethnomethodologically the daily activity and the communication behaviors of a group of eight persons with psychiatric functional limitations in a specialized foster home in Le Havre, in France. In addition, we nine supportive organizations to understand the social representations they share about psychiatric disability, employability and the digital. Our results showed that some individuals use digital to participate in public debates, produce, publish and share information, buy, play and communicate. The objective behind these digital activities is the creation of the social link, which is obviously a key parameter of employability. Thus, digital facilitates their communication and social participation, but is not used in the search for jobs or in a professional occupation. Others, suffer from computer illiteracy, and become victims of social, cultural and economic marginalization, calling for specific actions in favor of them. We propose a clubhouse connected, where members can join collective and collaborative digital projects, but also transitional employment (TE) in cooperation with companies. Thus encouraging the person to have participatory associative digital practices, accompanying him/her in co-presence and adapting his/her environment, are three capital initiations for a successful social and professional inclusion.</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="fr">En 2011, 9.7 millions de personnes souffrent d’une limitation fonctionnelle en France (Dares analyse, 2013). Celles ayant une limitation fonctionnelle psychique, sont atteintes d'un dysfonctionnement de la personnalité caractérisé par des perturbations de l'adaptation sociale (Sarfaty, Zribi, 2008). Souvent exclues, ségréguées et discriminées, elles trouvent difficilement leur place dans l'espace social « ordinaire ». Le numérique, qui constitue aujourd'hui pour le plus grand nombre un environnement culturel et social, « une culture » (Doueihi, 2013), met à leur disposition divers moyens pour s'évader mais aussi pour construire des réseaux et partager des savoirs. Peut-il leur être un apport dans leur démarche d’intégration sociale et d’adaptation professionnelle ? Considérant que le handicap résulte de processus d'interactions entre les facteurs individuels et environnementaux de la personne (Fougeyrollas, 2010), nous avons étudié ethnométhodologiquement l’activité de jour et la communication d’un groupe de huit sujets ayant des limitations fonctionnelles psychiques dans une résidence d’accueil spécialisée au Havre. De plus, nous avons interrogé les acteurs de neuf organisations d’accompagnement de ce public, pour comprendre leurs représentations sociales sur le handicap psychique, l’employabilité de ces personnes et leurs pratiques du numérique. Nos résultats montrent que certains sujets se servent du numérique pour participer aux débats publics, produire, publier et partager de l’information, acheter, jouer et échanger. L’objectif derrière ces activités numériques est le tissage du lien social, qui s’avère un paramètre clé de l’employabilité. Pour la majorité le numérique facilite leur communication et leur participation sociale, mais il n’est pas exploité dans la recherche d’emploi ou dans une activité professionnelle. Mais certaines souffrent d’une analphabétisation informatique et deviennent victimes de marginalisation sociale, culturelle et économique, appelant des actions spécifiques en faveur d’elles. Nous concluons à l’intérêt de la mise en place d’un "clubhouse" connecté, où les sujets peuvent adhérer à des projets numériques collectifs et collaboratifs mais aussi à des emplois de transitions (ET) en coopération avec des entreprises. Ainsi, inciter le sujet à avoir des pratiques numériques associatives participatives, l’accompagner en coprésence et adapter son environnement, sont trois initiations capitales pour réussir son inclusion sociale et professionnelle.</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="pt">Em 2011, 9.7 milhões de pessoas sofriam de uma limitacão funcional na França (Dares análise, 2013). Aquelas com limitações funcionais psíquicas sofrem de uma disfunção de personalidade caracterizado por distúrbios de adaptação social (Sarfaty, Zribi, 2008). Frequentemente excluídas, segregadas e discriminadas, elas perdem o seu lugar na coletividade e no mercado de trabalho. O digital, como um ambiente, mas também as práticas culturais e sociais (Doueihi, 2013), fornece-lhes vários meios para escapar, bem como para construir redes e compartilhar conhecimento. Cabe perguntar se isso pode ser um contributo em seu processo de integração social e adaptação profissional. Entendendo a incapacidade como resultado dos processos das interações entre os fatores individuais e ambientais da pessoa (Fougeyrollas, 2010), estudamos etnometodologicamente a atividade diária e a comunicação de um grupo de oito pessoas com limitações funcionais psíquicas em uma residência especializada em Le Havre. Entrevistamos essas pessoas e, além disso, nove organizações de apoio a elas, para entender as representações sociais que compartilham sobre a incapacidade psíquica, a empregabilidade e o digital. Nossos resultados mostram que algumas pessoas usam o digital para participar em debates públicos, produzir, publicar e compartilhar a informação, para comprar e jogar. O objetivo por trás dessas atividades digitais é de forjar um laço social, que se revela um componente chave da empregabilidade. O digital, assim, facilita sua comunicação e participação social, mas ele não é usado na procura de emprego ou em ocupação profissional. Outras pessoas sofrem de uma analfabetização informática e se tornam vítimas de marginalização social, cultural e econômica, exigindo ações específicas em favor delas. Propomos um "clubhouse" conectado, onde os membros possam aderir aos projetos digitais coletivos e colaborativos, mas também aos empregos de transição (ET), em cooperação com empresas. Assim, incitar o sujeito a ter práticas digitais participativas e associativas, acompanhá-lo presencialmente e adaptar o seu ambiente, são três iniciações capitais para sua inclusão social e profissional bem-sucedida.</abstract>
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