Fetal Growth and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Findings from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC)
Identifieur interne : 001C51 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001C50; suivant : 001C52Fetal Growth and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Findings from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC)
Auteurs : Elizabeth Milne ; Kathryn R. Greenop ; Catherine Metayer ; Joachim Schüz ; Eleni Petridou ; Maria S. Pombo-De-Oliveira ; Claire Infante-Rivard ; Eve Roman ; John D. Dockerty ; Logan G. Spector ; Sérgio Koifman ; Laurent Orsi ; Jérémie Rudant ; Nick Dessypris ; Jill Simpson ; Tracy Lightfoot ; Peter Kaatsch ; Margarita Baka ; Alessandra Faro ; Bruce K. Armstrong ; Jacqueline Clavel ; Patricia A. BufflerSource :
- International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer [ 0020-7136 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
Positive associations have been reported between measures of accelerated fetal growth and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We investigated this association by pooling individual-level data from 12 case-control studies participating in the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. Two measures of fetal growth – weight-for-gestational-age and proportion of optimal birth weight (POBW) – were analysed. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and combined in fixed effects meta-analyses. Pooled analyses of all data were also undertaken using multivariable logistic regression. Subgroup analyses were undertaken when possible. Data on weight for gestational age were available for 7,348 cases and 12,489 controls from all 12 studies and POBW data were available for 1,680 cases and 3,139 controls from three studies. The summary ORs from the meta-analyses were 1.24 (95% CI 1.13, 1.36) for children who were large for gestational age relative to appropriate for gestational age, and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.24) for a one standard deviation increase in POBW. The pooled analyses produced similar results. The summary and pooled ORs for small-for-gestational-age children were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.92) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.77, 0.95) respectively. Results were consistent across subgroups defined by sex, ethnicity and immunophenotype, and when the analysis was restricted to children who did not have high birth weight. The evidence that accelerated fetal growth is associated with a modest increased risk of childhood ALL is strong and consistent with known biological mechanisms involving insulin like growth factors.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28314
PubMed: 23754574
PubMed Central: 3797193
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PMC:3797193Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Milne, Elizabeth" sort="Milne, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Milne E" first="Elizabeth" last="Milne">Elizabeth Milne</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Greenop, Kathryn R" sort="Greenop, Kathryn R" uniqKey="Greenop K" first="Kathryn R." last="Greenop">Kathryn R. Greenop</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Metayer, Catherine" sort="Metayer, Catherine" uniqKey="Metayer C" first="Catherine" last="Metayer">Catherine Metayer</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Schuz, Joachim" sort="Schuz, Joachim" uniqKey="Schuz J" first="Joachim" last="Schüz">Joachim Schüz</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Petridou, Eleni" sort="Petridou, Eleni" uniqKey="Petridou E" first="Eleni" last="Petridou">Eleni Petridou</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Pombo De Oliveira, Maria S" sort="Pombo De Oliveira, Maria S" uniqKey="Pombo De Oliveira M" first="Maria S." last="Pombo-De-Oliveira">Maria S. Pombo-De-Oliveira</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Infante Rivard, Claire" sort="Infante Rivard, Claire" uniqKey="Infante Rivard C" first="Claire" last="Infante-Rivard">Claire Infante-Rivard</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Roman, Eve" sort="Roman, Eve" uniqKey="Roman E" first="Eve" last="Roman">Eve Roman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Dockerty, John D" sort="Dockerty, John D" uniqKey="Dockerty J" first="John D." last="Dockerty">John D. Dockerty</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Dean’s Department and Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. On behalf of NZCCS (New Zealand)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Spector, Logan G" sort="Spector, Logan G" uniqKey="Spector L" first="Logan G." last="Spector">Logan G. Spector</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. On behalf of COG (US)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Koifman, Sergio" sort="Koifman, Sergio" uniqKey="Koifman S" first="Sérgio" last="Koifman">Sérgio Koifman</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Orsi, Laurent" sort="Orsi, Laurent" uniqKey="Orsi L" first="Laurent" last="Orsi">Laurent Orsi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rudant, Jeremie" sort="Rudant, Jeremie" uniqKey="Rudant J" first="Jérémie" last="Rudant">Jérémie Rudant</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dessypris, Nick" sort="Dessypris, Nick" uniqKey="Dessypris N" first="Nick" last="Dessypris">Nick Dessypris</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simpson, Jill" sort="Simpson, Jill" uniqKey="Simpson J" first="Jill" last="Simpson">Jill Simpson</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lightfoot, Tracy" sort="Lightfoot, Tracy" uniqKey="Lightfoot T" first="Tracy" last="Lightfoot">Tracy Lightfoot</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaatsch, Peter" sort="Kaatsch, Peter" uniqKey="Kaatsch P" first="Peter" last="Kaatsch">Peter Kaatsch</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">German Childhood Cancer Registry at the Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. On behalf of GCCR (Germany)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baka, Margarita" sort="Baka, Margarita" uniqKey="Baka M" first="Margarita" last="Baka">Margarita Baka</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Pediatric Hematology – Oncology, “Pan.&Agl. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece, Thivon & Levadeias, Goudi. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Faro, Alessandra" sort="Faro, Alessandra" uniqKey="Faro A" first="Alessandra" last="Faro">Alessandra Faro</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Program, Research Program, Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On behalf of BCSG-IAL (Brazil)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Armstrong, Bruce K" sort="Armstrong, Bruce K" uniqKey="Armstrong B" first="Bruce K." last="Armstrong">Bruce K. Armstrong</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clavel, Jacqueline" sort="Clavel, Jacqueline" uniqKey="Clavel J" first="Jacqueline" last="Clavel">Jacqueline Clavel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buffler, Patricia A" sort="Buffler, Patricia A" uniqKey="Buffler P" first="Patricia A." last="Buffler">Patricia A. Buffler</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">On behalf of NCCLS (California US) University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA 94704-7392, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Fetal Growth and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Findings from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC)</title>
<author><name sortKey="Milne, Elizabeth" sort="Milne, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Milne E" first="Elizabeth" last="Milne">Elizabeth Milne</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Greenop, Kathryn R" sort="Greenop, Kathryn R" uniqKey="Greenop K" first="Kathryn R." last="Greenop">Kathryn R. Greenop</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Metayer, Catherine" sort="Metayer, Catherine" uniqKey="Metayer C" first="Catherine" last="Metayer">Catherine Metayer</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">On behalf of NCCLS (California US) University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA 94704-7392, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schuz, Joachim" sort="Schuz, Joachim" uniqKey="Schuz J" first="Joachim" last="Schüz">Joachim Schüz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and Radiation, Lyon, France. On behalf of GCCR (Germany)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petridou, Eleni" sort="Petridou, Eleni" uniqKey="Petridou E" first="Eleni" last="Petridou">Eleni Petridou</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pombo De Oliveira, Maria S" sort="Pombo De Oliveira, Maria S" uniqKey="Pombo De Oliveira M" first="Maria S." last="Pombo-De-Oliveira">Maria S. Pombo-De-Oliveira</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Program, Research Program, Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On behalf of BCSG-IAL (Brazil)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Infante Rivard, Claire" sort="Infante Rivard, Claire" uniqKey="Infante Rivard C" first="Claire" last="Infante-Rivard">Claire Infante-Rivard</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University. Montréal, Québec, Canada. On behalf of the Québec study (Canada)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roman, Eve" sort="Roman, Eve" uniqKey="Roman E" first="Eve" last="Roman">Eve Roman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dockerty, John D" sort="Dockerty, John D" uniqKey="Dockerty J" first="John D." last="Dockerty">John D. Dockerty</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Dean’s Department and Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. On behalf of NZCCS (New Zealand)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Spector, Logan G" sort="Spector, Logan G" uniqKey="Spector L" first="Logan G." last="Spector">Logan G. Spector</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. On behalf of COG (US)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koifman, Sergio" sort="Koifman, Sergio" uniqKey="Koifman S" first="Sérgio" last="Koifman">Sérgio Koifman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On behalf of BCSG-IAL (Brazil)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Orsi, Laurent" sort="Orsi, Laurent" uniqKey="Orsi L" first="Laurent" last="Orsi">Laurent Orsi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rudant, Jeremie" sort="Rudant, Jeremie" uniqKey="Rudant J" first="Jérémie" last="Rudant">Jérémie Rudant</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dessypris, Nick" sort="Dessypris, Nick" uniqKey="Dessypris N" first="Nick" last="Dessypris">Nick Dessypris</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simpson, Jill" sort="Simpson, Jill" uniqKey="Simpson J" first="Jill" last="Simpson">Jill Simpson</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lightfoot, Tracy" sort="Lightfoot, Tracy" uniqKey="Lightfoot T" first="Tracy" last="Lightfoot">Tracy Lightfoot</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaatsch, Peter" sort="Kaatsch, Peter" uniqKey="Kaatsch P" first="Peter" last="Kaatsch">Peter Kaatsch</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">German Childhood Cancer Registry at the Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. On behalf of GCCR (Germany)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baka, Margarita" sort="Baka, Margarita" uniqKey="Baka M" first="Margarita" last="Baka">Margarita Baka</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Pediatric Hematology – Oncology, “Pan.&Agl. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece, Thivon & Levadeias, Goudi. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Faro, Alessandra" sort="Faro, Alessandra" uniqKey="Faro A" first="Alessandra" last="Faro">Alessandra Faro</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Program, Research Program, Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On behalf of BCSG-IAL (Brazil)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Armstrong, Bruce K" sort="Armstrong, Bruce K" uniqKey="Armstrong B" first="Bruce K." last="Armstrong">Bruce K. Armstrong</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clavel, Jacqueline" sort="Clavel, Jacqueline" uniqKey="Clavel J" first="Jacqueline" last="Clavel">Jacqueline Clavel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buffler, Patricia A" sort="Buffler, Patricia A" uniqKey="Buffler P" first="Patricia A." last="Buffler">Patricia A. Buffler</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">On behalf of NCCLS (California US) University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA 94704-7392, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Positive associations have been reported between measures of accelerated fetal growth and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We investigated this association by pooling individual-level data from 12 case-control studies participating in the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. Two measures of fetal growth – weight-for-gestational-age and proportion of optimal birth weight (POBW) – were analysed. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and combined in fixed effects meta-analyses. Pooled analyses of all data were also undertaken using multivariable logistic regression. Subgroup analyses were undertaken when possible. Data on weight for gestational age were available for 7,348 cases and 12,489 controls from all 12 studies and POBW data were available for 1,680 cases and 3,139 controls from three studies. The summary ORs from the meta-analyses were 1.24 (95% CI 1.13, 1.36) for children who were large for gestational age relative to appropriate for gestational age, and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.24) for a one standard deviation increase in POBW. The pooled analyses produced similar results. The summary and pooled ORs for small-for-gestational-age children were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.92) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.77, 0.95) respectively. Results were consistent across subgroups defined by sex, ethnicity and immunophenotype, and when the analysis was restricted to children who did not have high birth weight. The evidence that accelerated fetal growth is associated with a modest increased risk of childhood ALL is strong and consistent with known biological mechanisms involving insulin like growth factors.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<title-group><article-title>Fetal Growth and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Findings from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC)</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Milne</surname>
<given-names>Elizabeth</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Greenop</surname>
<given-names>Kathryn R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Metayer</surname>
<given-names>Catherine</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schüz</surname>
<given-names>Joachim</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">4</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Petridou</surname>
<given-names>Eleni</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">5</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pombo-de-Oliveira</surname>
<given-names>Maria S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">6</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Infante-Rivard</surname>
<given-names>Claire</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">7</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Roman</surname>
<given-names>Eve</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">8</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dockerty</surname>
<given-names>John D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">9</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Spector</surname>
<given-names>Logan G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">10</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Koifman</surname>
<given-names>Sérgio</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">11</xref>
<xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Orsi</surname>
<given-names>Laurent</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">12</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">13</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rudant</surname>
<given-names>Jérémie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">12</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">13</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">14</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dessypris</surname>
<given-names>Nick</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Simpson</surname>
<given-names>Jill</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">8</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lightfoot</surname>
<given-names>Tracy</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">8</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kaatsch</surname>
<given-names>Peter</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">15</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baka</surname>
<given-names>Margarita</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">16</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Faro</surname>
<given-names>Alessandra</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Armstrong</surname>
<given-names>Bruce K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">17</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Clavel</surname>
<given-names>Jacqueline</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">12</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">13</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">14</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Buffler</surname>
<given-names>Patricia A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
On behalf of NCCLS (California US) University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA 94704-7392, USA</aff>
<aff id="A3"><label>4</label>
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and Radiation, Lyon, France. On behalf of GCCR (Germany)</aff>
<aff id="A4"><label>5</label>
Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</aff>
<aff id="A5"><label>6</label>
Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Program, Research Program, Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On behalf of BCSG-IAL (Brazil)</aff>
<aff id="A6"><label>7</label>
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University. Montréal, Québec, Canada. On behalf of the Québec study (Canada)</aff>
<aff id="A7"><label>8</label>
Department of Health Science, University of York, York, UK. On behalf of UKCCS (United Kingdom)</aff>
<aff id="A8"><label>9</label>
Dean’s Department and Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. On behalf of NZCCS (New Zealand)</aff>
<aff id="A9"><label>10</label>
Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. On behalf of COG (US)</aff>
<aff id="A10"><label>11</label>
National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On behalf of BCSG-IAL (Brazil)</aff>
<aff id="A11"><label>12</label>
INSERM U1018, CESP Villejuif, France. On behalf of ESCALE, Electre, & Adele (France)</aff>
<aff id="A12"><label>13</label>
Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</aff>
<aff id="A13"><label>14</label>
National Registry of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies, Villejuif, France</aff>
<aff id="A14"><label>15</label>
German Childhood Cancer Registry at the Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. On behalf of GCCR (Germany)</aff>
<aff id="A15"><label>16</label>
Department of Pediatric Hematology – Oncology, “Pan.&Agl. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece, Thivon & Levadeias, Goudi. On behalf of NARECHEM (Greece)</aff>
<aff id="A16"><label>17</label>
Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. On behalf of the Aus-ALL Consortium (Australia)</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Address for Correspondence: Elizabeth Milne, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Research, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia. Telephone: + 61 8 9489 7756 Fax: +61 8 9489 7700 <email>lizm@ichr.uwa.edu.au</email>
</corresp>
<fn id="FN2" fn-type="equal"><label>3</label>
<p>These authors equally contributed</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>1</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>1</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>15</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>15</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>133</volume>
<issue>12</issue>
<fpage>2968</fpage>
<lpage>2979</lpage>
<abstract><p id="P1">Positive associations have been reported between measures of accelerated fetal growth and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We investigated this association by pooling individual-level data from 12 case-control studies participating in the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. Two measures of fetal growth – weight-for-gestational-age and proportion of optimal birth weight (POBW) – were analysed. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and combined in fixed effects meta-analyses. Pooled analyses of all data were also undertaken using multivariable logistic regression. Subgroup analyses were undertaken when possible. Data on weight for gestational age were available for 7,348 cases and 12,489 controls from all 12 studies and POBW data were available for 1,680 cases and 3,139 controls from three studies. The summary ORs from the meta-analyses were 1.24 (95% CI 1.13, 1.36) for children who were large for gestational age relative to appropriate for gestational age, and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.24) for a one standard deviation increase in POBW. The pooled analyses produced similar results. The summary and pooled ORs for small-for-gestational-age children were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.92) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.77, 0.95) respectively. Results were consistent across subgroups defined by sex, ethnicity and immunophenotype, and when the analysis was restricted to children who did not have high birth weight. The evidence that accelerated fetal growth is associated with a modest increased risk of childhood ALL is strong and consistent with known biological mechanisms involving insulin like growth factors.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>birth weight</kwd>
<kwd>fetal growth</kwd>
<kwd>leukemia</kwd>
<kwd>childhood</kwd>
<kwd>pooled analysis</kwd>
<kwd>meta-analysis</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences : NIEHS</funding-source>
<award-id>R01 ES009137 || ES</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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