P. falciparum infection and maternofetal antibody transfer in malaria-endemic settings of varying transmission
Identifieur interne : 000459 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000458; suivant : 000460P. falciparum infection and maternofetal antibody transfer in malaria-endemic settings of varying transmission
Auteurs : Alistair R. D. Mclean [Australie, Birmanie] ; Danielle Stanisic [Australie] ; Rose Mcgready [Thaïlande, Royaume-Uni] ; Kesinee Chotivanich [Thaïlande] ; Caroline Clapham [Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée] ; Francesca Baiwog [Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée] ; Mupawjay Pimanpanarak [Thaïlande] ; Peter Siba [Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée] ; Ivo Mueller [Australie, France] ; Christopher L. King [États-Unis] ; François Nosten [Thaïlande, Royaume-Uni] ; James G. Beeson [Australie] ; Stephen Rogerson [Australie] ; Julie A. Simpson [Australie] ; Freya J. I. Fowkes [Australie]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
During pregnancy, immunoglobulin G (IgG) is transferred from the mother to the fetus, providing protection from disease in early infancy.
Mother-cord paired serum samples collected at delivery from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Thailand-Myanmar Border Area (TMBA) were tested for IgG1 and IgG3 to four
Maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency of IgG1 and IgG3 was lower in PNG compared to TMBA (mean difference in cord antibody levels (controlling for maternal antibody levels) ranged from -0.88 to 0.09, median of -0.20 log2 units). Placental
Primigravid women may be at risk of impaired maternofetal antibody transport with placental
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186577
PubMed: 29028827
PubMed Central: 5640245
Affiliations:
- Australie, Birmanie, France, Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, Royaume-Uni, Thaïlande, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Ohio, Oxfordshire, Victoria (État), Île-de-France
- Melbourne, Oxford, Paris
- Université d'Oxford, Université de Melbourne
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PMC:5640245Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en"><italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection and maternofetal antibody transfer in malaria-endemic settings of varying transmission</title><author><name sortKey="Mclean, Alistair R D" sort="Mclean, Alistair R D" uniqKey="Mclean A" first="Alistair R. D." last="Mclean">Alistair R. D. Mclean</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanisic, Danielle" sort="Stanisic, Danielle" uniqKey="Stanisic D" first="Danielle" last="Stanisic">Danielle Stanisic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgready, Rose" sort="Mcgready, Rose" uniqKey="Mcgready R" first="Rose" last="Mcgready">Rose Mcgready</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mae Sot</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chotivanich, Kesinee" sort="Chotivanich, Kesinee" uniqKey="Chotivanich K" first="Kesinee" last="Chotivanich">Kesinee Chotivanich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bangkok</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clapham, Caroline" sort="Clapham, Caroline" uniqKey="Clapham C" first="Caroline" last="Clapham">Caroline Clapham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</country><wicri:regionArea>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Madang</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baiwog, Francesca" sort="Baiwog, Francesca" uniqKey="Baiwog F" first="Francesca" last="Baiwog">Francesca Baiwog</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</country><wicri:regionArea>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Madang</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimanpanarak, Mupawjay" sort="Pimanpanarak, Mupawjay" uniqKey="Pimanpanarak M" first="Mupawjay" last="Pimanpanarak">Mupawjay Pimanpanarak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mae Sot</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Siba, Peter" sort="Siba, Peter" uniqKey="Siba P" first="Peter" last="Siba">Peter Siba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</country><wicri:regionArea>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Madang</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mueller, Ivo" sort="Mueller, Ivo" uniqKey="Mueller I" first="Ivo" last="Mueller">Ivo Mueller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Population Health & Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Population Health & Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Malaria: Parasites & Hosts Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Malaria: Parasites & Hosts Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="King, Christopher L" sort="King, Christopher L" uniqKey="King C" first="Christopher L." last="King">Christopher L. King</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nosten, Francois" sort="Nosten, Francois" uniqKey="Nosten F" first="François" last="Nosten">François Nosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mae Sot</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beeson, James G" sort="Beeson, James G" uniqKey="Beeson J" first="James G." last="Beeson">James G. Beeson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rogerson, Stephen" sort="Rogerson, Stephen" uniqKey="Rogerson S" first="Stephen" last="Rogerson">Stephen Rogerson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Julie A" sort="Simpson, Julie A" uniqKey="Simpson J" first="Julie A." last="Simpson">Julie A. Simpson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowkes, Freya J I" sort="Fowkes, Freya J I" uniqKey="Fowkes F" first="Freya J. I." last="Fowkes">Freya J. I. Fowkes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29028827</idno><idno type="pmc">5640245</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5640245</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5640245</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0186577</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002999</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002999</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002849</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002849</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000459</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000459</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection and maternofetal antibody transfer in malaria-endemic settings of varying transmission</title><author><name sortKey="Mclean, Alistair R D" sort="Mclean, Alistair R D" uniqKey="Mclean A" first="Alistair R. D." last="Mclean">Alistair R. D. Mclean</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanisic, Danielle" sort="Stanisic, Danielle" uniqKey="Stanisic D" first="Danielle" last="Stanisic">Danielle Stanisic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgready, Rose" sort="Mcgready, Rose" uniqKey="Mcgready R" first="Rose" last="Mcgready">Rose Mcgready</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mae Sot</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chotivanich, Kesinee" sort="Chotivanich, Kesinee" uniqKey="Chotivanich K" first="Kesinee" last="Chotivanich">Kesinee Chotivanich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bangkok</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clapham, Caroline" sort="Clapham, Caroline" uniqKey="Clapham C" first="Caroline" last="Clapham">Caroline Clapham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</country><wicri:regionArea>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Madang</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baiwog, Francesca" sort="Baiwog, Francesca" uniqKey="Baiwog F" first="Francesca" last="Baiwog">Francesca Baiwog</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</country><wicri:regionArea>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Madang</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimanpanarak, Mupawjay" sort="Pimanpanarak, Mupawjay" uniqKey="Pimanpanarak M" first="Mupawjay" last="Pimanpanarak">Mupawjay Pimanpanarak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mae Sot</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Siba, Peter" sort="Siba, Peter" uniqKey="Siba P" first="Peter" last="Siba">Peter Siba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</country><wicri:regionArea>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Madang</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mueller, Ivo" sort="Mueller, Ivo" uniqKey="Mueller I" first="Ivo" last="Mueller">Ivo Mueller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Population Health & Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Population Health & Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Malaria: Parasites & Hosts Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Malaria: Parasites & Hosts Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="King, Christopher L" sort="King, Christopher L" uniqKey="King C" first="Christopher L." last="King">Christopher L. King</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nosten, Francois" sort="Nosten, Francois" uniqKey="Nosten F" first="François" last="Nosten">François Nosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mae Sot</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beeson, James G" sort="Beeson, James G" uniqKey="Beeson J" first="James G." last="Beeson">James G. Beeson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rogerson, Stephen" sort="Rogerson, Stephen" uniqKey="Rogerson S" first="Stephen" last="Rogerson">Stephen Rogerson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Julie A" sort="Simpson, Julie A" uniqKey="Simpson J" first="Julie A." last="Simpson">Julie A. Simpson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowkes, Freya J I" sort="Fowkes, Freya J I" uniqKey="Fowkes F" first="Freya J. I." last="Fowkes">Freya J. I. Fowkes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Introduction</title><p>During pregnancy, immunoglobulin G (IgG) is transferred from the mother to the fetus, providing protection from disease in early infancy. <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> infections may reduce maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency, but mechanisms remain unclear.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>Mother-cord paired serum samples collected at delivery from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Thailand-Myanmar Border Area (TMBA) were tested for IgG1 and IgG3 to four <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> antigens and measles antigen, as well as total serum IgG. Multivariable linear regression was conducted to assess the association of peripheral <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection during pregnancy or placental <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection assessed at delivery with maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency. Path analysis assessed the extent to which associations between <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection and antibody transfer were mediated by gestational age at delivery or levels of maternal total serum IgG.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>Maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency of IgG1 and IgG3 was lower in PNG compared to TMBA (mean difference in cord antibody levels (controlling for maternal antibody levels) ranged from -0.88 to 0.09, median of -0.20 log<sub>2</sub> units). Placental <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infections were associated with substantially lower maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency in PNG primigravid women (mean difference in cord antibody levels (controlling for maternal antibody levels) ranged from -0.62 to -0.10, median of -0.36 log<sub>2</sub> units), but not multigravid women. The lower antibody transfer efficiency amongst primigravid women with placental infection was only partially mediated by gestational age at delivery (proportion indirect effect ranged from 0% to 18%), whereas no mediation effects of maternal total serum IgG were observed.</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Discussion</title><p>Primigravid women may be at risk of impaired maternofetal antibody transport with placental <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection. Direct effects of <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> on the placenta, rather than earlier gestational age and elevated serum IgG, are likely responsible for the majority of the reduction in maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency with placental infection.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chu, Hy" uniqKey="Chu H">HY Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Englund, Ja" uniqKey="Englund J">JA Englund</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bruce Chwatt, Lj" uniqKey="Bruce Chwatt L">LJ Bruce-Chwatt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garnham, Pc" uniqKey="Garnham P">PC Garnham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sehgal, Vm" uniqKey="Sehgal V">VM Sehgal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siddjiqui, Wa" uniqKey="Siddjiqui W">WA 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29028827</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5640245</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0186577</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-17-23595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Parasitology</subject><subj-group><subject>Parasite Groups</subject><subj-group><subject>Apicomplexa</subject><subj-group><subject>Plasmodium</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Physiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Immune Physiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Antibodies</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Physiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Immune Physiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Antibodies</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Immunology</subject><subj-group><subject>Immune System Proteins</subject><subj-group><subject>Antibodies</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Immunology</subject><subj-group><subject>Immune System Proteins</subject><subj-group><subject>Antibodies</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subj-group><subject>Proteins</subject><subj-group><subject>Immune System Proteins</subject><subj-group><subject>Antibodies</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Parasitic Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Malaria</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Tropical Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Malaria</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Parasitic Diseases</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Eukaryota</subject><subj-group><subject>Protozoans</subject><subj-group><subject>Parasitic Protozoans</subject><subj-group><subject>Malarial Parasites</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Pulmonology</subject><subj-group><subject>Respiratory Infections</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Measles</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Developmental Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Embryology</subject><subj-group><subject>Placenta</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Reproductive System</subject><subj-group><subject>Placenta</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Reproductive System</subject><subj-group><subject>Placenta</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title><italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection and maternofetal antibody transfer in malaria-endemic settings of varying transmission</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head"><italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection and maternofetal antibody transfer</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id authenticated="true" contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3449-7142</contrib-id><name><surname>McLean</surname><given-names>Alistair R. D.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Conceptualization</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stanisic</surname><given-names>Danielle</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McGready</surname><given-names>Rose</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff006"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chotivanich</surname><given-names>Kesinee</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff007"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Clapham</surname><given-names>Caroline</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff008"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baiwog</surname><given-names>Francesca</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff008"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pimanpanarak</surname><given-names>Mupawjay</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff005"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Siba</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff008"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mueller</surname><given-names>Ivo</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff009"><sup>9</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff010"><sup>10</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff011"><sup>11</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>King</surname><given-names>Christopher L.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff012"><sup>12</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nosten</surname><given-names>François</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff006"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Beeson</surname><given-names>James G.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff013"><sup>13</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff014"><sup>14</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rogerson</surname><given-names>Stephen</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff013"><sup>13</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Simpson</surname><given-names>Julie A.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Conceptualization</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fowkes</surname><given-names>Freya J. I.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Funding acquisition</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff015"><sup>15</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor001">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff004"><label>4</label><addr-line>Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff005"><label>5</label><addr-line>Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff006"><label>6</label><addr-line>Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff007"><label>7</label><addr-line>Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff008"><label>8</label><addr-line>Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff009"><label>9</label><addr-line>Population Health & Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff010"><label>10</label><addr-line>Malaria: Parasites & Hosts Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff011"><label>11</label><addr-line>Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff012"><label>12</label><addr-line>Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff013"><label>13</label><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff014"><label>14</label><addr-line>Department of Microbiology and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff015"><label>15</label><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Braga</surname><given-names>Érika Martins</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BRAZIL</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>freya.fowkes@burnet.edu.au</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>10</issue><elocation-id>e0186577</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>21</day><month>6</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>3</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2017 McLean et al</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>McLean et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="pone.0186577.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec id="sec001"><title>Introduction</title><p>During pregnancy, immunoglobulin G (IgG) is transferred from the mother to the fetus, providing protection from disease in early infancy. <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> infections may reduce maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency, but mechanisms remain unclear.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>Mother-cord paired serum samples collected at delivery from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Thailand-Myanmar Border Area (TMBA) were tested for IgG1 and IgG3 to four <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> antigens and measles antigen, as well as total serum IgG. Multivariable linear regression was conducted to assess the association of peripheral <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection during pregnancy or placental <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection assessed at delivery with maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency. Path analysis assessed the extent to which associations between <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection and antibody transfer were mediated by gestational age at delivery or levels of maternal total serum IgG.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>Maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency of IgG1 and IgG3 was lower in PNG compared to TMBA (mean difference in cord antibody levels (controlling for maternal antibody levels) ranged from -0.88 to 0.09, median of -0.20 log<sub>2</sub> units). Placental <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infections were associated with substantially lower maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency in PNG primigravid women (mean difference in cord antibody levels (controlling for maternal antibody levels) ranged from -0.62 to -0.10, median of -0.36 log<sub>2</sub> units), but not multigravid women. The lower antibody transfer efficiency amongst primigravid women with placental infection was only partially mediated by gestational age at delivery (proportion indirect effect ranged from 0% to 18%), whereas no mediation effects of maternal total serum IgG were observed.</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Discussion</title><p>Primigravid women may be at risk of impaired maternofetal antibody transport with placental <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> infection. Direct effects of <italic>P</italic>. <italic>falciparum</italic> on the placenta, rather than earlier gestational age and elevated serum IgG, are likely responsible for the majority of the reduction in maternofetal antibody transfer efficiency with placental infection.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (project grant and training award to Freya J. I. Fowkes; Infrastructure for Research Institutes Support Scheme grant, Senior Research Fellowship and Program Grant to JGB and IM, NHMRC Independent Research Institutes Infrastructure Support to the Burnet Institute and WEHI), Australian Research Council (Future Fellowship to Freya J. I. Fowkes), and Victorian State Government Operational Infrastructure Support grant to the Burnet Institute. Alistair R. D. McLean is supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award. Shoklo Malaria Research Unit is part of the Mahidol Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain. The Christophe and Rodolphe Mérieux Foundation supported the study through a prize (2008) to François Nosten. No individuals employed or contracted by the funders (other than the named authors) played any role in: study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="5"></fig-count><table-count count="2"></table-count><page-count count="18"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data is within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data is within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Birmanie</li><li>France</li><li>Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Thaïlande</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Ohio</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Victoria (État)</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Melbourne</li><li>Oxford</li><li>Paris</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Oxford</li><li>Université de Melbourne</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mclean, Alistair R D" sort="Mclean, Alistair R D" uniqKey="Mclean A" first="Alistair R. D." last="Mclean">Alistair R. D. Mclean</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Beeson, James G" sort="Beeson, James G" uniqKey="Beeson J" first="James G." last="Beeson">James G. Beeson</name><name sortKey="Beeson, James G" sort="Beeson, James G" uniqKey="Beeson J" first="James G." last="Beeson">James G. Beeson</name><name sortKey="Beeson, James G" sort="Beeson, James G" uniqKey="Beeson J" first="James G." last="Beeson">James G. Beeson</name><name sortKey="Fowkes, Freya J I" sort="Fowkes, Freya J I" uniqKey="Fowkes F" first="Freya J. I." last="Fowkes">Freya J. I. Fowkes</name><name sortKey="Fowkes, Freya J I" sort="Fowkes, Freya J I" uniqKey="Fowkes F" first="Freya J. I." last="Fowkes">Freya J. I. Fowkes</name><name sortKey="Fowkes, Freya J I" sort="Fowkes, Freya J I" uniqKey="Fowkes F" first="Freya J. I." last="Fowkes">Freya J. I. Fowkes</name><name sortKey="Mclean, Alistair R D" sort="Mclean, Alistair R D" uniqKey="Mclean A" first="Alistair R. D." last="Mclean">Alistair R. D. Mclean</name><name sortKey="Mueller, Ivo" sort="Mueller, Ivo" uniqKey="Mueller I" first="Ivo" last="Mueller">Ivo Mueller</name><name sortKey="Mueller, Ivo" sort="Mueller, Ivo" uniqKey="Mueller I" first="Ivo" last="Mueller">Ivo Mueller</name><name sortKey="Rogerson, Stephen" sort="Rogerson, Stephen" uniqKey="Rogerson S" first="Stephen" last="Rogerson">Stephen Rogerson</name><name sortKey="Simpson, Julie A" sort="Simpson, Julie A" uniqKey="Simpson J" first="Julie A." last="Simpson">Julie A. Simpson</name><name sortKey="Stanisic, Danielle" sort="Stanisic, Danielle" uniqKey="Stanisic D" first="Danielle" last="Stanisic">Danielle Stanisic</name></country><country name="Birmanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mclean, Alistair R D" sort="Mclean, Alistair R D" uniqKey="Mclean A" first="Alistair R. D." last="Mclean">Alistair R. D. Mclean</name></noRegion></country><country name="Thaïlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mcgready, Rose" sort="Mcgready, Rose" uniqKey="Mcgready R" first="Rose" last="Mcgready">Rose Mcgready</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chotivanich, Kesinee" sort="Chotivanich, Kesinee" uniqKey="Chotivanich K" first="Kesinee" last="Chotivanich">Kesinee Chotivanich</name><name sortKey="Nosten, Francois" sort="Nosten, Francois" uniqKey="Nosten F" first="François" last="Nosten">François Nosten</name><name sortKey="Pimanpanarak, Mupawjay" sort="Pimanpanarak, Mupawjay" uniqKey="Pimanpanarak M" first="Mupawjay" last="Pimanpanarak">Mupawjay Pimanpanarak</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Mcgready, Rose" sort="Mcgready, Rose" uniqKey="Mcgready R" first="Rose" last="Mcgready">Rose Mcgready</name></region><name sortKey="Nosten, Francois" sort="Nosten, Francois" uniqKey="Nosten F" first="François" last="Nosten">François Nosten</name></country><country name="Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée"><noRegion><name sortKey="Clapham, Caroline" sort="Clapham, Caroline" uniqKey="Clapham C" first="Caroline" last="Clapham">Caroline Clapham</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Baiwog, Francesca" sort="Baiwog, Francesca" uniqKey="Baiwog F" first="Francesca" last="Baiwog">Francesca Baiwog</name><name sortKey="Siba, Peter" sort="Siba, Peter" uniqKey="Siba P" first="Peter" last="Siba">Peter Siba</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Mueller, Ivo" sort="Mueller, Ivo" uniqKey="Mueller I" first="Ivo" last="Mueller">Ivo Mueller</name></region></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Ohio"><name sortKey="King, Christopher L" sort="King, Christopher L" uniqKey="King C" first="Christopher L." last="King">Christopher L. 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