Evolution of phenotypic plasticity in extreme environments.
Identifieur interne : 000C63 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000C62; suivant : 000C64Evolution of phenotypic plasticity in extreme environments.
Auteurs : Luis-Miguel Chevin [France] ; Ary A. Hoffmann [Australie]Source :
- Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences [ 1471-2970 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity, if adaptive, may allow species to counter the detrimental effects of extreme conditions, but the infrequent occurrence of extreme environments and/or their restriction to low-quality habitats within a species range means that they exert little direct selection on reaction norms. Plasticity could, therefore, be maladaptive under extreme environments, unless genetic correlations are strong between extreme and non-extreme environmental states, and the optimum phenotype changes smoothly with the environment. Empirical evidence suggests that populations and species from more variable environments show higher levels of plasticity that might preadapt them to extremes, but genetic variance for plastic responses can also be low, and genetic variation may not be expressed for some classes of traits under extreme conditions. Much of the empirical literature on plastic responses to extremes has not yet been linked to ecologically relevant conditions, such as asymmetrical fluctuations in the case of temperature extremes. Nevertheless, evolved plastic responses are likely to be important for natural and agricultural species increasingly exposed to climate extremes, and there is an urgent need to collect empirical information and link this to model predictions.This article is part of the themed issue 'Behavioural, ecological and evolutionary responses to extreme climatic events'.
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0138
PubMed: 28483868
Affiliations:
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Hoffmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2970</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Phenotypic plasticity, if adaptive, may allow species to counter the detrimental effects of extreme conditions, but the infrequent occurrence of extreme environments and/or their restriction to low-quality habitats within a species range means that they exert little direct selection on reaction norms. Plasticity could, therefore, be maladaptive under extreme environments, unless genetic correlations are strong between extreme and non-extreme environmental states, and the optimum phenotype changes smoothly with the environment. Empirical evidence suggests that populations and species from more variable environments show higher levels of plasticity that might preadapt them to extremes, but genetic variance for plastic responses can also be low, and genetic variation may not be expressed for some classes of traits under extreme conditions. Much of the empirical literature on plastic responses to extremes has not yet been linked to ecologically relevant conditions, such as asymmetrical fluctuations in the case of temperature extremes. Nevertheless, evolved plastic responses are likely to be important for natural and agricultural species increasingly exposed to climate extremes, and there is an urgent need to collect empirical information and link this to model predictions.This article is part of the themed issue 'Behavioural, ecological and evolutionary responses to extreme climatic events'.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li></country><region><li>Victoria (État)</li></region><settlement><li>Melbourne</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Melbourne</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chevin, Luis Miguel" sort="Chevin, Luis Miguel" uniqKey="Chevin L" first="Luis-Miguel" last="Chevin">Luis-Miguel Chevin</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Victoria (État)"><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Ary A" sort="Hoffmann, Ary A" uniqKey="Hoffmann A" first="Ary A" last="Hoffmann">Ary A. 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