Improving Food Frequency Questionnaires
Identifieur interne : 003623 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 003622; suivant : 003624Improving Food Frequency Questionnaires
Auteurs : Amy F. Subar ; Frances E. Thompson ; Albert F. Smith ; Jared B. Jobe ; Regina G. Ziegler ; Nancy Potischman ; Arthur Schatzkin ; Anne Hartman ; Christine Swanson ; Laura Kruse ; Richard B. Hayes ; Denise Riedel Lewis ; Linda C. HarlanSource :
- Journal of the American Dietetic Association [ 0002-8223 ] ; 1995.
Abstract
Abstract: In an attempt to improve data quality and ease of administration of standard self-administered food frequency questionnaires, various alternative approaches were tried for inquiring about frequency of consumption, portion size, seasonal intake, and food preparation. Evaluation consisted of a cognitive interviewing method in which respondents verbalize their thought process while completing several variations of a questionnaire. Interviewers observed and asked follow-up probe questions to evaluate problems or inconsistencies verbalized by respondents. Consensus and judgment by interviewers and observers suggested several problematic features of food frequency questionnaires: formatting of questions about frequency and portion size; computing average frequencies for aggregated food items or for foods eaten seasonally; comprehension of many items; and ordering of foods. These findings led to cognitive refinement and innovations, which included detailed questions regarding preparation or use of low-fat varieties or other alternatives to help better describe specifics of intake for some foods; questions on seasonal intake for several foods; inclusion of portion size ranges; and additional response categories for frequency of intake. Cognitive interviewing is an important step in pinpointing cognitive problems in dietary questionnaires. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:781-788.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00217-0
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Subar, PhD, MPH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, EPN 313, 6130 Executive Blvd, MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Frances E" sort="Thompson, Frances E" uniqKey="Thompson F" first="Frances E" last="Thompson">Frances E. Thompson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Albert F" sort="Smith, Albert F" uniqKey="Smith A" first="Albert F" last="Smith">Albert F. Smith</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Smith is a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jobe, Jared B" sort="Jobe, Jared B" uniqKey="Jobe J" first="Jared B" last="Jobe">Jared B. Jobe</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>J.B. Jobe is a psychologist with the Behavioral and Social Research Program at the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ziegler, Regina G" sort="Ziegler, Regina G" uniqKey="Ziegler R" first="Regina G" last="Ziegler">Regina G. Ziegler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Potischman, Nancy" sort="Potischman, Nancy" uniqKey="Potischman N" first="Nancy" last="Potischman">Nancy Potischman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schatzkin, Arthur" sort="Schatzkin, Arthur" uniqKey="Schatzkin A" first="Arthur" last="Schatzkin">Arthur Schatzkin</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hartman, Anne" sort="Hartman, Anne" uniqKey="Hartman A" first="Anne" last="Hartman">Anne Hartman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Swanson, Christine" sort="Swanson, Christine" uniqKey="Swanson C" first="Christine" last="Swanson">Christine Swanson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kruse, Laura" sort="Kruse, Laura" uniqKey="Kruse L" first="Laura" last="Kruse">Laura Kruse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>L. Kruse is a nutritionist with the Health Resources and Services Administration, HIV/ Substance Abuse Branch, Rockville, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayes, Richard B" sort="Hayes, Richard B" uniqKey="Hayes R" first="Richard B" last="Hayes">Richard B. Hayes</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Denise Riedel" sort="Lewis, Denise Riedel" uniqKey="Lewis D" first="Denise Riedel" last="Lewis">Denise Riedel Lewis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>D.R. Lewis is an epidemiologist with the Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harlan, Linda C" sort="Harlan, Linda C" uniqKey="Harlan L" first="Linda C" last="Harlan">Linda C. Harlan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. 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Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Address correspondence to: Amy F. Subar, PhD, MPH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, EPN 313, 6130 Executive Blvd, MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Frances E" sort="Thompson, Frances E" uniqKey="Thompson F" first="Frances E" last="Thompson">Frances E. Thompson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Albert F" sort="Smith, Albert F" uniqKey="Smith A" first="Albert F" last="Smith">Albert F. Smith</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Smith is a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jobe, Jared B" sort="Jobe, Jared B" uniqKey="Jobe J" first="Jared B" last="Jobe">Jared B. Jobe</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>J.B. Jobe is a psychologist with the Behavioral and Social Research Program at the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ziegler, Regina G" sort="Ziegler, Regina G" uniqKey="Ziegler R" first="Regina G" last="Ziegler">Regina G. Ziegler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Potischman, Nancy" sort="Potischman, Nancy" uniqKey="Potischman N" first="Nancy" last="Potischman">Nancy Potischman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schatzkin, Arthur" sort="Schatzkin, Arthur" uniqKey="Schatzkin A" first="Arthur" last="Schatzkin">Arthur Schatzkin</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hartman, Anne" sort="Hartman, Anne" uniqKey="Hartman A" first="Anne" last="Hartman">Anne Hartman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Swanson, Christine" sort="Swanson, Christine" uniqKey="Swanson C" first="Christine" last="Swanson">Christine Swanson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kruse, Laura" sort="Kruse, Laura" uniqKey="Kruse L" first="Laura" last="Kruse">Laura Kruse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>L. Kruse is a nutritionist with the Health Resources and Services Administration, HIV/ Substance Abuse Branch, Rockville, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayes, Richard B" sort="Hayes, Richard B" uniqKey="Hayes R" first="Richard B" last="Hayes">Richard B. Hayes</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Denise Riedel" sort="Lewis, Denise Riedel" uniqKey="Lewis D" first="Denise Riedel" last="Lewis">Denise Riedel Lewis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>D.R. Lewis is an epidemiologist with the Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harlan, Linda C" sort="Harlan, Linda C" uniqKey="Harlan L" first="Linda C" last="Harlan">Linda C. Harlan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of the American Dietetic Association</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YJADA</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-8223</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1995">1995</date><biblScope unit="volume">95</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="781">781</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="788">788</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0002-8223</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0002-8223</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: In an attempt to improve data quality and ease of administration of standard self-administered food frequency questionnaires, various alternative approaches were tried for inquiring about frequency of consumption, portion size, seasonal intake, and food preparation. Evaluation consisted of a cognitive interviewing method in which respondents verbalize their thought process while completing several variations of a questionnaire. Interviewers observed and asked follow-up probe questions to evaluate problems or inconsistencies verbalized by respondents. Consensus and judgment by interviewers and observers suggested several problematic features of food frequency questionnaires: formatting of questions about frequency and portion size; computing average frequencies for aggregated food items or for foods eaten seasonally; comprehension of many items; and ordering of foods. These findings led to cognitive refinement and innovations, which included detailed questions regarding preparation or use of low-fat varieties or other alternatives to help better describe specifics of intake for some foods; questions on seasonal intake for several foods; inclusion of portion size ranges; and additional response categories for frequency of intake. Cognitive interviewing is an important step in pinpointing cognitive problems in dietary questionnaires. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:781-788.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>AMY F SUBAR PhD, RD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string><json:string>Address correspondence to: Amy F. Subar, PhD, MPH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, EPN 313, 6130 Executive Blvd, MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>FRANCES E THOMPSON PhD, MPH</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>ALBERT F SMITH PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Smith is a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA</json:string><json:string>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>JARED B JOBE PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>J.B. Jobe is a psychologist with the Behavioral and Social Research Program at the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string><json:string>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>REGINA G ZIEGLER PhD, MPH</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>NANCY POTISCHMAN PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>ARTHUR SCHATZKIN MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>ANNE HARTMAN MS</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>CHRISTINE SWANSON PhD, RD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>LAURA KRUSE MPH, RD</name><affiliations><json:string>L. Kruse is a nutritionist with the Health Resources and Services Administration, HIV/ Substance Abuse Branch, Rockville, Md, USA</json:string><json:string>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>RICHARD B HAYES PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>DENISE RIEDEL LEWIS PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>D.R. Lewis is an epidemiologist with the Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</json:string><json:string>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>LINDA C HARLAN PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>PERSPECTIVES IN PRACTICE</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>217</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6H6-9MP3VTZ0-D</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: In an attempt to improve data quality and ease of administration of standard self-administered food frequency questionnaires, various alternative approaches were tried for inquiring about frequency of consumption, portion size, seasonal intake, and food preparation. Evaluation consisted of a cognitive interviewing method in which respondents verbalize their thought process while completing several variations of a questionnaire. Interviewers observed and asked follow-up probe questions to evaluate problems or inconsistencies verbalized by respondents. Consensus and judgment by interviewers and observers suggested several problematic features of food frequency questionnaires: formatting of questions about frequency and portion size; computing average frequencies for aggregated food items or for foods eaten seasonally; comprehension of many items; and ordering of foods. These findings led to cognitive refinement and innovations, which included detailed questions regarding preparation or use of low-fat varieties or other alternatives to help better describe specifics of intake for some foods; questions on seasonal intake for several foods; inclusion of portion size ranges; and additional response categories for frequency of intake. Cognitive interviewing is an important step in pinpointing cognitive problems in dietary questionnaires. 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Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Address correspondence to: Amy F. Subar, PhD, MPH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, EPN 313, 6130 Executive Blvd, MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">FRANCES E</forename><surname>THOMPSON</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD, MPH</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">ALBERT F</forename><surname>SMITH</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Smith is a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">JARED B</forename><surname>JOBE</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>J.B. Jobe is a psychologist with the Behavioral and Social Research Program at the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">REGINA G</forename><surname>ZIEGLER</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD, MPH</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">NANCY</forename><surname>POTISCHMAN</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">ARTHUR</forename><surname>SCHATZKIN</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">ANNE</forename><surname>HARTMAN</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MS</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">CHRISTINE</forename><surname>SWANSON</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD, RD</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">LAURA</forename><surname>KRUSE</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MPH, RD</roleName><affiliation>L. Kruse is a nutritionist with the Health Resources and Services Administration, HIV/ Substance Abuse Branch, Rockville, Md, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0010"><persName><forename type="first">RICHARD B</forename><surname>HAYES</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0011"><persName><forename type="first">DENISE RIEDEL</forename><surname>LEWIS</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>D.R. Lewis is an epidemiologist with the Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0012"><persName><forename type="first">LINDA C</forename><surname>HARLAN</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">E2737D7A094116C89CA67A5CCAC51AF17ABC0BC7</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-9MP3VTZ0-D</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00217-0</idno><idno type="PII">S0002-8223(95)00217-0</idno><idno type="article-id">217</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of the American Dietetic Association</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YJADA</title><idno type="pISSN">0002-8223</idno><idno type="PII">S0002-8223(00)X0084-3</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1995"></date><biblScope unit="volume">95</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="781">781</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="788">788</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1995</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: In an attempt to improve data quality and ease of administration of standard self-administered food frequency questionnaires, various alternative approaches were tried for inquiring about frequency of consumption, portion size, seasonal intake, and food preparation. Evaluation consisted of a cognitive interviewing method in which respondents verbalize their thought process while completing several variations of a questionnaire. Interviewers observed and asked follow-up probe questions to evaluate problems or inconsistencies verbalized by respondents. Consensus and judgment by interviewers and observers suggested several problematic features of food frequency questionnaires: formatting of questions about frequency and portion size; computing average frequencies for aggregated food items or for foods eaten seasonally; comprehension of many items; and ordering of foods. These findings led to cognitive refinement and innovations, which included detailed questions regarding preparation or use of low-fat varieties or other alternatives to help better describe specifics of intake for some foods; questions on seasonal intake for several foods; inclusion of portion size ranges; and additional response categories for frequency of intake. Cognitive interviewing is an important step in pinpointing cognitive problems in dietary questionnaires. 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Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFFB"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>A.F. Smith is a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFFC"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>J.B. Jobe is a psychologist with the Behavioral and Social Research Program at the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFFD"><ce:label>d</ce:label><ce:textfn>L. Kruse is a nutritionist with the Health Resources and Services Administration, HIV/ Substance Abuse Branch, Rockville, Md, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFFE"><ce:label>e</ce:label><ce:textfn>D.R. Lewis is an epidemiologist with the Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFFF"><ce:label>f</ce:label><ce:textfn>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORAST"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Address correspondence to: Amy F. Subar, PhD, MPH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, EPN 313, 6130 Executive Blvd, MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:abstract class="author"><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0025">In an attempt to improve data quality and ease of administration of standard self-administered food frequency questionnaires, various alternative approaches were tried for inquiring about frequency of consumption, portion size, seasonal intake, and food preparation. Evaluation consisted of a cognitive interviewing method in which respondents verbalize their thought process while completing several variations of a questionnaire. Interviewers observed and asked follow-up probe questions to evaluate problems or inconsistencies verbalized by respondents. Consensus and judgment by interviewers and observers suggested several problematic features of food frequency questionnaires: formatting of questions about frequency and portion size; computing average frequencies for aggregated food items or for foods eaten seasonally; comprehension of many items; and ordering of foods. These findings led to cognitive refinement and innovations, which included detailed questions regarding preparation or use of low-fat varieties or other alternatives to help better describe specifics of intake for some foods; questions on seasonal intake for several foods; inclusion of portion size ranges; and additional response categories for frequency of intake. Cognitive interviewing is an important step in pinpointing cognitive problems in dietary questionnaires. <ce:italic>J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:781-788.</ce:italic></ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Improving Food Frequency Questionnaires</title><subTitle>A Qualitative Approach Using Cognitive Interviewing</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Improving Food Frequency Questionnaires</title><subTitle>A Qualitative Approach Using Cognitive Interviewing</subTitle></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">AMY F</namePart><namePart type="family">SUBAR</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD, RD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Address correspondence to: Amy F. Subar, PhD, MPH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, EPN 313, 6130 Executive Blvd, MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">FRANCES E</namePart><namePart type="family">THOMPSON</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD, MPH</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ALBERT F</namePart><namePart type="family">SMITH</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Smith is a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JARED B</namePart><namePart type="family">JOBE</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>J.B. Jobe is a psychologist with the Behavioral and Social Research Program at the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">REGINA G</namePart><namePart type="family">ZIEGLER</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD, MPH</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">NANCY</namePart><namePart type="family">POTISCHMAN</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ARTHUR</namePart><namePart type="family">SCHATZKIN</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ANNE</namePart><namePart type="family">HARTMAN</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MS</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">CHRISTINE</namePart><namePart type="family">SWANSON</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD, RD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">LAURA</namePart><namePart type="family">KRUSE</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MPH, RD</namePart><affiliation>L. Kruse is a nutritionist with the Health Resources and Services Administration, HIV/ Substance Abuse Branch, Rockville, Md, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">RICHARD B</namePart><namePart type="family">HAYES</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">DENISE RIEDEL</namePart><namePart type="family">LEWIS</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>D.R. Lewis is an epidemiologist with the Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA</affiliation><affiliation>At the time of the study, A.F. Smith was a psychologist in the Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamion; J.B. Jobe was a psychologist at the National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Research and Methodology, Hyattsville, Md; L. Kruse was a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute; and D.R. Lewis was an epidemiologist with the Nova Research Company, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">LINDA C</namePart><namePart type="family">HARLAN</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>A.F. Subar is a nutritionist, F.E. Thompson and L. C. Harlan are epidemiologists, A. Hartman is a statistician, and A. Schatzkin is a physician in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, R. G. Ziegler, N. Potischman, and R.B. Hayes are epidemiologists and C. Swanson is a nutritionist in the Division of Cancer Etiology at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1995</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1995</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: In an attempt to improve data quality and ease of administration of standard self-administered food frequency questionnaires, various alternative approaches were tried for inquiring about frequency of consumption, portion size, seasonal intake, and food preparation. Evaluation consisted of a cognitive interviewing method in which respondents verbalize their thought process while completing several variations of a questionnaire. Interviewers observed and asked follow-up probe questions to evaluate problems or inconsistencies verbalized by respondents. Consensus and judgment by interviewers and observers suggested several problematic features of food frequency questionnaires: formatting of questions about frequency and portion size; computing average frequencies for aggregated food items or for foods eaten seasonally; comprehension of many items; and ordering of foods. These findings led to cognitive refinement and innovations, which included detailed questions regarding preparation or use of low-fat varieties or other alternatives to help better describe specifics of intake for some foods; questions on seasonal intake for several foods; inclusion of portion size ranges; and additional response categories for frequency of intake. Cognitive interviewing is an important step in pinpointing cognitive problems in dietary questionnaires. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:781-788.</abstract><note type="content">FIG 1: Examples of ‘methods used to query portion size in phase 1.</note><note type="content">FIG 2: Examples of embedding methods in phase 1.</note><note type="content">FIG 3: Examples of formatting in phase 2.</note><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>PERSPECTIVES IN PRACTICE</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of the American Dietetic Association</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YJADA</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1995</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0002-8223</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0002-8223(00)X0084-3</identifier><part><date>1995</date><detail type="volume"><number>95</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>7</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>737</start><end>840</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>781</start><end>788</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">E2737D7A094116C89CA67A5CCAC51AF17ABC0BC7</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-9MP3VTZ0-D</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00217-0</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0002-8223(95)00217-0</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">217</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1995 American Dietetic Association</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>American Dietetic Association, ©1995</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-9MP3VTZ0-D/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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