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Impulse responses in bacterial chemotaxis

Identifieur interne : 000806 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000805; suivant : 000807

Impulse responses in bacterial chemotaxis

Auteurs : Steven M. Block [États-Unis] ; Jeffrey E. Segall [États-Unis] ; Howard C. Berg [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:F1EADF4DFCCD047A25BF822896EEBD7DF54615E8

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: The chemotactic behavior of Escherichia coli has been studied by exposing cells tethered by a single flagellum to pulses of chemicals delivered iontophoretically. Normally, wild-type cells spin alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, changing their direction on the average approximately once per second. When cells were exposed to a very brief diffusive wave of attractant, the probability of spinning counterclockwise quickly peaked, then fell below the prestimulus value, returning to baseline within a few seconds; repellent responses were similar but inverted. The width of the response indicates that cells integrate sensory inputs over a period of seconds, while the biphasic character implies that they also take time derivates of these inputs. The sensory system is maximally tuned to concentration changes that occur over a span of approximately 2 sec, an interval over which changes normally occur when cells swim in spatial gradients; it is optimized to extract information from signals subject to statistical fluctuation. Impulse responses of cells defective in methylation were similar to those of wild-type cells, but did not fall as far below the baseline, indicating a partial defect in adaptation. Impulse responses of cheZ mutants were aberrant, indicating a serious defect in excitation.

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90421-4


Affiliations:


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<term>National Institute of Allergy</term>
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<term>Howard C. Berg</term>
<term>J. Adler</term>
<term>J. S. Parkinson</term>
<term>Markus Meister</term>
<term>Paul Meyer</term>
<term>Responses</term>
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<term>Time Figure</term>
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<term>Acad</term>
<term>Adaptation time</term>
<term>Angular velocity</term>
<term>Appropriate magnitude</term>
<term>Arbitrary stimulus</term>
<term>Arbitrary time</term>
<term>Attractant</term>
<term>Attractant response</term>
<term>Autocorrelation function</term>
<term>Average reversal rate</term>
<term>Bacterial chemotaxis</term>
<term>Bacterial motility</term>
<term>Bacterial time figure</term>
<term>Bandpass property</term>
<term>Baseline</term>
<term>Berg</term>
<term>Biphasic character</term>
<term>Cell move</term>
<term>Characteristic time</term>
<term>Che6 deletion</term>
<term>Chemoreceptor occupancy</term>
<term>Chemotactic</term>
<term>Chemotactic behavior</term>
<term>Chemotaxis</term>
<term>Chemotaxis protein</term>
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<term>Cher deletion</term>
<term>Cher gene</term>
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<term>Chez mutant</term>
<term>Coli</term>
<term>Convolution</term>
<term>Current trajectory</term>
<term>Datum</term>
<term>Deletion</term>
<term>Derivative</term>
<term>Different cell</term>
<term>Diffusive wave</term>
<term>Directional bias</term>
<term>Double deletion</term>
<term>Escherichia</term>
<term>Escherichia coli</term>
<term>Event marker</term>
<term>Excitation</term>
<term>Experimental procedure</term>
<term>External medium</term>
<term>First lobe</term>
<term>First second</term>
<term>Flagellar</term>
<term>Flagellar filament</term>
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<term>Flagellar rotation</term>
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<term>High response threshold</term>
<term>Identical time course</term>
<term>Impulse response</term>
<term>Individual record</term>
<term>Initial mode</term>
<term>Initial peak</term>
<term>Initial phase</term>
<term>Initial state</term>
<term>Initial value</term>
<term>Instantaneous reversal rate</term>
<term>Interval equal</term>
<term>Iontophoretic</term>
<term>Iontophoretic technique</term>
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<term>Limited amount</term>
<term>Limited range</term>
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<term>Many second</term>
<term>Maximally sensitive</term>
<term>Maximum value</term>
<term>Mechanism responsible</term>
<term>Memory time</term>
<term>Methylaccepting chemotaxis protein</term>
<term>Methylation</term>
<term>Motility</term>
<term>Motility medium</term>
<term>Msec</term>
<term>Much smaller</term>
<term>Multiple methylation</term>
<term>Mutant</term>
<term>Mutant cell</term>
<term>Nickel chloride</term>
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<term>Pathway</term>
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<term>Pipette</term>
<term>Prestimulus value</term>
<term>Probability function</term>
<term>Proc</term>
<term>Rate constant</term>
<term>Real datum</term>
<term>Recent review</term>
<term>Repellent</term>
<term>Repellent response</term>
<term>Response latency</term>
<term>Reversal</term>
<term>Reversal rate</term>
<term>Reversible carboxymethylation</term>
<term>Rotation interval</term>
<term>Rotational</term>
<term>Rotational behavior</term>
<term>Rotational bias</term>
<term>Same response</term>
<term>Same time course</term>
<term>Segall</term>
<term>Sensory input</term>
<term>Sensory system</term>
<term>Sensory transduction</term>
<term>Serious problem</term>
<term>Short impulse</term>
<term>Shorter time</term>
<term>Signal processing</term>
<term>Signal subject</term>
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<term>Similar time course</term>
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<term>Solid line</term>
<term>Spatial gradient</term>
<term>Spontaneous reversal</term>
<term>Springer</term>
<term>Statistical fluctuation</term>
<term>Step stimulus</term>
<term>Stimulus current</term>
<term>Subsequent analysis</term>
<term>Tedesco</term>
<term>Third order filter</term>
<term>Thorium chloride</term>
<term>Time axis</term>
<term>Time constant</term>
<term>Time course</term>
<term>Time derivative</term>
<term>Time domain</term>
<term>Time figure</term>
<term>Time scale</term>
<term>Time span</term>
<term>Total number</term>
<term>Tumble mode</term>
<term>Undershoot</term>
<term>Vertical line</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The chemotactic behavior of Escherichia coli has been studied by exposing cells tethered by a single flagellum to pulses of chemicals delivered iontophoretically. Normally, wild-type cells spin alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, changing their direction on the average approximately once per second. When cells were exposed to a very brief diffusive wave of attractant, the probability of spinning counterclockwise quickly peaked, then fell below the prestimulus value, returning to baseline within a few seconds; repellent responses were similar but inverted. The width of the response indicates that cells integrate sensory inputs over a period of seconds, while the biphasic character implies that they also take time derivates of these inputs. The sensory system is maximally tuned to concentration changes that occur over a span of approximately 2 sec, an interval over which changes normally occur when cells swim in spatial gradients; it is optimized to extract information from signals subject to statistical fluctuation. Impulse responses of cells defective in methylation were similar to those of wild-type cells, but did not fall as far below the baseline, indicating a partial defect in adaptation. Impulse responses of cheZ mutants were aberrant, indicating a serious defect in excitation.</div>
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