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Twitter evolution: converging mechanisms in birdsong and human speech

Identifieur interne : 000605 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000604; suivant : 000606

Twitter evolution: converging mechanisms in birdsong and human speech

Auteurs : Johan J. Bolhuis ; Kazuo Okanoya ; Constance Scharff

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:3A83EAB6F1309ABD723E34CAB932921C3CD5DBB5

English descriptors

Abstract

Vocal imitation in human infants and in some orders of birds relies on auditory-guided motor learning during a sensitive period of development. It proceeds from 'babbling' (in humans) and 'subsong' (in birds) through distinct phases towards the full-fledged communication system. Language development and birdsong learning have parallels at the behavioural, neural and genetic levels. Different orders of birds have evolved networks of brain regions for song learning and production that have a surprisingly similar gross anatomy, with analogies to human cortical regions and basal ganglia. Comparisons between different songbird species and humans point towards both general and species-specific principles of vocal learning and have identified common neural and molecular substrates, including the forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) gene.

Url:
DOI: 10.1038/nrn2931

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:3A83EAB6F1309ABD723E34CAB932921C3CD5DBB5

Le document en format XML

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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="eng">Vocal imitation in human infants and in some orders of birds relies on auditory-guided motor learning during a sensitive period of development. It proceeds from 'babbling' (in humans) and 'subsong' (in birds) through distinct phases towards the full-fledged communication system. Language development and birdsong learning have parallels at the behavioural, neural and genetic levels. Different orders of birds have evolved networks of brain regions for song learning and production that have a surprisingly similar gross anatomy, with analogies to human cortical regions and basal ganglia. Comparisons between different songbird species and humans point towards both general and species-specific principles of vocal learning and have identified common neural and molecular substrates, including the forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) gene.</div>
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<li>Unlike non-human primates, songbirds learn to vocalize very much like human infants learn to speak. In both cases, young individuals form auditory memories of the vocalizations of adults during a sensitive period, and they acquire their own vocalizations through a transitional phase that is called 'subsong' in birds and 'babbling' in infants.</li>
<li>In songbirds, a network of interconnected brain nuclei, known as the song system, is involved in the perception, learning and production of song. Parts of the song system are analogous — and possibly homologous — to human basal ganglia as well as regions in the frontal cortex that are involved in speech.</li>
<li>In songbirds, regions outside the song system, in the caudal pallium, are involved in auditory memory; activation of one of these regions, the caudiomedial nidopallium (NCM), is related to the strength of tutor song memory. These pallial regions are analogous — and possibly homologous — to a region in the human temporal lobe known as the auditory association cortex that is involved in speech processing.</li>
<li>In both humans and songbirds, the vocal 'motor regions' are also involved in auditory perception. For learning and maintenance of speech and birdsong, continual interaction between auditory and motor regions to match what is heard and what is produced is necessary.</li>
<li>Some species of songbirds including Bengalese finches (
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<li>FOXP2 is the first gene specifically implicated in speech and language, and its sequences are more than 90% conserved between birds and mammals. FOXP2 is regulated developmentally and seasonally and by singing activity in songbirds, and experimentally downregulated FOXP2 levels impair song learning.</li>
<li>Further multidisciplinary research is needed to study the molecular, neural and cognitive mechanisms of birdsong, and its similarities with human speech. Such analyses may ultimately have heuristic value for the study of speech acquisition and production in humans and its underlying mechanisms.</li>
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<websumm>Recent research has revealed similarities between speech and birdsong on different levels. Bolhuis et al. discuss parallels between humans and songbirds in terms of vocal learning, the neural networks underlying vocalization and the role of FOXP2, highlighting both general and species-specific principles.</websumm>
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<p>Vocal imitation in human infants and in some orders of birds relies on auditory-guided motor learning during a sensitive period of development. It proceeds from 'babbling' (in humans) and 'subsong' (in birds) through distinct phases towards the full-fledged communication system. Language development and birdsong learning have parallels at the behavioural, neural and genetic levels. Different orders of birds have evolved networks of brain regions for song learning and production that have a surprisingly similar gross anatomy, with analogies to human cortical regions and basal ganglia. Comparisons between different songbird species and humans point towards both general and species-specific principles of vocal learning and have identified common neural and molecular substrates, including the forkhead box P2 (
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<abstract lang="eng">Vocal imitation in human infants and in some orders of birds relies on auditory-guided motor learning during a sensitive period of development. It proceeds from 'babbling' (in humans) and 'subsong' (in birds) through distinct phases towards the full-fledged communication system. Language development and birdsong learning have parallels at the behavioural, neural and genetic levels. Different orders of birds have evolved networks of brain regions for song learning and production that have a surprisingly similar gross anatomy, with analogies to human cortical regions and basal ganglia. Comparisons between different songbird species and humans point towards both general and species-specific principles of vocal learning and have identified common neural and molecular substrates, including the forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) gene.</abstract>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S1 (box) : Birdsong learning: variations on a theme [nrn2931-s1]</note>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S2 (box) : A specialised neural circuit involved in avian 'babbling' [nrn2931-s2]</note>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S3 (box) : Syntax and semantics in bird vocalisations [nrn2931-s3]</note>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S4 (box) : Neural mechanisms of human syntax [nrn2931-s4]</note>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S5 (box) : Syntactic organisation and recursion in birds and humans [nrn2931-s5]</note>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S6 (box) : Mirror neurons in song and speech [nrn2931-s6]</note>
<note type="additional-physical-form">Supplementary information S7 (box) : The role of sleep in song and speech [nrn2931-s7]</note>
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<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2010 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.</accessCondition>
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