Genome-Wide Association Study in German Patients With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Identifieur interne : 000362 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000361; suivant : 000363Genome-Wide Association Study in German Patients With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Auteurs : Anke Hinney ; André Scherag ; Ivonne Jarick ; Özgür Albayrak ; Carolin Pütter ; Sonali Pechlivanis ; Maria R. Dauvermann ; Sebastian Beck ; Heike Weber ; Susann Scherag ; Trang T. Nguyen ; Anna-Lena Volckmar ; Nadja Knoll ; Stephen V. Faraone ; Benjamin M. Neale ; Barbara Franke ; Sven Cichon ; Per Hoffmann ; Markus M. Nöthen ; Stefan Schreiber ; Karl-Heinz Jöckel ; H.-Erich Wichmann ; Christine Freitag ; Thomas Lempp ; Jobst Meyer ; Susanne Gilsbach ; Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann ; Judith Sinzig ; Gerd Lehmkuhl ; Tobias J. Renner ; Andreas Warnke ; Marcel Romanos ; Klaus-Peter Lesch ; Andreas Ref ; Benno G. Schimmelmann ; Johannes HebebrandSource :
- American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics [ 1552-4841 ] ; 2011.
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Abstract
The heritability of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is approximately 0.8. Despite several larger scale attempts, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not led to the identification of significant results. We performed a GWAS based on 495 German young patients with ADHD (according to DSM-IV criteria; Human660W-Quadvl; Illumina, San Diego, CA) and on 1,300 population-based adult controls (HumanHap550v3; Illumina). Some genes neighboring the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the lowest P-values (best P-value: 8.38 x 10-7) have potential relevance for ADHD (e.g., glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5 gene, GRM5). After quality control, the 30 independent SNPs with the lowest P-values (P-values < 7.57 x 10-5) were chosen for confirmation. Genotyping of these SNPs in up to 320 independent German families comprising at least one child with ADHD revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 19 (10 not consistent) of the SNPs. In silico analyses of the 30 SNPs in the largest meta-analysis so far (2,064 trios, 896 cases, and 2,455 controls) revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 16 SNPs (11 not consistent). None of the combined analyses revealed a genome-wide significant result. SNPs in previously described autosomal candidate genes did not show significantly lower P-values compared to SNPs within random sets of genes of the same size. We did not find genomewide significant results in a GWAS of German children with ADHD compared to controls. The second best SNP is located in an intron of GRM5, a gene located within a recently described region with an infrequent copy number variation in patients with ADHD.
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| NO : | PASCAL 11-0497209 INIST |
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| ET : | Genome-Wide Association Study in German Patients With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| AU : | HINNEY (Anke); SCHERAG (André); JARICK (Ivonne); ALBAYRAK (Özgür); PÜTTER (Carolin); PECHLIVANIS (Sonali); DAUVERMANN (Maria R.); BECK (Sebastian); WEBER (Heike); SCHERAG (Susann); NGUYEN (Trang T.); VOLCKMAR (Anna-Lena); KNOLL (Nadja); FARAONE (Stephen V.); NEALE (Benjamin M.); FRANKE (Barbara); CICHON (Sven); HOFFMANN (Per); NÖTHEN (Markus M.); SCHREIBER (Stefan); JÖCKEL (Karl-Heinz); WICHMANN (H.-Erich); FREITAG (Christine); LEMPP (Thomas); MEYER (Jobst); GILSBACH (Susanne); HERPERTZ-DAHLMANN (Beate); SINZIG (Judith); LEHMKUHL (Gerd); RENNER (Tobias J.); WARNKE (Andreas); ROMANOS (Marcel); LESCH (Klaus-Peter); REF (Andreas); SCHIMMELMANN (Benno G.); HEBEBRAND (Johannes) |
| AF : | Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen/Essen/Allemagne (1 aut., 4 aut., 7 aut., 8 aut., 10 aut., 12 aut., 13 aut., 35 aut., 36 aut.); Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen/Essen/Allemagne (2 aut., 5 aut., 6 aut., 21 aut.); Institute for Medical Biometrie and Epidemiologie, Philipps-University Marburg/Marburg/Allemagne (3 aut., 11 aut.); University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern/Bern/Suisse (7 aut., 35 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg/Wuerzburg/Allemagne (9 aut., 30 aut., 31 aut.); Medical Genetics Research, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research SUNY Upstate Medical University/Syracuse, New York/Etats-Unis (14 aut.); Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital/Boston, Massachusetts/Etats-Unis (15 aut.); Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Cambridge, Massachusetts/Etats-Unis (15 aut.); Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre/Nijmegen/Pays-Bas (16 aut.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Center Juelich/Juelich/Allemagne (17 aut.); Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn/Bonn/Allemagne (17 aut., 18 aut., 19 aut.); Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn/Bonn/Allemagne (17 aut., 18 aut., 19 aut.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein/Kiel/Allemagne (20 aut.); Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health/Munich/Allemagne (22 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main/Allemagne (23 aut., 24 aut.); Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier/Trier/Allemagne (25 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics/Aachen/Allemagne (26 aut., 27 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne/Cologne/Allemagne (28 aut., 29 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR - Clinic Bonn/Bonn/Allemagne (28 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich/Munich/Allemagne (32 aut.); Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg/Wuerzburg/Allemagne (33 aut., 34 aut.) |
| DT : | Publication en série; Niveau analytique |
| SO : | American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics; ISSN 1552-4841; Etats-Unis; Da. 2011; Vol. 156; No. 8; Pp. 888-897; Bibl. 2 p.3/4 |
| LA : | Anglais |
| EA : | The heritability of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is approximately 0.8. Despite several larger scale attempts, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not led to the identification of significant results. We performed a GWAS based on 495 German young patients with ADHD (according to DSM-IV criteria; Human660W-Quadvl; Illumina, San Diego, CA) and on 1,300 population-based adult controls (HumanHap550v3; Illumina). Some genes neighboring the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the lowest P-values (best P-value: 8.38 x 10-7) have potential relevance for ADHD (e.g., glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5 gene, GRM5). After quality control, the 30 independent SNPs with the lowest P-values (P-values < 7.57 x 10-5) were chosen for confirmation. Genotyping of these SNPs in up to 320 independent German families comprising at least one child with ADHD revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 19 (10 not consistent) of the SNPs. In silico analyses of the 30 SNPs in the largest meta-analysis so far (2,064 trios, 896 cases, and 2,455 controls) revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 16 SNPs (11 not consistent). None of the combined analyses revealed a genome-wide significant result. SNPs in previously described autosomal candidate genes did not show significantly lower P-values compared to SNPs within random sets of genes of the same size. We did not find genomewide significant results in a GWAS of German children with ADHD compared to controls. The second best SNP is located in an intron of GRM5, a gene located within a recently described region with an infrequent copy number variation in patients with ADHD. |
| CC : | 002B23 |
| FD : | Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité; Génome; Association; Allemagne; Homme; Malade; Enfant; Précoce |
| FG : | Europe |
| ED : | Attention disorder with hyperactivity; Genome; Association; Germany; Human; Patient; Child; Early |
| EG : | Europe |
| SD : | Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad; Genoma; Asociación; Alemania; Hombre; Enfermo; Niño; Precoz |
| LO : | INIST-17405B.354000505592600020 |
| ID : | 11-0497209 |
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Dauvermann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beck, Sebastian" sort="Beck, Sebastian" uniqKey="Beck S" first="Sebastian" last="Beck">Sebastian Beck</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Heike" sort="Weber, Heike" uniqKey="Weber H" first="Heike" last="Weber">Heike Weber</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scherag, Susann" sort="Scherag, Susann" uniqKey="Scherag S" first="Susann" last="Scherag">Susann Scherag</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Trang T" sort="Nguyen, Trang T" uniqKey="Nguyen T" first="Trang T." last="Nguyen">Trang T. 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Faraone</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Medical Genetics Research, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research SUNY Upstate Medical University</s1><s2>Syracuse, New York</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Benjamin M" sort="Neale, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Neale B" first="Benjamin M." last="Neale">Benjamin M. Neale</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital</s1><s2>Boston, Massachusetts</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Cambridge, Massachusetts</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Barbara" sort="Franke, Barbara" uniqKey="Franke B" first="Barbara" last="Franke">Barbara Franke</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre</s1><s2>Nijmegen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cichon, Sven" sort="Cichon, Sven" uniqKey="Cichon S" first="Sven" last="Cichon">Sven Cichon</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Center Juelich</s1><s2>Juelich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Per" sort="Hoffmann, Per" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Per" last="Hoffmann">Per Hoffmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nothen, Markus M" sort="Nothen, Markus M" uniqKey="Nothen M" first="Markus M." last="Nöthen">Markus M. Nöthen</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schreiber, Stefan" sort="Schreiber, Stefan" uniqKey="Schreiber S" first="Stefan" last="Schreiber">Stefan Schreiber</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein</s1><s2>Kiel</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jockel, Karl Heinz" sort="Jockel, Karl Heinz" uniqKey="Jockel K" first="Karl-Heinz" last="Jöckel">Karl-Heinz Jöckel</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wichmann, H Erich" sort="Wichmann, H Erich" uniqKey="Wichmann H" first="H.-Erich" last="Wichmann">H.-Erich Wichmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health</s1><s2>Munich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>22 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freitag, Christine" sort="Freitag, Christine" uniqKey="Freitag C" first="Christine" last="Freitag">Christine Freitag</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lempp, Thomas" sort="Lempp, Thomas" uniqKey="Lempp T" first="Thomas" last="Lempp">Thomas Lempp</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Jobst" sort="Meyer, Jobst" uniqKey="Meyer J" first="Jobst" last="Meyer">Jobst Meyer</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier</s1><s2>Trier</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilsbach, Susanne" sort="Gilsbach, Susanne" uniqKey="Gilsbach S" first="Susanne" last="Gilsbach">Susanne Gilsbach</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics</s1><s2>Aachen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herpertz Dahlmann, Beate" sort="Herpertz Dahlmann, Beate" uniqKey="Herpertz Dahlmann B" first="Beate" last="Herpertz-Dahlmann">Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics</s1><s2>Aachen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinzig, Judith" sort="Sinzig, Judith" uniqKey="Sinzig J" first="Judith" last="Sinzig">Judith Sinzig</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne</s1><s2>Cologne</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="19"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR - Clinic Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lehmkuhl, Gerd" sort="Lehmkuhl, Gerd" uniqKey="Lehmkuhl G" first="Gerd" last="Lehmkuhl">Gerd Lehmkuhl</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne</s1><s2>Cologne</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renner, Tobias J" sort="Renner, Tobias J" uniqKey="Renner T" first="Tobias J." last="Renner">Tobias J. Renner</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warnke, Andreas" sort="Warnke, Andreas" uniqKey="Warnke A" first="Andreas" last="Warnke">Andreas Warnke</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Romanos, Marcel" sort="Romanos, Marcel" uniqKey="Romanos M" first="Marcel" last="Romanos">Marcel Romanos</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="20"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich</s1><s2>Munich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lesch, Klaus Peter" sort="Lesch, Klaus Peter" uniqKey="Lesch K" first="Klaus-Peter" last="Lesch">Klaus-Peter Lesch</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="21"><s1>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ><sZ>34 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ref, Andreas" sort="Ref, Andreas" uniqKey="Ref A" first="Andreas" last="Ref">Andreas Ref</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="21"><s1>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ><sZ>34 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schimmelmann, Benno G" sort="Schimmelmann, Benno G" uniqKey="Schimmelmann B" first="Benno G." last="Schimmelmann">Benno G. Schimmelmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hebebrand, Johannes" sort="Hebebrand, Johannes" uniqKey="Hebebrand J" first="Johannes" last="Hebebrand">Johannes Hebebrand</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">11-0497209</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 11-0497209 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:11-0497209</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000362</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Genome-Wide Association Study in German Patients With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder</title><author><name sortKey="Hinney, Anke" sort="Hinney, Anke" uniqKey="Hinney A" first="Anke" last="Hinney">Anke Hinney</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scherag, Andre" sort="Scherag, Andre" uniqKey="Scherag A" first="André" last="Scherag">André Scherag</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jarick, Ivonne" sort="Jarick, Ivonne" uniqKey="Jarick I" first="Ivonne" last="Jarick">Ivonne Jarick</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Institute for Medical Biometrie and Epidemiologie, Philipps-University Marburg</s1><s2>Marburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albayrak, Ozgur" sort="Albayrak, Ozgur" uniqKey="Albayrak O" first="Özgür" last="Albayrak">Özgür Albayrak</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Putter, Carolin" sort="Putter, Carolin" uniqKey="Putter C" first="Carolin" last="Pütter">Carolin Pütter</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pechlivanis, Sonali" sort="Pechlivanis, Sonali" uniqKey="Pechlivanis S" first="Sonali" last="Pechlivanis">Sonali Pechlivanis</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauvermann, Maria R" sort="Dauvermann, Maria R" uniqKey="Dauvermann M" first="Maria R." last="Dauvermann">Maria R. Dauvermann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beck, Sebastian" sort="Beck, Sebastian" uniqKey="Beck S" first="Sebastian" last="Beck">Sebastian Beck</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Heike" sort="Weber, Heike" uniqKey="Weber H" first="Heike" last="Weber">Heike Weber</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scherag, Susann" sort="Scherag, Susann" uniqKey="Scherag S" first="Susann" last="Scherag">Susann Scherag</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Trang T" sort="Nguyen, Trang T" uniqKey="Nguyen T" first="Trang T." last="Nguyen">Trang T. Nguyen</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Institute for Medical Biometrie and Epidemiologie, Philipps-University Marburg</s1><s2>Marburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Volckmar, Anna Lena" sort="Volckmar, Anna Lena" uniqKey="Volckmar A" first="Anna-Lena" last="Volckmar">Anna-Lena Volckmar</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knoll, Nadja" sort="Knoll, Nadja" uniqKey="Knoll N" first="Nadja" last="Knoll">Nadja Knoll</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Stephen V" sort="Faraone, Stephen V" uniqKey="Faraone S" first="Stephen V." last="Faraone">Stephen V. Faraone</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Medical Genetics Research, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research SUNY Upstate Medical University</s1><s2>Syracuse, New York</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Benjamin M" sort="Neale, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Neale B" first="Benjamin M." last="Neale">Benjamin M. Neale</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital</s1><s2>Boston, Massachusetts</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Cambridge, Massachusetts</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Barbara" sort="Franke, Barbara" uniqKey="Franke B" first="Barbara" last="Franke">Barbara Franke</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre</s1><s2>Nijmegen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cichon, Sven" sort="Cichon, Sven" uniqKey="Cichon S" first="Sven" last="Cichon">Sven Cichon</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Center Juelich</s1><s2>Juelich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Per" sort="Hoffmann, Per" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Per" last="Hoffmann">Per Hoffmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nothen, Markus M" sort="Nothen, Markus M" uniqKey="Nothen M" first="Markus M." last="Nöthen">Markus M. Nöthen</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schreiber, Stefan" sort="Schreiber, Stefan" uniqKey="Schreiber S" first="Stefan" last="Schreiber">Stefan Schreiber</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein</s1><s2>Kiel</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jockel, Karl Heinz" sort="Jockel, Karl Heinz" uniqKey="Jockel K" first="Karl-Heinz" last="Jöckel">Karl-Heinz Jöckel</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wichmann, H Erich" sort="Wichmann, H Erich" uniqKey="Wichmann H" first="H.-Erich" last="Wichmann">H.-Erich Wichmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health</s1><s2>Munich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>22 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freitag, Christine" sort="Freitag, Christine" uniqKey="Freitag C" first="Christine" last="Freitag">Christine Freitag</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lempp, Thomas" sort="Lempp, Thomas" uniqKey="Lempp T" first="Thomas" last="Lempp">Thomas Lempp</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Jobst" sort="Meyer, Jobst" uniqKey="Meyer J" first="Jobst" last="Meyer">Jobst Meyer</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier</s1><s2>Trier</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilsbach, Susanne" sort="Gilsbach, Susanne" uniqKey="Gilsbach S" first="Susanne" last="Gilsbach">Susanne Gilsbach</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics</s1><s2>Aachen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herpertz Dahlmann, Beate" sort="Herpertz Dahlmann, Beate" uniqKey="Herpertz Dahlmann B" first="Beate" last="Herpertz-Dahlmann">Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics</s1><s2>Aachen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinzig, Judith" sort="Sinzig, Judith" uniqKey="Sinzig J" first="Judith" last="Sinzig">Judith Sinzig</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne</s1><s2>Cologne</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="19"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR - Clinic Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lehmkuhl, Gerd" sort="Lehmkuhl, Gerd" uniqKey="Lehmkuhl G" first="Gerd" last="Lehmkuhl">Gerd Lehmkuhl</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne</s1><s2>Cologne</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renner, Tobias J" sort="Renner, Tobias J" uniqKey="Renner T" first="Tobias J." last="Renner">Tobias J. Renner</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warnke, Andreas" sort="Warnke, Andreas" uniqKey="Warnke A" first="Andreas" last="Warnke">Andreas Warnke</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Romanos, Marcel" sort="Romanos, Marcel" uniqKey="Romanos M" first="Marcel" last="Romanos">Marcel Romanos</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="20"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich</s1><s2>Munich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lesch, Klaus Peter" sort="Lesch, Klaus Peter" uniqKey="Lesch K" first="Klaus-Peter" last="Lesch">Klaus-Peter Lesch</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="21"><s1>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ><sZ>34 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ref, Andreas" sort="Ref, Andreas" uniqKey="Ref A" first="Andreas" last="Ref">Andreas Ref</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="21"><s1>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ><sZ>34 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schimmelmann, Benno G" sort="Schimmelmann, Benno G" uniqKey="Schimmelmann B" first="Benno G." last="Schimmelmann">Benno G. Schimmelmann</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hebebrand, Johannes" sort="Hebebrand, Johannes" uniqKey="Hebebrand J" first="Johannes" last="Hebebrand">Johannes Hebebrand</name><affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Am. j. med. genet., Part B Neuropsychiatr. genet.</title><idno type="ISSN">1552-4841</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Am. j. med. genet., Part B Neuropsychiatr. genet.</title><idno type="ISSN">1552-4841</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Association</term><term>Attention disorder with hyperactivity</term><term>Child</term><term>Early</term><term>Genome</term><term>Germany</term><term>Human</term><term>Patient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité</term><term>Génome</term><term>Association</term><term>Allemagne</term><term>Homme</term><term>Malade</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Précoce</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The heritability of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is approximately 0.8. Despite several larger scale attempts, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not led to the identification of significant results. We performed a GWAS based on 495 German young patients with ADHD (according to DSM-IV criteria; Human660W-Quadvl; Illumina, San Diego, CA) and on 1,300 population-based adult controls (HumanHap550v3; Illumina). Some genes neighboring the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the lowest P-values (best P-value: 8.38 x 10<sup>-7</sup>) have potential relevance for ADHD (e.g., glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5 gene, GRM5). After quality control, the 30 independent SNPs with the lowest P-values (P-values < 7.57 x 10<sup>-5</sup>) were chosen for confirmation. Genotyping of these SNPs in up to 320 independent German families comprising at least one child with ADHD revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 19 (10 not consistent) of the SNPs. In silico analyses of the 30 SNPs in the largest meta-analysis so far (2,064 trios, 896 cases, and 2,455 controls) revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 16 SNPs (11 not consistent). None of the combined analyses revealed a genome-wide significant result. SNPs in previously described autosomal candidate genes did not show significantly lower P-values compared to SNPs within random sets of genes of the same size. We did not find genomewide significant results in a GWAS of German children with ADHD compared to controls. The second best SNP is located in an intron of GRM5, a gene located within a recently described region with an infrequent copy number variation in patients with ADHD.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>1552-4841</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Am. j. med. genet., Part B Neuropsychiatr. genet.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>156</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>8</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Genome-Wide Association Study in German Patients With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>HINNEY (Anke)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>SCHERAG (André)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>JARICK (Ivonne)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>ALBAYRAK (Özgür)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>PÜTTER (Carolin)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>PECHLIVANIS (Sonali)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>DAUVERMANN (Maria R.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>BECK (Sebastian)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="09" i2="1"><s1>WEBER (Heike)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="10" i2="1"><s1>SCHERAG (Susann)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="11" i2="1"><s1>NGUYEN (Trang T.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="12" i2="1"><s1>VOLCKMAR (Anna-Lena)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="13" i2="1"><s1>KNOLL (Nadja)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="14" i2="1"><s1>FARAONE (Stephen V.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="15" i2="1"><s1>NEALE (Benjamin M.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="16" i2="1"><s1>FRANKE (Barbara)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="17" i2="1"><s1>CICHON (Sven)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="18" i2="1"><s1>HOFFMANN (Per)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="19" i2="1"><s1>NÖTHEN (Markus M.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="20" i2="1"><s1>SCHREIBER (Stefan)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="21" i2="1"><s1>JÖCKEL (Karl-Heinz)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="22" i2="1"><s1>WICHMANN (H.-Erich)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="23" i2="1"><s1>FREITAG (Christine)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="24" i2="1"><s1>LEMPP (Thomas)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="25" i2="1"><s1>MEYER (Jobst)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="26" i2="1"><s1>GILSBACH (Susanne)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="27" i2="1"><s1>HERPERTZ-DAHLMANN (Beate)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="28" i2="1"><s1>SINZIG (Judith)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="29" i2="1"><s1>LEHMKUHL (Gerd)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="30" i2="1"><s1>RENNER (Tobias J.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="31" i2="1"><s1>WARNKE (Andreas)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="32" i2="1"><s1>ROMANOS (Marcel)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="33" i2="1"><s1>LESCH (Klaus-Peter)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="34" i2="1"><s1>REF (Andreas)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="35" i2="1"><s1>SCHIMMELMANN (Benno G.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="36" i2="1"><s1>HEBEBRAND (Johannes)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ><sZ>36 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen</s1><s2>Essen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>Institute for Medical Biometrie and Epidemiologie, Philipps-University Marburg</s1><s2>Marburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="04"><s1>University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>35 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>30 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="06"><s1>Medical Genetics Research, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research SUNY Upstate Medical University</s1><s2>Syracuse, New York</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="07"><s1>Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital</s1><s2>Boston, Massachusetts</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="08"><s1>Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Cambridge, Massachusetts</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="09"><s1>Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre</s1><s2>Nijmegen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="10"><s1>Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Center Juelich</s1><s2>Juelich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="12"><s1>Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="13"><s1>Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein</s1><s2>Kiel</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="14"><s1>Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health</s1><s2>Munich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>22 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main</s1><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier</s1><s2>Trier</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="17"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics</s1><s2>Aachen</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>26 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="18"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne</s1><s2>Cologne</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="19"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR - Clinic Bonn</s1><s2>Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>28 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="20"><s1>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich</s1><s2>Munich</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="21"><s1>Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg</s1><s2>Wuerzburg</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ><sZ>34 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA17 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>Psychiatric GWAS Consortium: ADHD subgroup</s1><s3>INC</s3></fA17><fA20><s1>888-897</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2011</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>17405B</s2><s5>354000505592600020</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2011 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>2 p.3/4</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>11-0497209</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>The heritability of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is approximately 0.8. Despite several larger scale attempts, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not led to the identification of significant results. We performed a GWAS based on 495 German young patients with ADHD (according to DSM-IV criteria; Human660W-Quadvl; Illumina, San Diego, CA) and on 1,300 population-based adult controls (HumanHap550v3; Illumina). Some genes neighboring the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the lowest P-values (best P-value: 8.38 x 10<sup>-7</sup>) have potential relevance for ADHD (e.g., glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5 gene, GRM5). After quality control, the 30 independent SNPs with the lowest P-values (P-values < 7.57 x 10<sup>-5</sup>) were chosen for confirmation. Genotyping of these SNPs in up to 320 independent German families comprising at least one child with ADHD revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 19 (10 not consistent) of the SNPs. In silico analyses of the 30 SNPs in the largest meta-analysis so far (2,064 trios, 896 cases, and 2,455 controls) revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 16 SNPs (11 not consistent). None of the combined analyses revealed a genome-wide significant result. SNPs in previously described autosomal candidate genes did not show significantly lower P-values compared to SNPs within random sets of genes of the same size. We did not find genomewide significant results in a GWAS of German children with ADHD compared to controls. The second best SNP is located in an intron of GRM5, a gene located within a recently described region with an infrequent copy number variation in patients with ADHD.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B23</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Attention disorder with hyperactivity</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Génome</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Genome</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Genoma</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Association</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Association</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Asociación</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Allemagne</s0><s2>NG</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Germany</s0><s2>NG</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Alemania</s0><s2>NG</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Homme</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Human</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hombre</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Malade</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Patient</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enfermo</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Enfant</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Child</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Niño</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Précoce</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Early</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Precoz</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Europe</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Europe</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Europa</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fN21><s1>346</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA></standard><server><NO>PASCAL 11-0497209 INIST</NO><ET>Genome-Wide Association Study in German Patients With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder</ET><AU>HINNEY (Anke); SCHERAG (André); JARICK (Ivonne); ALBAYRAK (Özgür); PÜTTER (Carolin); PECHLIVANIS (Sonali); DAUVERMANN (Maria R.); BECK (Sebastian); WEBER (Heike); SCHERAG (Susann); NGUYEN (Trang T.); VOLCKMAR (Anna-Lena); KNOLL (Nadja); FARAONE (Stephen V.); NEALE (Benjamin M.); FRANKE (Barbara); CICHON (Sven); HOFFMANN (Per); NÖTHEN (Markus M.); SCHREIBER (Stefan); JÖCKEL (Karl-Heinz); WICHMANN (H.-Erich); FREITAG (Christine); LEMPP (Thomas); MEYER (Jobst); GILSBACH (Susanne); HERPERTZ-DAHLMANN (Beate); SINZIG (Judith); LEHMKUHL (Gerd); RENNER (Tobias J.); WARNKE (Andreas); ROMANOS (Marcel); LESCH (Klaus-Peter); REF (Andreas); SCHIMMELMANN (Benno G.); HEBEBRAND (Johannes)</AU><AF>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen/Essen/Allemagne (1 aut., 4 aut., 7 aut., 8 aut., 10 aut., 12 aut., 13 aut., 35 aut., 36 aut.); Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen/Essen/Allemagne (2 aut., 5 aut., 6 aut., 21 aut.); Institute for Medical Biometrie and Epidemiologie, Philipps-University Marburg/Marburg/Allemagne (3 aut., 11 aut.); University Hospital of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern/Bern/Suisse (7 aut., 35 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg/Wuerzburg/Allemagne (9 aut., 30 aut., 31 aut.); Medical Genetics Research, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research SUNY Upstate Medical University/Syracuse, New York/Etats-Unis (14 aut.); Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital/Boston, Massachusetts/Etats-Unis (15 aut.); Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Cambridge, Massachusetts/Etats-Unis (15 aut.); Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre/Nijmegen/Pays-Bas (16 aut.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Center Juelich/Juelich/Allemagne (17 aut.); Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn/Bonn/Allemagne (17 aut., 18 aut., 19 aut.); Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn/Bonn/Allemagne (17 aut., 18 aut., 19 aut.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein/Kiel/Allemagne (20 aut.); Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health/Munich/Allemagne (22 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main/Allemagne (23 aut., 24 aut.); Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier/Trier/Allemagne (25 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen, University Clinics/Aachen/Allemagne (26 aut., 27 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne/Cologne/Allemagne (28 aut., 29 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR - Clinic Bonn/Bonn/Allemagne (28 aut.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich/Munich/Allemagne (32 aut.); Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg/Wuerzburg/Allemagne (33 aut., 34 aut.)</AF><DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT><SO>American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics; ISSN 1552-4841; Etats-Unis; Da. 2011; Vol. 156; No. 8; Pp. 888-897; Bibl. 2 p.3/4</SO><LA>Anglais</LA><EA>The heritability of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is approximately 0.8. Despite several larger scale attempts, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not led to the identification of significant results. We performed a GWAS based on 495 German young patients with ADHD (according to DSM-IV criteria; Human660W-Quadvl; Illumina, San Diego, CA) and on 1,300 population-based adult controls (HumanHap550v3; Illumina). Some genes neighboring the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the lowest P-values (best P-value: 8.38 x 10<sup>-7</sup>) have potential relevance for ADHD (e.g., glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5 gene, GRM5). After quality control, the 30 independent SNPs with the lowest P-values (P-values < 7.57 x 10<sup>-5</sup>) were chosen for confirmation. Genotyping of these SNPs in up to 320 independent German families comprising at least one child with ADHD revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 19 (10 not consistent) of the SNPs. In silico analyses of the 30 SNPs in the largest meta-analysis so far (2,064 trios, 896 cases, and 2,455 controls) revealed directionally consistent effect-size point estimates for 16 SNPs (11 not consistent). None of the combined analyses revealed a genome-wide significant result. SNPs in previously described autosomal candidate genes did not show significantly lower P-values compared to SNPs within random sets of genes of the same size. We did not find genomewide significant results in a GWAS of German children with ADHD compared to controls. The second best SNP is located in an intron of GRM5, a gene located within a recently described region with an infrequent copy number variation in patients with ADHD.</EA><CC>002B23</CC><FD>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité; Génome; Association; Allemagne; Homme; Malade; Enfant; Précoce</FD><FG>Europe</FG><ED>Attention disorder with hyperactivity; Genome; Association; Germany; Human; Patient; Child; Early</ED><EG>Europe</EG><SD>Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad; Genoma; Asociación; Alemania; Hombre; Enfermo; Niño; Precoz</SD><LO>INIST-17405B.354000505592600020</LO><ID>11-0497209</ID></server></inist></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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