Pituitary and adrenal hormone responses to pharmacological, physical, and psychological stimulation in habitual smokers and nonsmokers.
Identifieur interne : 000A76 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000A75; suivant : 000A77Pituitary and adrenal hormone responses to pharmacological, physical, and psychological stimulation in habitual smokers and nonsmokers.
Auteurs : C. Kirschbaum [Allemagne] ; G. Scherer ; C J StrasburgerSource :
- The Clinical investigator [ 0941-0198 ] ; 1994.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (secretion), Adult, Circadian Rhythm, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Cotinine (blood), Exercise Test, Growth Hormone (secretion), Humans, Hydrocortisone (analysis), Hydrocortisone (secretion), Male, Nicotine (blood), Pituitary-Adrenal System (drug effects), Pituitary-Adrenal System (secretion), Prolactin (secretion), Saliva (chemistry), Smoking (physiopathology), Stress, Psychological (physiopathology).
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Hydrocortisone.
- chemical , blood : Cotinine, Nicotine.
- chemical , secretion : Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Growth Hormone, Hydrocortisone, Prolactin.
- chemistry : Saliva.
- drug effects : Pituitary-Adrenal System.
- physiopathology : Smoking, Stress, Psychological.
- secretion : Pituitary-Adrenal System.
- Adult, Circadian Rhythm, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Exercise Test, Humans, Male.
Abstract
Hormone responses to injection of corticotropin-releasing hormone following bicycle ergometry and psychological stress were studied in ten habitual smokers and ten nonsmokers. Compared to injection of saline, significant increases were found in adrenocorticotropin, prolactin, growth hormone, total serum cortisol, and salivary cortisol under all three stimulations except for salivary cortisol under ergometry. Furthermore, the smokers showed significant elevations of all five hormones investigated following the smoking of two cigarettes of the subject's preferred brand. Comparisons of hormone responses between smokers and nonsmokers revealed a general trend towards stronger responses in nonsmokers. However, due to the small number of subjects investigated and considerable variation in the individual hormone responses these differences reached statistical significance only for growth hormone responses following ergometry and salivary cortisol responses after psychological stress. In addition, the circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol was measured on two occasions between 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. in the subject's natural environment. The typical circadian pattern of decreasing cortisol levels was observed, with no significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers. We conclude that chronic nicotine consumption may lead to lower responses of multiple hormones not only to nicotine but to a variety of stimuli, and that these alterations do not necessarily affect unstimulated circadian profiles of free cortisol.
PubMed: 7865987
Affiliations:
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pubmed:7865987Le document en format XML
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<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
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<term>Adult</term>
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<term>Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone</term>
<term>Cotinine (blood)</term>
<term>Exercise Test</term>
<term>Growth Hormone (secretion)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Hydrocortisone (analysis)</term>
<term>Hydrocortisone (secretion)</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Nicotine (blood)</term>
<term>Pituitary-Adrenal System (drug effects)</term>
<term>Pituitary-Adrenal System (secretion)</term>
<term>Prolactin (secretion)</term>
<term>Saliva (chemistry)</term>
<term>Smoking (physiopathology)</term>
<term>Stress, Psychological (physiopathology)</term>
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<term>Nicotine</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="secretion" xml:lang="en"><term>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone</term>
<term>Growth Hormone</term>
<term>Hydrocortisone</term>
<term>Prolactin</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Saliva</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Pituitary-Adrenal System</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Smoking</term>
<term>Stress, Psychological</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Hormone responses to injection of corticotropin-releasing hormone following bicycle ergometry and psychological stress were studied in ten habitual smokers and ten nonsmokers. Compared to injection of saline, significant increases were found in adrenocorticotropin, prolactin, growth hormone, total serum cortisol, and salivary cortisol under all three stimulations except for salivary cortisol under ergometry. Furthermore, the smokers showed significant elevations of all five hormones investigated following the smoking of two cigarettes of the subject's preferred brand. Comparisons of hormone responses between smokers and nonsmokers revealed a general trend towards stronger responses in nonsmokers. However, due to the small number of subjects investigated and considerable variation in the individual hormone responses these differences reached statistical significance only for growth hormone responses following ergometry and salivary cortisol responses after psychological stress. In addition, the circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol was measured on two occasions between 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. in the subject's natural environment. The typical circadian pattern of decreasing cortisol levels was observed, with no significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers. We conclude that chronic nicotine consumption may lead to lower responses of multiple hormones not only to nicotine but to a variety of stimuli, and that these alterations do not necessarily affect unstimulated circadian profiles of free cortisol.</div>
</front>
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<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Scherer, G" sort="Scherer, G" uniqKey="Scherer G" first="G" last="Scherer">G. Scherer</name>
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