Car Backlight Position and Fog Density Bias Observer-Car Distance Estimates and Time-to-Collision Judgments
Identifieur interne : 001505 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001504; suivant : 001506Car Backlight Position and Fog Density Bias Observer-Car Distance Estimates and Time-to-Collision Judgments
Auteurs : Axel Buchner [Allemagne] ; Martin Brandt [Allemagne] ; Raoul Bell [Allemagne] ; Judith Weise [Allemagne]Source :
- Human Factors: The Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society [ 0018-7208 ] ; 2006-06.
Abstract
Objective: A series of experiments assessed biases in perceived distance that occur while driving as a function of the backlight position of the car ahead and fog density. Background: V. Cavallo, M. Colomb, and J. Doré (2001) have shown that smaller horizontal backlight separation and fog may result in increased estimates of the distance between an observer and a car of which only the backlights are visible. They also predicted that raising the height of the car backlights would lead to increasing distance estimates. Method: Distance perception was assessed in both static and dynamic computer-simulated scenarios in which the distance estimates were performed using a familiarized analog scale or using time-to-collision judgments for both pairs of backlights and single backlights. Results: In a series of five experiments, the horizontal separation and fog density effects were replicated. In addition, distance estimates were consistently larger with higher than with lower vertical backlight positions. Conclusion: There is reason to believe that biases in distance perception may be augmented by car backlight positions and by low-visibility weather conditions. Application: Car designers should take backlight placement seriously. Speed-dependent car-to-car distance control systems seem desirable to counteract biases in distance perception.
Url:
DOI: 10.1518/001872006777724363
Affiliations:
- Allemagne
- Bade-Wurtemberg, District de Düsseldorf, District de Karlsruhe, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie
- Düsseldorf, Mannheim
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Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Objective: A series of experiments assessed biases in perceived distance that occur while driving as a function of the backlight position of the car ahead and fog density. Background: V. Cavallo, M. Colomb, and J. Doré (2001) have shown that smaller horizontal backlight separation and fog may result in increased estimates of the distance between an observer and a car of which only the backlights are visible. They also predicted that raising the height of the car backlights would lead to increasing distance estimates. Method: Distance perception was assessed in both static and dynamic computer-simulated scenarios in which the distance estimates were performed using a familiarized analog scale or using time-to-collision judgments for both pairs of backlights and single backlights. Results: In a series of five experiments, the horizontal separation and fog density effects were replicated. In addition, distance estimates were consistently larger with higher than with lower vertical backlight positions. Conclusion: There is reason to believe that biases in distance perception may be augmented by car backlight positions and by low-visibility weather conditions. Application: Car designers should take backlight placement seriously. Speed-dependent car-to-car distance control systems seem desirable to counteract biases in distance perception.</div>
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