Rapid cortisol enhancement of psychomotor and startle reactions to side-congruent stimuli in a focused cross-modal choice reaction time paradigm.
Identifieur interne : 000342 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000341; suivant : 000343Rapid cortisol enhancement of psychomotor and startle reactions to side-congruent stimuli in a focused cross-modal choice reaction time paradigm.
Auteurs : Thomas M. Schilling [Allemagne] ; Mauro F. Larra [Allemagne] ; Christian E. Deuter [Allemagne] ; Terry D. Blumenthal [États-Unis] ; Hartmut Sch Chinger [Allemagne]Source :
- European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology [ 1873-7862 ] ; 2014.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Choice Behavior (drug effects), Cross-Over Studies, Humans, Hydrocortisone (metabolism), Hydrocortisone (pharmacology), Male, Psychomotor Performance (drug effects), Reaction Time (drug effects), Reflex, Startle (drug effects), Saccades (drug effects), Saliva (metabolism), Single-Blind Method, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Hydrocortisone.
- drug effects : Choice Behavior, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Reflex, Startle, Saccades.
- metabolism : Saliva.
- chemical , pharmacology : Hydrocortisone.
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Cross-Over Studies, Humans, Male, Single-Blind Method, Young Adult.
Abstract
The stress hormone cortisol has been shown to affect hemodynamic activity of human brain structures, presumably via a nongenomic mechanism. However, behavioral implications of this finding remain unknown. In a placebo-controlled, blinded, cross-over design the rapid effects of IV hydrocortisone (5mg) on cross-modal integration of simultaneous, unilateral visual and acoustic signals in a challenging startle and reaction time (RT) paradigm were studied. On two separate days 1 week apart, 24 male volunteers responded by button push to either up- or down pointing triangles presented in random sequence in the periphery of one of the visual hemi-fields. Visual targets were accompanied by unilateral acoustic startle noise bursts, presented at the same or opposite side. Saccadic latency, manual RT, and startle eye blink responses were recorded. Faster manual reactions and increased startle eye blink responses were observed 11-20 min after hydrocortisone administration when visual targets and unilateral acoustic startle noises were presented in the same sensory hemi-field, but not when presented in opposite sensory hemi-fields. Our results suggest that a nongenomic, cortisol-sensitive mechanism enhances psychomotor and startle reactions when stimuli occur in the same sensory hemi-field. Such basic cognitive effects of cortisol may serve rapid adaptation and protection against danger stimuli in stressful contexts.
DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.09.002
PubMed: 25262177
Affiliations:
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Schilling</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Psychobiology, Division of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, D-54290 Trier, Germany. Electronic address: schilling@uni-trier.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychobiology, Division of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, D-54290 Trier</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>54290 Trier</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Trèves</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Trèves (Allemagne)</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-Palatinat</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larra, Mauro F" sort="Larra, Mauro F" uniqKey="Larra M" first="Mauro F" last="Larra">Mauro F. Larra</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Psychobiology, Division of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, D-54290 Trier, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychobiology, Division of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, D-54290 Trier</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>54290 Trier</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Trèves</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Trèves (Allemagne)</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-Palatinat</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deuter, Christian E" sort="Deuter, Christian E" uniqKey="Deuter C" first="Christian E" last="Deuter">Christian E. 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However, behavioral implications of this finding remain unknown. In a placebo-controlled, blinded, cross-over design the rapid effects of IV hydrocortisone (5mg) on cross-modal integration of simultaneous, unilateral visual and acoustic signals in a challenging startle and reaction time (RT) paradigm were studied. On two separate days 1 week apart, 24 male volunteers responded by button push to either up- or down pointing triangles presented in random sequence in the periphery of one of the visual hemi-fields. Visual targets were accompanied by unilateral acoustic startle noise bursts, presented at the same or opposite side. Saccadic latency, manual RT, and startle eye blink responses were recorded. Faster manual reactions and increased startle eye blink responses were observed 11-20 min after hydrocortisone administration when visual targets and unilateral acoustic startle noises were presented in the same sensory hemi-field, but not when presented in opposite sensory hemi-fields. Our results suggest that a nongenomic, cortisol-sensitive mechanism enhances psychomotor and startle reactions when stimuli occur in the same sensory hemi-field. Such basic cognitive effects of cortisol may serve rapid adaptation and protection against danger stimuli in stressful contexts.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Caroline du Nord</li><li>Rhénanie-Palatinat</li></region><settlement><li>Trèves (Allemagne)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Trèves</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Rhénanie-Palatinat"><name sortKey="Schilling, Thomas M" sort="Schilling, Thomas M" uniqKey="Schilling T" first="Thomas M" last="Schilling">Thomas M. Schilling</name></region><name sortKey="Deuter, Christian E" sort="Deuter, Christian E" uniqKey="Deuter C" first="Christian E" last="Deuter">Christian E. Deuter</name><name sortKey="Larra, Mauro F" sort="Larra, Mauro F" uniqKey="Larra M" first="Mauro F" last="Larra">Mauro F. Larra</name><name sortKey="Sch Chinger, Hartmut" sort="Sch Chinger, Hartmut" uniqKey="Sch Chinger H" first="Hartmut" last="Sch Chinger">Hartmut Sch Chinger</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Caroline du Nord"><name sortKey="Blumenthal, Terry D" sort="Blumenthal, Terry D" uniqKey="Blumenthal T" first="Terry D" last="Blumenthal">Terry D. Blumenthal</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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