ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
Identifieur interne : 001649 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001648; suivant : 001650ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
Auteurs : Alexander Dilger ; Bernd Frick ; Frank TolsdorfSource :
- Contemporary Economic Policy [ 1074-3529 ] ; 2007-10.
Abstract
Sports fans all over the world have recently witnessed an increasing number of spectacular doping cases, leading to considerable annoyance in the public. However, our knowledge regarding the prevalence of doping is still quite limited, leading some people to speculate that (nearly) all professional athletes are doped and possibly even have to be doped to be good enough to compete successfully in highly selective tournaments. On the other hand, particularly representatives of the sports associations pretend that since the number of positively tested athletes remains small, there are only a few “black sheep,” while in general, the world of sport is clean and fair. In the recent past, a number of theoretical models have been developed that can be empirically tested, which, in the end, may lead to the formulation of policy recommendations (ranging from higher sanctions to legalizing doping). We review the more important models and present anecdotal as well as some quantitative empirical evidence on the prevalence as well as the determinants of doping. (JEL K42, L83, M52)
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00076.x
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title><author><name sortKey="Dilger, Alexander" sort="Dilger, Alexander" uniqKey="Dilger A" first="Alexander" last="Dilger">Alexander Dilger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dilger: Professor, Institute for Economic Education and Centrum for Management, University of Münster, Scharnhorststr. 100, D‐48151 Münster, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐251‐83‐25330, Fax +49‐251‐3‐28429, E‐mail alexander.dilger@uni‐muenster.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frick, Bernd" sort="Frick, Bernd" uniqKey="Frick B" first="Bernd" last="Frick">Bernd Frick</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Frick: Professor, Department of Management, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, North Rhine‐Westphalia. Phone +49‐5251‐60‐2097, Fax +49‐5251‐60‐3242, E‐mail bernd.frick@notes.uni‐paderborn.de, and Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Community, University of Trier, D‐54286 Trier, Rhineland‐Palatinate, Germany. E‐mail bfrick@uni‐wh.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolsdorf, Frank" sort="Tolsdorf, Frank" uniqKey="Tolsdorf F" first="Frank" last="Tolsdorf">Frank Tolsdorf</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Tolsdorf: Research Assistant, Faculty of Management and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred‐Herrhausen‐Strasse 50, D‐58448 Witten, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐2302‐926‐564, Fax +49‐2303‐926‐587, E‐mail frank.tolsdorf@uni‐wh.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39</idno><date when="2007" year="2007">2007</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00076.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001649</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001649</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title><author><name sortKey="Dilger, Alexander" sort="Dilger, Alexander" uniqKey="Dilger A" first="Alexander" last="Dilger">Alexander Dilger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dilger: Professor, Institute for Economic Education and Centrum for Management, University of Münster, Scharnhorststr. 100, D‐48151 Münster, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐251‐83‐25330, Fax +49‐251‐3‐28429, E‐mail alexander.dilger@uni‐muenster.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frick, Bernd" sort="Frick, Bernd" uniqKey="Frick B" first="Bernd" last="Frick">Bernd Frick</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Frick: Professor, Department of Management, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, North Rhine‐Westphalia. Phone +49‐5251‐60‐2097, Fax +49‐5251‐60‐3242, E‐mail bernd.frick@notes.uni‐paderborn.de, and Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Community, University of Trier, D‐54286 Trier, Rhineland‐Palatinate, Germany. E‐mail bfrick@uni‐wh.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolsdorf, Frank" sort="Tolsdorf, Frank" uniqKey="Tolsdorf F" first="Frank" last="Tolsdorf">Frank Tolsdorf</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Tolsdorf: Research Assistant, Faculty of Management and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred‐Herrhausen‐Strasse 50, D‐58448 Witten, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐2302‐926‐564, Fax +49‐2303‐926‐587, E‐mail frank.tolsdorf@uni‐wh.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Contemporary Economic Policy</title><idno type="ISSN">1074-3529</idno><idno type="eISSN">1465-7287</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2007-10">2007-10</date><biblScope unit="volume">25</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="604">604</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="615">615</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1074-3529</idno></series><idno type="istex">9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00076.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">COEP76</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1074-3529</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Sports fans all over the world have recently witnessed an increasing number of spectacular doping cases, leading to considerable annoyance in the public. However, our knowledge regarding the prevalence of doping is still quite limited, leading some people to speculate that (nearly) all professional athletes are doped and possibly even have to be doped to be good enough to compete successfully in highly selective tournaments. On the other hand, particularly representatives of the sports associations pretend that since the number of positively tested athletes remains small, there are only a few “black sheep,” while in general, the world of sport is clean and fair. In the recent past, a number of theoretical models have been developed that can be empirically tested, which, in the end, may lead to the formulation of policy recommendations (ranging from higher sanctions to legalizing doping). We review the more important models and present anecdotal as well as some quantitative empirical evidence on the prevalence as well as the determinants of doping. (JEL K42, L83, M52)</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>ALEXANDER DILGER</name><affiliations><json:string>Dilger: Professor, Institute for Economic Education and Centrum for Management, University of Münster, Scharnhorststr. 100, D‐48151 Münster, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐251‐83‐25330, Fax +49‐251‐3‐28429, E‐mail alexander.dilger@uni‐muenster.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>BERND FRICK</name><affiliations><json:string>Frick: Professor, Department of Management, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, North Rhine‐Westphalia. Phone +49‐5251‐60‐2097, Fax +49‐5251‐60‐3242, E‐mail bernd.frick@notes.uni‐paderborn.de, and Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Community, University of Trier, D‐54286 Trier, Rhineland‐Palatinate, Germany. E‐mail bfrick@uni‐wh.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>FRANK TOLSDORF</name><affiliations><json:string>Tolsdorf: Research Assistant, Faculty of Management and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred‐Herrhausen‐Strasse 50, D‐58448 Witten, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐2302‐926‐564, Fax +49‐2303‐926‐587, E‐mail frank.tolsdorf@uni‐wh.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>COEP76</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Sports fans all over the world have recently witnessed an increasing number of spectacular doping cases, leading to considerable annoyance in the public. However, our knowledge regarding the prevalence of doping is still quite limited, leading some people to speculate that (nearly) all professional athletes are doped and possibly even have to be doped to be good enough to compete successfully in highly selective tournaments. On the other hand, particularly representatives of the sports associations pretend that since the number of positively tested athletes remains small, there are only a few “black sheep,” while in general, the world of sport is clean and fair. In the recent past, a number of theoretical models have been developed that can be empirically tested, which, in the end, may lead to the formulation of policy recommendations (ranging from higher sanctions to legalizing doping). We review the more important models and present anecdotal as well as some quantitative empirical evidence on the prevalence as well as the determinants of doping. 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Sozialwissenschaftlich beobachtet</title></host><title>“Wie können die Doping‐Zwickmühlen überwunden werden?”</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>25</volume><publisherId><json:string>COEP</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>12</total><last>615</last><first>604</first></pages><issn><json:string>1074-3529</json:string></issn><issue>4</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1465-7287</json:string></eissn><title>Contemporary Economic Policy</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1465-7287</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>social science</json:string><json:string>public administration</json:string><json:string>economics</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>economic & social sciences</json:string><json:string>economics & business </json:string><json:string>economics</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2007</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2007</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00076.x</json:string></doi><id>9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39</id><score>0.4843353</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2007</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">ALEXANDER</forename><surname>DILGER</surname></persName><note type="biography">We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</note><affiliation>We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</affiliation><affiliation>Dilger: Professor, Institute for Economic Education and Centrum for Management, University of Münster, Scharnhorststr. 100, D‐48151 Münster, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐251‐83‐25330, Fax +49‐251‐3‐28429, E‐mail alexander.dilger@uni‐muenster.de</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">BERND</forename><surname>FRICK</surname></persName><note type="biography">We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</note><affiliation>We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</affiliation><affiliation>Frick: Professor, Department of Management, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, North Rhine‐Westphalia. Phone +49‐5251‐60‐2097, Fax +49‐5251‐60‐3242, E‐mail bernd.frick@notes.uni‐paderborn.de, and Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Community, University of Trier, D‐54286 Trier, Rhineland‐Palatinate, Germany. E‐mail bfrick@uni‐wh.de</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">FRANK</forename><surname>TOLSDORF</surname></persName><note type="biography">We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</note><affiliation>We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</affiliation><affiliation>Tolsdorf: Research Assistant, Faculty of Management and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred‐Herrhausen‐Strasse 50, D‐58448 Witten, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐2302‐926‐564, Fax +49‐2303‐926‐587, E‐mail frank.tolsdorf@uni‐wh.de</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Contemporary Economic Policy</title><idno type="pISSN">1074-3529</idno><idno type="eISSN">1465-7287</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1465-7287</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2007-10"></date><biblScope unit="volume">25</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="604">604</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="615">615</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">9611B97A9B13718089FBB9DFC0905BE12B5CAF39</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1465-7287.2007.00076.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">COEP76</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2007</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Sports fans all over the world have recently witnessed an increasing number of spectacular doping cases, leading to considerable annoyance in the public. 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SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" noteRef="#fn31"><personName><givenNames>ALEXANDER</givenNames><familyName>DILGER</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2" noteRef="#fn31"><personName><givenNames>BERND</givenNames><familyName>FRICK</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3" noteRef="#fn31"><personName><givenNames>FRANK</givenNames><familyName>TOLSDORF</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation><i>Dilger: </i>Professor, Institute for Economic Education and Centrum for Management, University of Münster, Scharnhorststr. 100, D‐48151 Münster, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐251‐83‐25330, Fax +49‐251‐3‐28429, E‐mail <email normalForm="alexander.dilger@uni-muenster.de">alexander.dilger@uni‐muenster.de</email></unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation><i>Frick: </i>Professor, Department of Management, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, North Rhine‐Westphalia. Phone +49‐5251‐60‐2097, Fax +49‐5251‐60‐3242, E‐mail <email normalForm="bernd.frick@notes.uni-paderborn.de">bernd.frick@notes.uni‐paderborn.de</email>, and Institute for Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Community, University of Trier, D‐54286 Trier, Rhineland‐Palatinate, Germany. E‐mail <email normalForm="bfrick@uni-wh.de">bfrick@uni‐wh.de</email></unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation><i>Tolsdorf: </i>Research Assistant, Faculty of Management and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred‐Herrhausen‐Strasse 50, D‐58448 Witten, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐2302‐926‐564, Fax +49‐2303‐926‐587, E‐mail <email normalForm="frank.tolsdorf@uni-wh.de">frank.tolsdorf@uni‐wh.de</email></unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p> <i>Sports fans all over the world have recently witnessed an increasing number of spectacular doping cases, leading to considerable annoyance in the public. 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We review the more important models and present anecdotal as well as some quantitative empirical evidence on the prevalence as well as the determinants of doping. </i>(<i>JEL </i>K42, L83, M52)</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn31"><label>*</label><p> We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>ARE ATHLETES DOPED? SOME THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ALEXANDER</namePart><namePart type="family">DILGER</namePart><affiliation>Dilger: Professor, Institute for Economic Education and Centrum for Management, University of Münster, Scharnhorststr. 100, D‐48151 Münster, North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany. Phone +49‐251‐83‐25330, Fax +49‐251‐3‐28429, E‐mail alexander.dilger@uni‐muenster.de</affiliation><description>We are grateful to two anonymous referees, whose comments have considerably improved the article. Any remaining errors and omissions are, of course, our own.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">BERND</namePart><namePart type="family">FRICK</namePart><affiliation>Frick: Professor, Department of Management, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, North Rhine‐Westphalia. 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However, our knowledge regarding the prevalence of doping is still quite limited, leading some people to speculate that (nearly) all professional athletes are doped and possibly even have to be doped to be good enough to compete successfully in highly selective tournaments. On the other hand, particularly representatives of the sports associations pretend that since the number of positively tested athletes remains small, there are only a few “black sheep,” while in general, the world of sport is clean and fair. In the recent past, a number of theoretical models have been developed that can be empirically tested, which, in the end, may lead to the formulation of policy recommendations (ranging from higher sanctions to legalizing doping). We review the more important models and present anecdotal as well as some quantitative empirical evidence on the prevalence as well as the determinants of doping. 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