Influence of prenatal psychosocial stress on cytokine production in adult women
Identifieur interne : 001467 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001466; suivant : 001468Influence of prenatal psychosocial stress on cytokine production in adult women
Auteurs : Sonja Entringer ; Robert Kumsta ; Edward L. Nelson ; Dirk H. Hellhammer ; Pathik D. Wadhwa ; Stefan WüstSource :
- Developmental Psychobiology [ 0012-1630 ] ; 2008-09.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the association between prenatal stress and immune function in human adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 healthy young women whose mothers experienced major negative life events during their pregnancy (Prenatal Stress, PS group, mean age 25, SD ± 4.34 years), and from a female comparison group (n = 28, CG, mean age 24 ± 3.40 years), were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and subsequent cytokine production was measured. A bias for T‐helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production due to an overproduction of IL‐4 relative to IFN‐γ after PHA stimulation was observed in PS subjects. In addition, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were also significantly elevated. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest a direct association between prenatal stress exposure and alterations in immune parameters in adult women. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 579–587, 2008.
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DOI: 10.1002/dev.20316
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ISTEX:AB34DA421858CE7526318DFB3A3B99F3C750E41BLe document en format XML
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Nelson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, Dirk H" sort="Hellhammer, Dirk H" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="Dirk H." last="Hellhammer">Dirk H. Hellhammer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wadhwa, Pathik D" sort="Wadhwa, Pathik D" uniqKey="Wadhwa P" first="Pathik D." last="Wadhwa">Pathik D. Wadhwa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wust, Stefan" sort="Wust, Stefan" uniqKey="Wust S" first="Stefan" last="Wüst">Stefan Wüst</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pathik D. 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Nelson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, Dirk H" sort="Hellhammer, Dirk H" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="Dirk H." last="Hellhammer">Dirk H. Hellhammer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wadhwa, Pathik D" sort="Wadhwa, Pathik D" uniqKey="Wadhwa P" first="Pathik D." last="Wadhwa">Pathik D. Wadhwa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wust, Stefan" sort="Wust, Stefan" uniqKey="Wust S" first="Stefan" last="Wüst">Stefan Wüst</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Developmental Psychobiology</title><title level="j" type="sub">The Journal of the International Society for Developmental Psychobiology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Dev. Psychobiol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0012-1630</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-2302</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-09">2008-09</date><biblScope unit="volume">50</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="579">579</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="587">587</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0012-1630</idno></series><idno type="istex">AB34DA421858CE7526318DFB3A3B99F3C750E41B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/dev.20316</idno><idno type="ArticleID">DEV20316</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0012-1630</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Th1</term><term>Th2</term><term>cytokines</term><term>prenatal stress</term><term>psychosocial</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The aim of the present study was to determine the association between prenatal stress and immune function in human adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 healthy young women whose mothers experienced major negative life events during their pregnancy (Prenatal Stress, PS group, mean age 25, SD ± 4.34 years), and from a female comparison group (n = 28, CG, mean age 24 ± 3.40 years), were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and subsequent cytokine production was measured. A bias for T‐helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production due to an overproduction of IL‐4 relative to IFN‐γ after PHA stimulation was observed in PS subjects. In addition, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were also significantly elevated. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest a direct association between prenatal stress exposure and alterations in immune parameters in adult women. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 579–587, 2008.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Sonja Entringer</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</json:string><json:string>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Robert Kumsta</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Edward L. Nelson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Dirk H. Hellhammer</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Pathik D. Wadhwa</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</json:string><json:string>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Stefan Wüst</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</json:string><json:string>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>prenatal stress</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>psychosocial</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cytokines</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Th1</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Th2</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>DEV20316</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The aim of the present study was to determine the association between prenatal stress and immune function in human adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 healthy young women whose mothers experienced major negative life events during their pregnancy (Prenatal Stress, PS group, mean age 25, SD ± 4.34 years), and from a female comparison group (n = 28, CG, mean age 24 ± 3.40 years), were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and subsequent cytokine production was measured. A bias for T‐helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production due to an overproduction of IL‐4 relative to IFN‐γ after PHA stimulation was observed in PS subjects. In addition, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were also significantly elevated. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest a direct association between prenatal stress exposure and alterations in immune parameters in adult women. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Stefan</forename><surname>Wüst</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Developmental Psychobiology</title><title level="j" type="sub">The Journal of the International Society for Developmental Psychobiology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Dev. Psychobiol.</title><idno type="pISSN">0012-1630</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-2302</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2302</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-09"></date><biblScope unit="volume">50</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="579">579</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="587">587</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">AB34DA421858CE7526318DFB3A3B99F3C750E41B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/dev.20316</idno><idno type="ArticleID">DEV20316</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2008</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the present study was to determine the association between prenatal stress and immune function in human adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 healthy young women whose mothers experienced major negative life events during their pregnancy (Prenatal Stress, PS group, mean age 25, SD ± 4.34 years), and from a female comparison group (n = 28, CG, mean age 24 ± 3.40 years), were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and subsequent cytokine production was measured. A bias for T‐helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production due to an overproduction of IL‐4 relative to IFN‐γ after PHA stimulation was observed in PS subjects. In addition, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were also significantly elevated. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest a direct association between prenatal stress exposure and alterations in immune parameters in adult women. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 579–587, 2008.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>prenatal stress</term></item><item><term>psychosocial</term></item><item><term>cytokines</term></item><item><term>Th1</term></item><item><term>Th2</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-02-14">Received</change><change when="2008-04-18">Registration</change><change when="2008-09">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/AB34DA421858CE7526318DFB3A3B99F3C750E41B/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2302</doi><issn type="print">0012-1630</issn><issn type="electronic">1098-2302</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="DEV"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY">Developmental Psychobiology</title><title type="subtitle">The Journal of the International Society for Developmental Psychobiology</title><title type="short">Dev. 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Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.</line><line>Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:DEV.DEV20316.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="2"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="53"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="1507"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Influence of prenatal psychosocial stress on cytokine production in adult women</title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Prenatal Stress and Cytokine Production</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2"><personName><givenNames>Sonja</givenNames><familyName>Entringer</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Robert</givenNames><familyName>Kumsta</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3"><personName><givenNames>Edward L.</givenNames><familyName>Nelson</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Dirk H.</givenNames><familyName>Hellhammer</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Pathik D.</givenNames><familyName>Wadhwa</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>pwadhwa@uci.edu</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Stefan</givenNames><familyName>Wüst</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email normalForm="wuest@uni-trier.de">wuest@uni‐trier.de</email></contactDetails></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af3" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">prenatal stress</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">psychosocial</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">cytokines</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">Th1</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">Th2</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>German Research Foundation</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>WU 324/3‐(1‐3)</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>US PHS (NIH)</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>HD‐047609</fundingNumber><fundingNumber>HD‐041696</fundingNumber><fundingNumber>HD‐33506</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The aim of the present study was to determine the association between prenatal stress and immune function in human adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 healthy young women whose mothers experienced major negative life events during their pregnancy (Prenatal Stress, PS group, mean age 25, SD ± 4.34 years), and from a female comparison group (<i>n</i> = 28, CG, mean age 24 ± 3.40 years), were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and subsequent cytokine production was measured. A bias for T‐helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production due to an overproduction of IL‐4 relative to IFN‐γ after PHA stimulation was observed in PS subjects. In addition, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were also significantly elevated. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest a direct association between prenatal stress exposure and alterations in immune parameters in adult women. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 579–587, 2008.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Influence of prenatal psychosocial stress on cytokine production in adult women</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Prenatal Stress and Cytokine Production</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Influence of prenatal psychosocial stress on cytokine production in adult women</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sonja</namePart><namePart type="family">Entringer</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert</namePart><namePart type="family">Kumsta</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Edward L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nelson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dirk H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hellhammer</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pathik D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wadhwa</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697</affiliation><affiliation>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stefan</namePart><namePart type="family">Wüst</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Pathik D. Wadhwa, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Behavioral Perinatology Research Program, University of California, Irvine, 3117 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, Zot Code 4260, Irvine, CA 92697.Stefan Wüst, Department of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, 54290 Trier, Germany.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-09</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2008-02-14</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2008-04-18</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">2</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">53</extent><extent unit="words">1507</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The aim of the present study was to determine the association between prenatal stress and immune function in human adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 healthy young women whose mothers experienced major negative life events during their pregnancy (Prenatal Stress, PS group, mean age 25, SD ± 4.34 years), and from a female comparison group (n = 28, CG, mean age 24 ± 3.40 years), were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and subsequent cytokine production was measured. A bias for T‐helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production due to an overproduction of IL‐4 relative to IFN‐γ after PHA stimulation was observed in PS subjects. In addition, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were also significantly elevated. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest a direct association between prenatal stress exposure and alterations in immune parameters in adult women. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 579–587, 2008.</abstract><note type="funding">German Research Foundation - No. WU 324/3‐(1‐3); </note><note type="funding">US PHS (NIH) - No. HD‐047609; No. HD‐041696; No. HD‐33506; </note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>prenatal stress</topic><topic>psychosocial</topic><topic>cytokines</topic><topic>Th1</topic><topic>Th2</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Developmental Psychobiology</title><subTitle>The Journal of the International Society for Developmental Psychobiology</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Dev. Psychobiol.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0012-1630</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1098-2302</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2302</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">DEV</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>50</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>6</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>579</start><end>587</end><total>9</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">AB34DA421858CE7526318DFB3A3B99F3C750E41B</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/dev.20316</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">DEV20316</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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