Cardiac modulation of startle eye blink
Identifieur interne : 001415 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001414; suivant : 001416Cardiac modulation of startle eye blink
Auteurs : André Schulz ; Johanna Lass-Hennemann ; Frauke Nees ; Terry D. Blumenthal ; Willi Berger ; Hartmut SchachingerSource :
- Psychophysiology [ 0048-5772 ] ; 2009-03.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented to show that startle methodology may be employed to study visceral afferent processing. The first study of 38 volunteers showed that startle responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared to diastole. In the second study, 31 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, having normal or diminished (<6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with normal BRS showed the same results found in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients with diminished BRS did not show this pattern. Because diminished BRS is an indicator of impaired baro‐afferent signal transmission, it is concluded that cardiac modulation of startle is associated with intact baro‐afferent feedback. Thus, pre‐attentive startle methodology is feasible to study visceral afferent processing originating from the cardiovascular system.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00768.x
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented to show that startle methodology may be employed to study visceral afferent processing. The first study of 38 volunteers showed that startle responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared to diastole. In the second study, 31 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, having normal or diminished (<6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with normal BRS showed the same results found in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients with diminished BRS did not show this pattern. Because diminished BRS is an indicator of impaired baro‐afferent signal transmission, it is concluded that cardiac modulation of startle is associated with intact baro‐afferent feedback. Thus, pre‐attentive startle methodology is feasible to study visceral afferent processing originating from the cardiovascular system.</div>
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<abstract>As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented to show that startle methodology may be employed to study visceral afferent processing. The first study of 38 volunteers showed that startle responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared to diastole. In the second study, 31 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, having normal or diminished (>6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with normal BRS showed the same results found in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients with diminished BRS did not show this pattern. Because diminished BRS is an indicator of impaired baro‐afferent signal transmission, it is concluded that cardiac modulation of startle is associated with intact baro‐afferent feedback. Thus, pre‐attentive startle methodology is feasible to study visceral afferent processing originating from the cardiovascular system.</abstract>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Cardiac modulation of startle eye blink</title>
<author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">André</forename>
<surname>Schulz</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation>Division of Clinical Physiology, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Johanna</forename>
<surname>Lass‐Hennemann</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation>Division of Clinical Physiology, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Frauke</forename>
<surname>Nees</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation>Division of Clinical Physiology, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Terry D.</forename>
<surname>Blumenthal</surname>
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<affiliation>Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston‐Salem, North Carolina, USA</affiliation>
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<author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Willi</forename>
<surname>Berger</surname>
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<affiliation>Division of Diabetology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland</affiliation>
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<author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Hartmut</forename>
<surname>Schachinger</surname>
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<affiliation>Division of Clinical Physiology, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany</affiliation>
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<abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented to show that startle methodology may be employed to study visceral afferent processing. The first study of 38 volunteers showed that startle responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared to diastole. In the second study, 31 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, having normal or diminished (<6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with normal BRS showed the same results found in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients with diminished BRS did not show this pattern. Because diminished BRS is an indicator of impaired baro‐afferent signal transmission, it is concluded that cardiac modulation of startle is associated with intact baro‐afferent feedback. Thus, pre‐attentive startle methodology is feasible to study visceral afferent processing originating from the cardiovascular system.</p>
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<titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title>
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<copyright>Copyright © 2009 Society for Psychophysiological Research</copyright>
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<correspondenceTo>Address reprint requests to: Hartmut Schächinger, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Johanniterufer 15, D‐54290 Trier, Germany. E‐mail: <email normalForm="schaechi@uni-trier.de">schaechi@uni‐trier.de</email>
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<contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>(Received February 1, 2008; Accepted June 13, 2008)</unparsedEditorialHistory>
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<titleGroup><title type="main">Cardiac modulation of startle eye blink</title>
<title type="shortAuthors">A. Schulz et al.</title>
<title type="short">Cardiac modulation of startle eye blink</title>
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<keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Autonomic neuropathy</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k2">Baroreflex</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k3">Diabetes</keyword>
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<p>As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented to show that startle methodology may be employed to study visceral afferent processing. The first study of 38 volunteers showed that startle responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared to diastole. In the second study, 31 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, having normal or diminished (<6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with normal BRS showed the same results found in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients with diminished BRS did not show this pattern. Because diminished BRS is an indicator of impaired baro‐afferent signal transmission, it is concluded that cardiac modulation of startle is associated with intact baro‐afferent feedback. Thus, pre‐attentive startle methodology is feasible to study visceral afferent processing originating from the cardiovascular system.</p>
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<noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1" numbered="no"><p>André Schulz, Johanna Lass‐Hennemann, Frauke Nees, and Hartmut Schächinger are members of the International Research Training Group “Psychoneuroendocrinology of Stress – From Molecules and Genes to Affect and Cognition,” funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: DFG), grant GRK 1389/1.
With deep regret, we need to report that our decent friend and colleague Willi Berger died during the preparatory phase of this manuscript.</p>
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<abstract lang="en">As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented to show that startle methodology may be employed to study visceral afferent processing. The first study of 38 volunteers showed that startle responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared to diastole. In the second study, 31 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, having normal or diminished (<6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with normal BRS showed the same results found in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients with diminished BRS did not show this pattern. Because diminished BRS is an indicator of impaired baro‐afferent signal transmission, it is concluded that cardiac modulation of startle is associated with intact baro‐afferent feedback. Thus, pre‐attentive startle methodology is feasible to study visceral afferent processing originating from the cardiovascular system.</abstract>
<subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>Autonomic neuropathy</topic>
<topic>Baroreflex</topic>
<topic>Diabetes</topic>
<topic>Interoception</topic>
<topic>Startle eye blink</topic>
<topic>Visceral perception</topic>
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