Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system
Identifieur interne : 001401 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001400; suivant : 001402Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system
Auteurs : Volker C. Radeloff ; Anna M. Pidgeon ; Patrick HostertSource :
- Ecological Modelling [ 0304-3800 ] ; 1999.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Management of German roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations is a challenge for wildlife managers and foresters because population densities are difficult to estimate in forests and forest regeneration can be negatively affected when roe deer density is high. We describe a model to determine deer population densities compatible with forest management goals, and to assess harvest rates necessary to maintain desired deer densities. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to model wildlife habitat and population dynamics over time. Our model interactively incorporates knowledge of field biologists and foresters via a graphical user interface (GUI). Calibration of the model with deer damage maps allowed us to evaluate density dependence of a roe deer population. Incorporation of local knowledge into temporally dynamic and spatial models increases understanding of population dynamics and improves wildlife management.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1
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ISTEX:78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8ALe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title><author><name sortKey="Radeloff, Volker C" sort="Radeloff, Volker C" uniqKey="Radeloff V" first="Volker C." last="Radeloff">Volker C. Radeloff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: radeloff@students.wisc.edu</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pidgeon, Anna M" sort="Pidgeon, Anna M" uniqKey="Pidgeon A" first="Anna M." last="Pidgeon">Anna M. Pidgeon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hostert, Patrick" sort="Hostert, Patrick" uniqKey="Hostert P" first="Patrick" last="Hostert">Patrick Hostert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geography, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A</idno><date when="1999" year="1999">1999</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001401</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001401</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title><author><name sortKey="Radeloff, Volker C" sort="Radeloff, Volker C" uniqKey="Radeloff V" first="Volker C." last="Radeloff">Volker C. Radeloff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: radeloff@students.wisc.edu</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pidgeon, Anna M" sort="Pidgeon, Anna M" uniqKey="Pidgeon A" first="Anna M." last="Pidgeon">Anna M. Pidgeon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hostert, Patrick" sort="Hostert, Patrick" uniqKey="Hostert P" first="Patrick" last="Hostert">Patrick Hostert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geography, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Ecological Modelling</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">ECOMOD</title><idno type="ISSN">0304-3800</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999">1999</date><biblScope unit="volume">114</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2–3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="287">287</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="304">304</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0304-3800</idno></series><idno type="istex">78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0304-3800(98)00164-1</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0304-3800</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Capreolus capreolus</term><term>Density dependence</term><term>GIS</term><term>GUI</term><term>Germany</term><term>Habitat model</term><term>Interactive modelling</term><term>Population dynamics</term><term>Roe deer</term><term>Spatially explicit</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Management of German roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations is a challenge for wildlife managers and foresters because population densities are difficult to estimate in forests and forest regeneration can be negatively affected when roe deer density is high. We describe a model to determine deer population densities compatible with forest management goals, and to assess harvest rates necessary to maintain desired deer densities. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to model wildlife habitat and population dynamics over time. Our model interactively incorporates knowledge of field biologists and foresters via a graphical user interface (GUI). Calibration of the model with deer damage maps allowed us to evaluate density dependence of a roe deer population. Incorporation of local knowledge into temporally dynamic and spatial models increases understanding of population dynamics and improves wildlife management.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Volker C. Radeloff</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: radeloff@students.wisc.edu</json:string><json:string>Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Anna M. Pidgeon</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Patrick Hostert</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geography, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Capreolus capreolus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Density dependence</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Germany</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>GIS</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>GUI</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Habitat model</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Interactive modelling</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Population dynamics</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Roe deer</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Spatially explicit</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Management of German roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations is a challenge for wildlife managers and foresters because population densities are difficult to estimate in forests and forest regeneration can be negatively affected when roe deer density is high. We describe a model to determine deer population densities compatible with forest management goals, and to assess harvest rates necessary to maintain desired deer densities. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to model wildlife habitat and population dynamics over time. Our model interactively incorporates knowledge of field biologists and foresters via a graphical user interface (GUI). Calibration of the model with deer damage maps allowed us to evaluate density dependence of a roe deer population. Incorporation of local knowledge into temporally dynamic and spatial models increases understanding of population dynamics and improves wildlife management.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.596</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>535 x 675 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>10</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>935</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>7052</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>43133</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>18</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>133</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title><pii><json:string>S0304-3800(98)00164-1</json:string></pii><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Aanes</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Andersen</name></json:item></author><host><volume>74</volume><pages><last>1865</last><first>1857</first></pages><author></author><title>Can. J. 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Sens.</title></host><title>The application of satellite remote sensing and spatial proximity analysis techniques to observations on the grazing of oilseed rape by roe deer</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>114</volume><pii><json:string>S0304-3800(00)X0067-1</json:string></pii><pages><last>304</last><first>287</first></pages><issn><json:string>0304-3800</json:string></issn><issue>2–3</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Ecological Modelling</title><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1999</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1</json:string></doi><id>78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A</id><score>1.0035586</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>1999</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Land cover of the Holzerath study site in 1993; derived from forest compartment maps and aerial photographs.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Structure of the integrated habitat and population model based on a GUI in a GIS.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: General relationship between the percentage of pregnant yearlings (YPy) to population density (Dy). Habitat suitability determines maximum and minimum densities (Dmin and Dmax).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Changes of functional grasslands (grasslands plus regenerating forest stands <5 years old) over time.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Sensitivity of the theoretical model to: (a) different levels of minimum and maximum density (Dmin and Dmax); (b) different minimum percentages of pregnant yearlings (YPmin); and (c) different minimum fawn survival rates (SvFamin); (densities in no./100 ha).</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: (a) Roe deer harvest in the study area Holzerath; and (b) sensitivity of the practical model to different levels of minimum and maximum density (Dmin and Dmax). Four density ranges are explored; the habitat suitability model resulted in:Dmin=6 and Dmax=10 (densities in no./100 ha).</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Sensitivity of population densities calculated by the practical model to (a) population density (Dy) in the initial year; and (b) adult survival rates (SvWf and SvWm); (densities in no./100 ha).</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: (a) Effects of different harvesting schemes on population density Dy (in no./100 ha); and (b) population structure (classified into: Amy>2, Ymy, Afy>2, Yfy, and Efy)resulting from the actual harvest.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Values for the four parameters of the habitat suitability index (after Ueckermann 1988)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Estimated roe deer population densities (no./100 ha) for various habitat values (after Ueckermann 1988)</note><note type="content">Table 3: Annual survival probabilities of juveniles (8–20 months old), prime age adults (20 months–7 years old) and senescent adults for roe deer in the Chizé population (from Gaillard et al. 1993)</note><note type="content">Table 4: Age classes specific densities for a non-harvested population after running the theoretical model for 50 years</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Volker C.</forename><surname>Radeloff</surname></persName><email>radeloff@students.wisc.edu</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-608-2656321; fax.: +1-608-2629922</p></note><affiliation>Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Anna M.</forename><surname>Pidgeon</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Patrick</forename><surname>Hostert</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Geography, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Ecological Modelling</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">ECOMOD</title><idno type="pISSN">0304-3800</idno><idno type="PII">S0304-3800(00)X0067-1</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999"></date><biblScope unit="volume">114</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2–3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="287">287</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="304">304</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1</idno><idno type="PII">S0304-3800(98)00164-1</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1999</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Management of German roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations is a challenge for wildlife managers and foresters because population densities are difficult to estimate in forests and forest regeneration can be negatively affected when roe deer density is high. We describe a model to determine deer population densities compatible with forest management goals, and to assess harvest rates necessary to maintain desired deer densities. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to model wildlife habitat and population dynamics over time. Our model interactively incorporates knowledge of field biologists and foresters via a graphical user interface (GUI). Calibration of the model with deer damage maps allowed us to evaluate density dependence of a roe deer population. Incorporation of local knowledge into temporally dynamic and spatial models increases understanding of population dynamics and improves wildlife management.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Capreolus capreolus</term></item><item><term>Density dependence</term></item><item><term>Germany</term></item><item><term>GIS</term></item><item><term>GUI</term></item><item><term>Habitat model</term></item><item><term>Interactive modelling</term></item><item><term>Population dynamics</term></item><item><term>Roe deer</term></item><item><term>Spatially explicit</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr8"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>ECOMOD</jid><aid>2299</aid><ce:pii>S0304-3800(98)00164-1</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="1999">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Volker C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Radeloff</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>radeloff@students.wisc.edu</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Anna M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Pidgeon</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Patrick</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hostert</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Geography, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-608-2656321; fax.: +1-608-2629922</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="3" month="9" year="1998"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Management of German roe deer (<ce:italic>Capreolus capreolus</ce:italic>) populations is a challenge for wildlife managers and foresters because population densities are difficult to estimate in forests and forest regeneration can be negatively affected when roe deer density is high. We describe a model to determine deer population densities compatible with forest management goals, and to assess harvest rates necessary to maintain desired deer densities. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to model wildlife habitat and population dynamics over time. Our model interactively incorporates knowledge of field biologists and foresters via a graphical user interface (GUI). Calibration of the model with deer damage maps allowed us to evaluate density dependence of a roe deer population. Incorporation of local knowledge into temporally dynamic and spatial models increases understanding of population dynamics and improves wildlife management.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Capreolus capreolus</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Density dependence</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Germany</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>GIS</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>GUI</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Habitat model</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Interactive modelling</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Population dynamics</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Roe deer</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Spatially explicit</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Habitat and population modelling of roe deer using an interactive geographic information system</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Volker C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Radeloff</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: radeloff@students.wisc.edu</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-608-2656321; fax.: +1-608-2629922</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anna M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Pidgeon</namePart><affiliation>Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Patrick</namePart><namePart type="family">Hostert</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geography, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Management of German roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations is a challenge for wildlife managers and foresters because population densities are difficult to estimate in forests and forest regeneration can be negatively affected when roe deer density is high. We describe a model to determine deer population densities compatible with forest management goals, and to assess harvest rates necessary to maintain desired deer densities. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to model wildlife habitat and population dynamics over time. Our model interactively incorporates knowledge of field biologists and foresters via a graphical user interface (GUI). Calibration of the model with deer damage maps allowed us to evaluate density dependence of a roe deer population. Incorporation of local knowledge into temporally dynamic and spatial models increases understanding of population dynamics and improves wildlife management.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Land cover of the Holzerath study site in 1993; derived from forest compartment maps and aerial photographs.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Structure of the integrated habitat and population model based on a GUI in a GIS.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: General relationship between the percentage of pregnant yearlings (YPy) to population density (Dy). Habitat suitability determines maximum and minimum densities (Dmin and Dmax).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Changes of functional grasslands (grasslands plus regenerating forest stands <5 years old) over time.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Sensitivity of the theoretical model to: (a) different levels of minimum and maximum density (Dmin and Dmax); (b) different minimum percentages of pregnant yearlings (YPmin); and (c) different minimum fawn survival rates (SvFamin); (densities in no./100 ha).</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: (a) Roe deer harvest in the study area Holzerath; and (b) sensitivity of the practical model to different levels of minimum and maximum density (Dmin and Dmax). Four density ranges are explored; the habitat suitability model resulted in:Dmin=6 and Dmax=10 (densities in no./100 ha).</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Sensitivity of population densities calculated by the practical model to (a) population density (Dy) in the initial year; and (b) adult survival rates (SvWf and SvWm); (densities in no./100 ha).</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: (a) Effects of different harvesting schemes on population density Dy (in no./100 ha); and (b) population structure (classified into: Amy>2, Ymy, Afy>2, Yfy, and Efy)resulting from the actual harvest.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Values for the four parameters of the habitat suitability index (after Ueckermann 1988)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Estimated roe deer population densities (no./100 ha) for various habitat values (after Ueckermann 1988)</note><note type="content">Table 3: Annual survival probabilities of juveniles (8–20 months old), prime age adults (20 months–7 years old) and senescent adults for roe deer in the Chizé population (from Gaillard et al. 1993)</note><note type="content">Table 4: Age classes specific densities for a non-harvested population after running the theoretical model for 50 years</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Capreolus capreolus</topic><topic>Density dependence</topic><topic>Germany</topic><topic>GIS</topic><topic>GUI</topic><topic>Habitat model</topic><topic>Interactive modelling</topic><topic>Population dynamics</topic><topic>Roe deer</topic><topic>Spatially explicit</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Ecological Modelling</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>ECOMOD</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">19990101</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0304-3800</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0304-3800(00)X0067-1</identifier><part><date>19990101</date><detail type="volume"><number>114</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2–3</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>113</start><end>318</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>287</start><end>304</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">78C729A54F122E79B2371FFB19BFAE854E7F7E8A</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00164-1</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0304-3800(98)00164-1</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©1999</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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