Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals
Identifieur interne : 001389 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001388; suivant : 001390Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals
Auteurs : Arthur A. Stone ; Joseph E. Schwartz ; Joshua Smyth ; Clemens Kirschbaum ; Sheldon Cohen ; Dirk Hellhammer ; Steven GrossmanSource :
- Psychoneuroendocrinology [ 0306-4530 ] ; 2001.
Abstract
Free cortisol measured in saliva has been shown to have the same diurnal rhythm as serum cortisol, one that typically declines rapidly throughout the waking day. A recent study showed that over 15% of a sample of community individuals who were monitored over two days did not show the typical diurnal rhythm. The present study specifically tested the hypothesis that there is significant between-subject variation (individual differences) in diurnal rhythms using multi-level, random regression models. Analyses of participants from four studies were conducted; studies varied in terms of the number of saliva samples taken per day, the number of days studied, and participants' demographic and health status. Significant individual differences of diurnal cycle in each of the four samples were found. In at least 10% of each sample no significant diurnal cycles was detected; however, the overall mean level of cortisol of those with flat cycles differed among the samples. These results suggest that some people do not have the expected diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. It is not clear what the determinants of this finding are or if there are any health consequences of having a flat cycle.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7ELe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title><author><name sortKey="Stone, Arthur A" sort="Stone, Arthur A" uniqKey="Stone A" first="Arthur A" last="Stone">Arthur A. Stone</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: arthur.stone@sunysb.edu</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, Joseph E" sort="Schwartz, Joseph E" uniqKey="Schwartz J" first="Joseph E" last="Schwartz">Joseph E. Schwartz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smyth, Joshua" sort="Smyth, Joshua" uniqKey="Smyth J" first="Joshua" last="Smyth">Joshua Smyth</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirschbaum, Clemens" sort="Kirschbaum, Clemens" uniqKey="Kirschbaum C" first="Clemens" last="Kirschbaum">Clemens Kirschbaum</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Sheldon" sort="Cohen, Sheldon" uniqKey="Cohen S" first="Sheldon" last="Cohen">Sheldon Cohen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, Dirk" sort="Hellhammer, Dirk" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="Dirk" last="Hellhammer">Dirk Hellhammer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grossman, Steven" sort="Grossman, Steven" uniqKey="Grossman S" first="Steven" last="Grossman">Steven Grossman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E</idno><date when="2001" year="2001">2001</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001389</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001389</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title><author><name sortKey="Stone, Arthur A" sort="Stone, Arthur A" uniqKey="Stone A" first="Arthur A" last="Stone">Arthur A. Stone</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: arthur.stone@sunysb.edu</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, Joseph E" sort="Schwartz, Joseph E" uniqKey="Schwartz J" first="Joseph E" last="Schwartz">Joseph E. Schwartz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smyth, Joshua" sort="Smyth, Joshua" uniqKey="Smyth J" first="Joshua" last="Smyth">Joshua Smyth</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirschbaum, Clemens" sort="Kirschbaum, Clemens" uniqKey="Kirschbaum C" first="Clemens" last="Kirschbaum">Clemens Kirschbaum</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Sheldon" sort="Cohen, Sheldon" uniqKey="Cohen S" first="Sheldon" last="Cohen">Sheldon Cohen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, Dirk" sort="Hellhammer, Dirk" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="Dirk" last="Hellhammer">Dirk Hellhammer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grossman, Steven" sort="Grossman, Steven" uniqKey="Grossman S" first="Steven" last="Grossman">Steven Grossman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Psychoneuroendocrinology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">PNEC</title><idno type="ISSN">0306-4530</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001">2001</date><biblScope unit="volume">26</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="295">295</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="306">306</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0306-4530</idno></series><idno type="istex">116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3</idno><idno type="PII">S0306-4530(00)00057-3</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0306-4530</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Free cortisol measured in saliva has been shown to have the same diurnal rhythm as serum cortisol, one that typically declines rapidly throughout the waking day. A recent study showed that over 15% of a sample of community individuals who were monitored over two days did not show the typical diurnal rhythm. The present study specifically tested the hypothesis that there is significant between-subject variation (individual differences) in diurnal rhythms using multi-level, random regression models. Analyses of participants from four studies were conducted; studies varied in terms of the number of saliva samples taken per day, the number of days studied, and participants' demographic and health status. Significant individual differences of diurnal cycle in each of the four samples were found. In at least 10% of each sample no significant diurnal cycles was detected; however, the overall mean level of cortisol of those with flat cycles differed among the samples. These results suggest that some people do not have the expected diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. It is not clear what the determinants of this finding are or if there are any health consequences of having a flat cycle.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Arthur A Stone</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: arthur.stone@sunysb.edu</json:string><json:string>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Joseph E Schwartz</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Joshua Smyth</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Clemens Kirschbaum</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sheldon Cohen</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychology, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Dirk Hellhammer</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Steven Grossman</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Cortisol</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Diurnal cycle</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Individual differences</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Free cortisol measured in saliva has been shown to have the same diurnal rhythm as serum cortisol, one that typically declines rapidly throughout the waking day. A recent study showed that over 15% of a sample of community individuals who were monitored over two days did not show the typical diurnal rhythm. The present study specifically tested the hypothesis that there is significant between-subject variation (individual differences) in diurnal rhythms using multi-level, random regression models. Analyses of participants from four studies were conducted; studies varied in terms of the number of saliva samples taken per day, the number of days studied, and participants' demographic and health status. Significant individual differences of diurnal cycle in each of the four samples were found. In at least 10% of each sample no significant diurnal cycles was detected; however, the overall mean level of cortisol of those with flat cycles differed among the samples. These results suggest that some people do not have the expected diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. It is not clear what the determinants of this finding are or if there are any health consequences of having a flat cycle.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.572</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>471 x 684 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>3</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1198</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4304</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>26306</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>189</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title><pii><json:string>S0306-4530(00)00057-3</json:string></pii><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>T. Anders</name></json:item></author><host><volume>44</volume><pages><last>72</last><first>61</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychosomatic Medicine</title></host><title>Biological rhythms in development</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Bassett</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Marshall</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Spillane</name></json:item></author><host><volume>5</volume><pages><last>273</last><first>265</first></pages><author></author><title>International Journal of Psychophysiology</title></host><title>The physiological measurement of acute stress (public speaking) in bank employees</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G. Chrousos</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Gold</name></json:item></author><host><volume>86</volume><pages><last>1845</last><first>1842</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism</title></host><title>A healthy body in a healthy mind — and vice versa — the damaging power of “uncontrollable” stress</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Czeisler</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Klerman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>54</volume><pages><last>130</last><first>97</first></pages><author></author><title>Recent Progress in Hormone Research</title></host><title>Circadian and sleep-dependent regulation of hormone release in humans</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Deinzer</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Gresele</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hellhammer</name></json:item></author><host><volume>61</volume><pages><last>511</last><first>507</first></pages><author></author><title>Physiology and Behavior</title></host><title>Adrenocortical responses to repeated parachute jumping and subsequent h-CRH challenge in inexperienced healthy subjects</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>D. Desir</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. van Cauter</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. Golstein</name></json:item><json:item><name>V. Fang</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Leclercq</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Refetoff</name></json:item><json:item><name>G. Copinschi</name></json:item></author><host><volume>13</volume><pages><last>316</last><first>302</first></pages><author></author><title>Hormone Research</title></host><title>Circadian and ultradian variations of ACTH and cortisol secretion</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Dressendörfer</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>W. Rohde</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Stahl</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Strasburger</name></json:item></author><host><volume>43</volume><pages><last>692</last><first>683</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</title></host><title>Synthesis of a cortisol–biotin conjugate and evaluation as tracer in an immunoassay for salivary cortisol measurement</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M. Follenius</name></json:item><json:item><name>G. Brandenberger</name></json:item><json:item><name>B. Hietter</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Simeoni</name></json:item><json:item><name>B. Reinhardt</name></json:item></author><host><volume>55</volume><pages><last>761</last><first>757</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism</title></host><title>Diurnal cortisol peaks and their relationships to meals</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Heim</name></json:item><json:item><name>U. Ehlert</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hellhammer</name></json:item></author><host><volume>25</volume><pages><last>35</last><first>1</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychoneuroendocrinology</title></host><title>The potential role of hypocortisolism in the pathophysiology of stress-related bodily disorders</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>B. Kudielka</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. Gaab</name></json:item><json:item><name>N. Schommer</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Untied</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hellhammer</name></json:item></author><host><volume>61</volume><pages><last>162</last><first>154</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychosomatic Medicine</title></host><title>The impact of gender, menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptives on the activity of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Pirke</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hellhammer</name></json:item></author><host><volume>28</volume><pages><last>81</last><first>76</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuropsychobiology</title></host><title>The “Trier Social Stress Test” — a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Strasburger</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. Langkrär</name></json:item></author><host><volume>44</volume><pages><last>531</last><first>527</first></pages><author></author><title>Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior</title></host><title>Attenuated cortisol response to psychological stress but not to corticotropin-releasing hormone or bicycle ergometry in young habitual smokers</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>G. Scherer</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Strasburger</name></json:item></author><host><volume>72</volume><pages><last>810</last><first>804</first></pages><author></author><title>Clinical Investigator</title></host><title>Pituitary and adrenal hormone responses to pharmacological, physical, and psychological stimulation in habitual smokers and nonsmokers</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Wüst</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hellhammer</name></json:item></author><host><volume>54</volume><pages><last>657</last><first>648</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychosomatic Medicine</title></host><title>Consistent sex differences in cortisol responses to psychological stress</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Mason</name></json:item><json:item><name>L. Hartley</name></json:item><json:item><name>T. Kotchen</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Mougey</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Ricketts</name></json:item><json:item><name>L. Jones</name></json:item></author><host><volume>35</volume><pages><last>414</last><first>406</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychosomatic Medicine</title></host><title>Plasma cortisol and norepinephrine responses in anticipation of muscular exercise</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G. McCain</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Tilbe</name></json:item></author><host><volume>19</volume><pages><last>157</last><first>154</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Rheumatology</title></host><title>Diurnal hormone variation in fibromyalgia syndrome: a comparison with rheumatoid arthritis</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>B. McEwen</name></json:item></author><host><volume>338</volume><pages><last>179</last><first>171</first></pages><author></author><title>New England Journal of Medicine</title></host><title>Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>P. Opstad</name></json:item></author><host><volume>74</volume><pages><last>1183</last><first>1176</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism</title></host><title>Androgenic hormones during prolonged physical stress, sleep, and energy deficiency</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Rahe</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Karson</name></json:item><json:item><name>N. Howard</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Rubin</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Poland</name></json:item></author><host><volume>52</volume><pages><last>16</last><first>1</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychosomatic Medicine</title></host><title>Psychological and physiological assessments on American hostages freed from captivity in Iran</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Schwartz</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Stone</name></json:item></author><host><volume>17</volume><pages><last>16</last><first>6</first></pages><author></author><title>Health Psychology</title></host><title>Data analysis for EMA studies</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S. Sephton</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Sapolsky</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. Kraemer</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Spiegel</name></json:item></author><host><volume>92</volume><pages><last>1000</last><first>994</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of the National Cancer Institute</title></host><title>Diurnal cortisol rhythm as a predictor of breast cancer survival</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Smyth</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Ockenfels</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Gorin</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Catley</name></json:item><json:item><name>L. Porter</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Kirschbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hellhammer</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Stone</name></json:item></author><host><volume>22</volume><pages><last>105</last><first>89</first></pages><author></author><title>Psychoneuroendocrinology</title></host><title>Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of cortisol</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Smyth</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Stone</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Hurewitz</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Kaell</name></json:item></author><host><volume>281</volume><pages><last>1309</last><first>1304</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of the American Medical Association</title></host><title>Effects of writing about stressful experiences on symptom reduction in patients with asthma or rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized trial</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E. Weitzman</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Fukushima</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Nogeire</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. Roffwarg</name></json:item><json:item><name>T. Gallagher</name></json:item><json:item><name>L. Hellman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>33</volume><pages><last>22</last><first>14</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism</title></host><title>Twenty-four hour pattern of the episodic secretion of cortisol in normal subjects</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Yehuda</name></json:item></author><host><volume>821</volume><pages><last>75</last><first>57</first></pages><author></author><title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</title></host><title>Sensitization of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in posttraumatic stress disorder</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>26</volume><pii><json:string>S0306-4530(00)X0053-4</json:string></pii><pages><last>306</last><first>295</first></pages><issn><json:string>0306-4530</json:string></issn><issue>3</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Psychoneuroendocrinology</title><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>social science</json:string><json:string>psychiatry</json:string><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>neurosciences</json:string><json:string>endocrinology & metabolism</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>psychiatry</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3</json:string></doi><id>116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E</id><score>0.76797724</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2001 Elsevier Science Ltd</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Diurnal cycle for the four studies derived from regression analyses. Cortisol (y-axis) is plotted on a logarithmic scale.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Diurnal cycles for upper and lower 10th deciles and middle eight deciles for four studies. Cortisol (y-axis) is plotted on a logarithmic scale.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Random coefficient regression results</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Arthur A</forename><surname>Stone</surname></persName><email>arthur.stone@sunysb.edu</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-631-632-8833; fax: +1-631-632-3165</p></note><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Joseph E</forename><surname>Schwartz</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Joshua</forename><surname>Smyth</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Clemens</forename><surname>Kirschbaum</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Sheldon</forename><surname>Cohen</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychology, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Dirk</forename><surname>Hellhammer</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-7"><persName><forename type="first">Steven</forename><surname>Grossman</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Psychoneuroendocrinology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">PNEC</title><idno type="pISSN">0306-4530</idno><idno type="PII">S0306-4530(00)X0053-4</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">26</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="295">295</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="306">306</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3</idno><idno type="PII">S0306-4530(00)00057-3</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Free cortisol measured in saliva has been shown to have the same diurnal rhythm as serum cortisol, one that typically declines rapidly throughout the waking day. A recent study showed that over 15% of a sample of community individuals who were monitored over two days did not show the typical diurnal rhythm. The present study specifically tested the hypothesis that there is significant between-subject variation (individual differences) in diurnal rhythms using multi-level, random regression models. Analyses of participants from four studies were conducted; studies varied in terms of the number of saliva samples taken per day, the number of days studied, and participants' demographic and health status. Significant individual differences of diurnal cycle in each of the four samples were found. In at least 10% of each sample no significant diurnal cycles was detected; however, the overall mean level of cortisol of those with flat cycles differed among the samples. These results suggest that some people do not have the expected diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. It is not clear what the determinants of this finding are or if there are any health consequences of having a flat cycle.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Cortisol</term></item><item><term>Diurnal cycle</term></item><item><term>Individual differences</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2000-09-11">Modified</change><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>PNEC</jid><aid>516</aid><ce:pii>S0306-4530(00)00057-3</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Elsevier Science Ltd</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Arthur A</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Stone</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>arthur.stone@sunysb.edu</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Joseph E</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Schwartz</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Joshua</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Smyth</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Clemens</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kirschbaum</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Sheldon</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Cohen</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Dirk</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hellhammer</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Steven</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Grossman</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>d</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Psychology, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-631-632-8833; fax: +1-631-632-3165</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="28" month="3" year="2000"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="11" month="9" year="2000"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="13" month="9" year="2000"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Free cortisol measured in saliva has been shown to have the same diurnal rhythm as serum cortisol, one that typically declines rapidly throughout the waking day. A recent study showed that over 15% of a sample of community individuals who were monitored over two days did not show the typical diurnal rhythm. The present study specifically tested the hypothesis that there is significant between-subject variation (individual differences) in diurnal rhythms using multi-level, random regression models. Analyses of participants from four studies were conducted; studies varied in terms of the number of saliva samples taken per day, the number of days studied, and participants' demographic and health status. Significant individual differences of diurnal cycle in each of the four samples were found. In at least 10% of each sample no significant diurnal cycles was detected; however, the overall mean level of cortisol of those with flat cycles differed among the samples. These results suggest that some people do not have the expected diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. It is not clear what the determinants of this finding are or if there are any health consequences of having a flat cycle.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Cortisol</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Diurnal cycle</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Individual differences</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Arthur A</namePart><namePart type="family">Stone</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: arthur.stone@sunysb.edu</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-631-632-8833; fax: +1-631-632-3165</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Joseph E</namePart><namePart type="family">Schwartz</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Joshua</namePart><namePart type="family">Smyth</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Clemens</namePart><namePart type="family">Kirschbaum</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sheldon</namePart><namePart type="family">Cohen</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychology, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dirk</namePart><namePart type="family">Hellhammer</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Building D, D-54286 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Steven</namePart><namePart type="family">Grossman</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8790, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">2000-09-11</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Free cortisol measured in saliva has been shown to have the same diurnal rhythm as serum cortisol, one that typically declines rapidly throughout the waking day. A recent study showed that over 15% of a sample of community individuals who were monitored over two days did not show the typical diurnal rhythm. The present study specifically tested the hypothesis that there is significant between-subject variation (individual differences) in diurnal rhythms using multi-level, random regression models. Analyses of participants from four studies were conducted; studies varied in terms of the number of saliva samples taken per day, the number of days studied, and participants' demographic and health status. Significant individual differences of diurnal cycle in each of the four samples were found. In at least 10% of each sample no significant diurnal cycles was detected; however, the overall mean level of cortisol of those with flat cycles differed among the samples. These results suggest that some people do not have the expected diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. It is not clear what the determinants of this finding are or if there are any health consequences of having a flat cycle.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Diurnal cycle for the four studies derived from regression analyses. Cortisol (y-axis) is plotted on a logarithmic scale.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Diurnal cycles for upper and lower 10th deciles and middle eight deciles for four studies. Cortisol (y-axis) is plotted on a logarithmic scale.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Random coefficient regression results</note><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Cortisol</topic><topic>Diurnal cycle</topic><topic>Individual differences</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Psychoneuroendocrinology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>PNEC</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200104</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0306-4530</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0306-4530(00)X0053-4</identifier><part><date>200104</date><detail type="volume"><number>26</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>3</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>225</start><end>338</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>295</start><end>306</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00057-3</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0306-4530(00)00057-3</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Elsevier Science Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science Ltd, ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Rhénanie/explor/UnivTrevesV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001389 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001389 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Rhénanie
|area= UnivTrevesV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:116FBA1F534C9F2135BFC1104DB23B37C8458C7E
|texte= Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. |  |