Feeding the disabled child
Identifieur interne : 001336 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001335; suivant : 001337Feeding the disabled child
Auteurs : Eileen Trier ; Adrian G. ThomasSource :
- Nutrition [ 0899-9007 ] ; 1998.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Feeding difficulty and malnutrition are common in disabled children. Intake may be reduced because of anorexia, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or vomiting. Feeding is often time consuming, unpleasant, and may result in aspiration. Malnutrition may result in impaired growth and neurodevelopment, and impaired cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune functions. Multidisciplinary assessment is recommended and should include a feeding history, oral-motor examination, and nutritional assessment. The energy requirements of most disabled children are less than those for a normal child of the same age but may be increased by spasticity, athetosis, convulsions, and recurrent infections. Micronutrient deficiencies may occur even in children receiving nutritionally complete feeds if the volume is reduced because of low energy requirements. Oral intake may be improved by a change of posture, special seating, feeding equipment, oral desensitization, mashing or pureeing of lumpy food, thickening of liquids, use of calorie supplements, and treatment of reflux/esophagitis. Non-oral feeding should be considered when oral feeding is unsafe, not enjoyable, inadequate, or very time consuming. Long-term support requires a gastrostomy. This is less obtrusive than a nasogastric tube, less likely to become displaced, less traumatic, and is associated with improved quality of life, but is also associated with significant morbidity. If there is symptomatic reflux a fundoplication may be required, but this is associated with significant mortality and substantial morbidity.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4
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ISTEX:D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Feeding the disabled child</title><author><name sortKey="Trier, Eileen" sort="Trier, Eileen" uniqKey="Trier E" first="Eileen" last="Trier">Eileen Trier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Adrian G" sort="Thomas, Adrian G" uniqKey="Thomas A" first="Adrian G." last="Thomas">Adrian G. Thomas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307</idno><date when="1998" year="1998">1998</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001336</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001336</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Feeding the disabled child</title><author><name sortKey="Trier, Eileen" sort="Trier, Eileen" uniqKey="Trier E" first="Eileen" last="Trier">Eileen Trier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Adrian G" sort="Thomas, Adrian G" uniqKey="Thomas A" first="Adrian G." last="Thomas">Adrian G. Thomas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Nutrition</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NUT</title><idno type="ISSN">0899-9007</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1998">1998</date><biblScope unit="volume">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="801">801</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="805">805</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0899-9007</idno></series><idno type="istex">D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4</idno><idno type="PII">S0899-9007(98)00088-4</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0899-9007</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>cerebral palsy</term><term>gastrostomy</term><term>malnutrition</term><term>micronutrient</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Feeding difficulty and malnutrition are common in disabled children. Intake may be reduced because of anorexia, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or vomiting. Feeding is often time consuming, unpleasant, and may result in aspiration. Malnutrition may result in impaired growth and neurodevelopment, and impaired cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune functions. Multidisciplinary assessment is recommended and should include a feeding history, oral-motor examination, and nutritional assessment. The energy requirements of most disabled children are less than those for a normal child of the same age but may be increased by spasticity, athetosis, convulsions, and recurrent infections. Micronutrient deficiencies may occur even in children receiving nutritionally complete feeds if the volume is reduced because of low energy requirements. Oral intake may be improved by a change of posture, special seating, feeding equipment, oral desensitization, mashing or pureeing of lumpy food, thickening of liquids, use of calorie supplements, and treatment of reflux/esophagitis. Non-oral feeding should be considered when oral feeding is unsafe, not enjoyable, inadequate, or very time consuming. Long-term support requires a gastrostomy. This is less obtrusive than a nasogastric tube, less likely to become displaced, less traumatic, and is associated with improved quality of life, but is also associated with significant morbidity. If there is symptomatic reflux a fundoplication may be required, but this is associated with significant mortality and substantial morbidity.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Eileen Trier</name><affiliations><json:string>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</json:string><json:string>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Adrian G. Thomas MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</json:string><json:string>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cerebral palsy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>malnutrition</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>micronutrient</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>gastrostomy</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Feeding difficulty and malnutrition are common in disabled children. Intake may be reduced because of anorexia, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or vomiting. Feeding is often time consuming, unpleasant, and may result in aspiration. Malnutrition may result in impaired growth and neurodevelopment, and impaired cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune functions. Multidisciplinary assessment is recommended and should include a feeding history, oral-motor examination, and nutritional assessment. The energy requirements of most disabled children are less than those for a normal child of the same age but may be increased by spasticity, athetosis, convulsions, and recurrent infections. Micronutrient deficiencies may occur even in children receiving nutritionally complete feeds if the volume is reduced because of low energy requirements. Oral intake may be improved by a change of posture, special seating, feeding equipment, oral desensitization, mashing or pureeing of lumpy food, thickening of liquids, use of calorie supplements, and treatment of reflux/esophagitis. Non-oral feeding should be considered when oral feeding is unsafe, not enjoyable, inadequate, or very time consuming. Long-term support requires a gastrostomy. This is less obtrusive than a nasogastric tube, less likely to become displaced, less traumatic, and is associated with improved quality of life, but is also associated with significant morbidity. If there is symptomatic reflux a fundoplication may be required, but this is associated with significant mortality and substantial morbidity.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.496</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>586 x 785 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>4</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1584</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3868</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>23852</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>5</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>219</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Feeding the disabled child</title><pii><json:string>S0899-9007(98)00088-4</json:string></pii><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>K.B. Nelson</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.H. 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Sullivan</name></json:item></author><host><pages><first>151</first></pages><author></author><title>Clinics in developmental medicine 140</title></host><title>The ethics and implications of treatment programmes for disabled children with feeding difficulties</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>14</volume><pii><json:string>S0899-9007(00)X0026-3</json:string></pii><pages><last>805</last><first>801</first></pages><issn><json:string>0899-9007</json:string></issn><issue>10</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Nutrition</title><publicationDate>1998</publicationDate></host><publicationDate>1998</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1998</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4</json:string></doi><id>D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307</id><score>0.38625187</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Feeding the disabled child</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1998 Elsevier Science Inc.</p></availability><date>1998</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Section title: Specific Conditions</note><note type="content">FIG. 1: Proposed scheme for assessment of feeding problems.</note><note type="content">TABLE I: Effects of malnutrition</note><note type="content">TABLE II: Potential complications of gastrostomies</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Feeding the disabled child</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Eileen</forename><surname>Trier</surname></persName><affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Adrian G.</forename><surname>Thomas</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Nutrition</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NUT</title><idno type="pISSN">0899-9007</idno><idno type="PII">S0899-9007(00)X0026-3</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1998"></date><biblScope unit="volume">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="801">801</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="805">805</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4</idno><idno type="PII">S0899-9007(98)00088-4</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1998</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Feeding difficulty and malnutrition are common in disabled children. Intake may be reduced because of anorexia, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or vomiting. Feeding is often time consuming, unpleasant, and may result in aspiration. Malnutrition may result in impaired growth and neurodevelopment, and impaired cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune functions. Multidisciplinary assessment is recommended and should include a feeding history, oral-motor examination, and nutritional assessment. The energy requirements of most disabled children are less than those for a normal child of the same age but may be increased by spasticity, athetosis, convulsions, and recurrent infections. Micronutrient deficiencies may occur even in children receiving nutritionally complete feeds if the volume is reduced because of low energy requirements. Oral intake may be improved by a change of posture, special seating, feeding equipment, oral desensitization, mashing or pureeing of lumpy food, thickening of liquids, use of calorie supplements, and treatment of reflux/esophagitis. Non-oral feeding should be considered when oral feeding is unsafe, not enjoyable, inadequate, or very time consuming. Long-term support requires a gastrostomy. This is less obtrusive than a nasogastric tube, less likely to become displaced, less traumatic, and is associated with improved quality of life, but is also associated with significant morbidity. If there is symptomatic reflux a fundoplication may be required, but this is associated with significant mortality and substantial morbidity.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>cerebral palsy</term></item><item><term>malnutrition</term></item><item><term>micronutrient</term></item><item><term>gastrostomy</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1998">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="GR1"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>NUT</jid><aid>5612</aid><ce:pii>S0899-9007(98)00088-4</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="1998">Elsevier Science Inc.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Specific Conditions</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Feeding the disabled child</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Eileen</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Trier</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Adrian G.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Thomas</ce:surname><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR2">*</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</ce:text></ce:correspondence><ce:correspondence id="CORR2"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Feeding difficulty and malnutrition are common in disabled children. Intake may be reduced because of anorexia, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or vomiting. Feeding is often time consuming, unpleasant, and may result in aspiration. Malnutrition may result in impaired growth and neurodevelopment, and impaired cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune functions. Multidisciplinary assessment is recommended and should include a feeding history, oral-motor examination, and nutritional assessment. The energy requirements of most disabled children are less than those for a normal child of the same age but may be increased by spasticity, athetosis, convulsions, and recurrent infections. Micronutrient deficiencies may occur even in children receiving nutritionally complete feeds if the volume is reduced because of low energy requirements. Oral intake may be improved by a change of posture, special seating, feeding equipment, oral desensitization, mashing or pureeing of lumpy food, thickening of liquids, use of calorie supplements, and treatment of reflux/esophagitis. Non-oral feeding should be considered when oral feeding is unsafe, not enjoyable, inadequate, or very time consuming. Long-term support requires a gastrostomy. This is less obtrusive than a nasogastric tube, less likely to become displaced, less traumatic, and is associated with improved quality of life, but is also associated with significant morbidity. If there is symptomatic reflux a fundoplication may be required, but this is associated with significant mortality and substantial morbidity.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>cerebral palsy</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>malnutrition</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>micronutrient</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>gastrostomy</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Feeding the disabled child</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Feeding the disabled child</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Eileen</namePart><namePart type="family">Trier</namePart><affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Adrian G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Thomas</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence to: E. Trier and A. G. Thomas, MD, Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, Charlestown Road, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1998</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1998</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Feeding difficulty and malnutrition are common in disabled children. Intake may be reduced because of anorexia, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or vomiting. Feeding is often time consuming, unpleasant, and may result in aspiration. Malnutrition may result in impaired growth and neurodevelopment, and impaired cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune functions. Multidisciplinary assessment is recommended and should include a feeding history, oral-motor examination, and nutritional assessment. The energy requirements of most disabled children are less than those for a normal child of the same age but may be increased by spasticity, athetosis, convulsions, and recurrent infections. Micronutrient deficiencies may occur even in children receiving nutritionally complete feeds if the volume is reduced because of low energy requirements. Oral intake may be improved by a change of posture, special seating, feeding equipment, oral desensitization, mashing or pureeing of lumpy food, thickening of liquids, use of calorie supplements, and treatment of reflux/esophagitis. Non-oral feeding should be considered when oral feeding is unsafe, not enjoyable, inadequate, or very time consuming. Long-term support requires a gastrostomy. This is less obtrusive than a nasogastric tube, less likely to become displaced, less traumatic, and is associated with improved quality of life, but is also associated with significant morbidity. If there is symptomatic reflux a fundoplication may be required, but this is associated with significant mortality and substantial morbidity.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Specific Conditions</note><note type="content">FIG. 1: Proposed scheme for assessment of feeding problems.</note><note type="content">TABLE I: Effects of malnutrition</note><note type="content">TABLE II: Potential complications of gastrostomies</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>cerebral palsy</topic><topic>malnutrition</topic><topic>micronutrient</topic><topic>gastrostomy</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Nutrition</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>NUT</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199810</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0899-9007</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0899-9007(00)X0026-3</identifier><part><date>199810</date><detail type="volume"><number>14</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>10</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>743</start><end>830</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>801</start><end>805</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">D8091902BD61EB8DFAD88B614E1929A8B5CA4307</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0899-9007(98)00088-4</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1998 Elsevier Science Inc.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science Inc., ©1998</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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