Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?
Identifieur interne : 001238 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001237; suivant : 001239Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?
Auteurs : S. LöttersSource :
- International Zoo Yearbook [ 0074-9664 ] ; 2008-04.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
The worldwide status of the amphibians is alarming and one of the most effective conservation measures will be breeding in zoos and aquariums. In this paper, the situation for Afrotropical amphibians is highlighted. According to the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA), one‐quarter of the c. 1000 described Afrotropical species is threatened with extinction, as is one‐quarter of the c. 230 described Madagascan endemics alone. Habitat destruction is the most serious threat in the region, while the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis apparently plays a minor role. However, although known to be present on mainland Africa, this pathogen has not yet been recorded on Madagascar. It could therefore pose a serious threat to the Madagascan amphibian fauna in the future. The International Species Information System (ISIS) lists only about 5% of all Afrotropical amphibians maintained in zoos and aquariums, half of which are Madagascan, with a focus on Mantella frogs. Only 16 of these species are considered to be threatened under the GAA, including 11 Madagascan species. Conservation breeding is currently practiced in a single species only: the Critically Endangered Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis. Using both GAA and ISIS, the number of species identified as threatened is about 15 times higher than the number of species currently maintained in zoos and aquariums. The Madagscan situation is slightly better because one‐fifth of the 55 known threatened species is maintained in zoos and aquariums. Considerably more effort must be put into conservation breeding in the Afrotropical region.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?</title><author><name sortKey="Lotters, S" sort="Lotters, S" uniqKey="Lotters S" first="S." last="Lötters">S. Lötters</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsE‐mail: loetters@uni‐trier.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E</idno><date when="2008" year="2008">2008</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001238</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001238</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?</title><author><name sortKey="Lotters, S" sort="Lotters, S" uniqKey="Lotters S" first="S." last="Lötters">S. Lötters</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsE‐mail: loetters@uni‐trier.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">International Zoo Yearbook</title><idno type="ISSN">0074-9664</idno><idno type="eISSN">1748-1090</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-04">2008-04</date><biblScope unit="volume">42</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="136">136</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="142">142</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0074-9664</idno></series><idno type="istex">F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">IZY42</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0074-9664</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Africa</term><term>Anura</term><term>GAA</term><term>Gymnophiona</term><term>ISIS</term><term>Madagascar</term><term>amphibians</term><term>conservation breeding</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The worldwide status of the amphibians is alarming and one of the most effective conservation measures will be breeding in zoos and aquariums. In this paper, the situation for Afrotropical amphibians is highlighted. According to the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA), one‐quarter of the c. 1000 described Afrotropical species is threatened with extinction, as is one‐quarter of the c. 230 described Madagascan endemics alone. Habitat destruction is the most serious threat in the region, while the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis apparently plays a minor role. However, although known to be present on mainland Africa, this pathogen has not yet been recorded on Madagascar. It could therefore pose a serious threat to the Madagascan amphibian fauna in the future. The International Species Information System (ISIS) lists only about 5% of all Afrotropical amphibians maintained in zoos and aquariums, half of which are Madagascan, with a focus on Mantella frogs. Only 16 of these species are considered to be threatened under the GAA, including 11 Madagascan species. Conservation breeding is currently practiced in a single species only: the Critically Endangered Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis. Using both GAA and ISIS, the number of species identified as threatened is about 15 times higher than the number of species currently maintained in zoos and aquariums. The Madagscan situation is slightly better because one‐fifth of the 55 known threatened species is maintained in zoos and aquariums. Considerably more effort must be put into conservation breeding in the Afrotropical region.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>S. LÖTTERS</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsE‐mail: loetters@uni‐trier.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Africa</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>amphibians</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Anura</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>conservation breeding</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>GAA</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Gymnophiona</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ISIS</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Madagascar</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>IZY42</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The worldwide status of the amphibians is alarming and one of the most effective conservation measures will be breeding in zoos and aquariums. In this paper, the situation for Afrotropical amphibians is highlighted. According to the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA), one‐quarter of the c. 1000 described Afrotropical species is threatened with extinction, as is one‐quarter of the c. 230 described Madagascan endemics alone. Habitat destruction is the most serious threat in the region, while the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis apparently plays a minor role. However, although known to be present on mainland Africa, this pathogen has not yet been recorded on Madagascar. It could therefore pose a serious threat to the Madagascan amphibian fauna in the future. The International Species Information System (ISIS) lists only about 5% of all Afrotropical amphibians maintained in zoos and aquariums, half of which are Madagascan, with a focus on Mantella frogs. Only 16 of these species are considered to be threatened under the GAA, including 11 Madagascan species. Conservation breeding is currently practiced in a single species only: the Critically Endangered Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis. Using both GAA and ISIS, the number of species identified as threatened is about 15 times higher than the number of species currently maintained in zoos and aquariums. The Madagscan situation is slightly better because one‐fifth of the 55 known threatened species is maintained in zoos and aquariums. Considerably more effort must be put into conservation breeding in the Afrotropical region.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.274</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>484.724 x 671.811 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1638</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3358</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>22427</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>243</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>F. Andreone</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. E. Cadle</name></json:item><json:item><name>N. Cox</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Glaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. A. Nussbaum</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. J. Raxworthy</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. N. Stuart</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Vallan</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. 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Zippel</name></json:item></author><host><volume>33</volume><pages><last>12</last><first>11</first></pages><author></author><title>Herpetological Review</title></host><title>Conserving the Panamanian golden frog</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>42</volume><publisherId><json:string>IZY</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>7</total><last>142</last><first>136</first></pages><issn><json:string>0074-9664</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1748-1090</json:string></eissn><title>International Zoo Yearbook</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1748-1090</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2008</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2008</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x</json:string></doi><id>F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E</id><score>0.022000547</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2008 The Author. Journal compilation © 2008 The Zoological Society of London</p></availability><date>2008</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Afrotropical amphibians in zoos and aquariums: will they be on the ark?</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>LÖTTERS</surname></persName><note type="biography">*Present address: S. Lötters, Biogeography Department, Faculty of Geography/Geosciences, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany.</note><affiliation>*Present address: S. Lötters, Biogeography Department, Faculty of Geography/Geosciences, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany.</affiliation><affiliation>Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsE‐mail: loetters@uni‐trier.de</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">International Zoo Yearbook</title><idno type="pISSN">0074-9664</idno><idno type="eISSN">1748-1090</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1748-1090</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-04"></date><biblScope unit="volume">42</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="136">136</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="142">142</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">IZY42</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2008</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The worldwide status of the amphibians is alarming and one of the most effective conservation measures will be breeding in zoos and aquariums. In this paper, the situation for Afrotropical amphibians is highlighted. According to the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA), one‐quarter of the c. 1000 described Afrotropical species is threatened with extinction, as is one‐quarter of the c. 230 described Madagascan endemics alone. Habitat destruction is the most serious threat in the region, while the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis apparently plays a minor role. However, although known to be present on mainland Africa, this pathogen has not yet been recorded on Madagascar. It could therefore pose a serious threat to the Madagascan amphibian fauna in the future. The International Species Information System (ISIS) lists only about 5% of all Afrotropical amphibians maintained in zoos and aquariums, half of which are Madagascan, with a focus on Mantella frogs. Only 16 of these species are considered to be threatened under the GAA, including 11 Madagascan species. Conservation breeding is currently practiced in a single species only: the Critically Endangered Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis. Using both GAA and ISIS, the number of species identified as threatened is about 15 times higher than the number of species currently maintained in zoos and aquariums. The Madagscan situation is slightly better because one‐fifth of the 55 known threatened species is maintained in zoos and aquariums. Considerably more effort must be put into conservation breeding in the Afrotropical region.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Africa</term></item><item><term>amphibians</term></item><item><term>Anura</term></item><item><term>conservation breeding</term></item><item><term>GAA</term></item><item><term>Gymnophiona</term></item><item><term>ISIS</term></item><item><term>Madagascar</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-04">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1748-1090</doi><issn type="print">0074-9664</issn><issn type="electronic">1748-1090</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="IZY"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="INTERNATIONAL ZOO YEARBOOK">International Zoo Yearbook</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="04101"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/izy.2008.42.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="42">42</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2008-04">April 2008</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="16" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="IZY42"></id><id type="supplier" value="42"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="7"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">AMPHIBIAN CONSERVATION</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2008 The Author. 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E‐mail: <email normalForm="loetters@uni-trier.de">loetters@uni‐trier.de</email></unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Africa</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">amphibians</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">Anura</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">conservation breeding</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">GAA</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">Gymnophiona</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">ISIS</keyword><keyword xml:id="k8">Madagascar</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p>The worldwide status of the amphibians is alarming and one of the most effective conservation measures will be breeding in zoos and aquariums. In this paper, the situation for Afrotropical amphibians is highlighted. According to the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA), one‐quarter of the <i>c</i>. 1000 described Afrotropical species is threatened with extinction, as is one‐quarter of the <i>c</i>. 230 described Madagascan endemics alone. Habitat destruction is the most serious threat in the region, while the amphibian chytrid fungus <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> apparently plays a minor role. However, although known to be present on mainland Africa, this pathogen has not yet been recorded on Madagascar. It could therefore pose a serious threat to the Madagascan amphibian fauna in the future. The International Species Information System (ISIS) lists only about 5% of all Afrotropical amphibians maintained in zoos and aquariums, half of which are Madagascan, with a focus on <i>Mantella</i> frogs. Only 16 of these species are considered to be threatened under the GAA, including 11 Madagascan species. Conservation breeding is currently practiced in a single species only: the Critically Endangered Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad <i>Nectophrynoides asperginis</i>. Using both GAA and ISIS, the number of species identified as threatened is about 15 times higher than the number of species currently maintained in zoos and aquariums. The Madagscan situation is slightly better because one‐fifth of the 55 known threatened species is maintained in zoos and aquariums. Considerably more effort must be put into conservation breeding in the Afrotropical region.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p><sup>*</sup>Present address: S. 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In this paper, the situation for Afrotropical amphibians is highlighted. According to the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA), one‐quarter of the c. 1000 described Afrotropical species is threatened with extinction, as is one‐quarter of the c. 230 described Madagascan endemics alone. Habitat destruction is the most serious threat in the region, while the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis apparently plays a minor role. However, although known to be present on mainland Africa, this pathogen has not yet been recorded on Madagascar. It could therefore pose a serious threat to the Madagascan amphibian fauna in the future. The International Species Information System (ISIS) lists only about 5% of all Afrotropical amphibians maintained in zoos and aquariums, half of which are Madagascan, with a focus on Mantella frogs. Only 16 of these species are considered to be threatened under the GAA, including 11 Madagascan species. Conservation breeding is currently practiced in a single species only: the Critically Endangered Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis. Using both GAA and ISIS, the number of species identified as threatened is about 15 times higher than the number of species currently maintained in zoos and aquariums. The Madagscan situation is slightly better because one‐fifth of the 55 known threatened species is maintained in zoos and aquariums. Considerably more effort must be put into conservation breeding in the Afrotropical region.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Africa</topic><topic>amphibians</topic><topic>Anura</topic><topic>conservation breeding</topic><topic>GAA</topic><topic>Gymnophiona</topic><topic>ISIS</topic><topic>Madagascar</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>International Zoo Yearbook</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0074-9664</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1748-1090</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1748-1090</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">IZY</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>42</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>136</start><end>142</end><total>7</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">F4CD9ACB15D999C39CA688450F22B52CBE231E8E</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00042.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">IZY42</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2008 The Author. 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