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From southern refugia to the northern range margin: genetic population structure of the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis

Identifieur interne : 001066 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001065; suivant : 001067

From southern refugia to the northern range margin: genetic population structure of the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis

Auteurs : Franz Gassert ; Ulrich Schulte ; Martin Husemann ; Werner Ulrich ; Dennis Rödder ; Axel Hochkirch ; Edmée Engel ; Jobst Meyer ; Jan Christian Habel

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:43C25666290D56C5A3F142E739F2585E63D45085

Abstract

Thermophilic species persisted in southern refugia during the cold phases of the Pleistocene, and expanded northwards during warming. These processes caused genetic imprints, such as a differentiation of genetic lineages and a loss of genetic diversity in the wake of (re)colonization. We used molecular markers and species distribution models (SDMs) to study the impact of range dynamics on the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, from southern refugia to the northern range margin.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12109

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:43C25666290D56C5A3F142E739F2585E63D45085

Le document en format XML

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<note>Appendix S1 Overview of all cytochrome b sequence data used in our study. Appendix S2 Results obtained from the program rasp. Appendix S3 Estimates of cluster number (K) from structure and Structurama analyses using ten microsatellite loci for K = 1–20 (individuals) of Podarcis muralis.</note>
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<affiliation>Correspondence: Franz Gassert, Department of Vertebrate Biology, Natural History Museum Luxembourg, 25, rue Münster, L‐2160 Luxembourg.E‐mail:</affiliation>
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<p>Thermophilic species persisted in southern refugia during the cold phases of the Pleistocene, and expanded northwards during warming. These processes caused genetic imprints, such as a differentiation of genetic lineages and a loss of genetic diversity in the wake of (re)colonization. We used molecular markers and species distribution models (SDMs) to study the impact of range dynamics on the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, from southern refugia to the northern range margin.</p>
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<p>We genotyped 10 polymorphic microsatellites in 282 individuals of P. muralis and sequenced the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b gene to study the genetic structure, divergence times and ancestral distributions. Furthermore, we generated SDMs for climate scenarios for 6 and 21 ka derived from two different global circulation models.</p>
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<p>We detected two major mtDNA lineages – a western France clade (Pyrenees to Brittany), and an eastern France clade (southern France to Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg). This split was dated to c. 1.23 Ma. The latter clade was divided into two subclades, which diverged c. 0.38 Ma. Genetic diversity of microsatellites within each clade was nested and showed a significant loss of genetic diversity from south to north, a strong pattern of allele surfing across nearly all loci, and an increase in genetic differentiation towards the northern range margin. Results from SDMs suggest that southward range retraction during the late glacial period split the distribution into geographically distinct refugia.</p>
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<p>The strong genetic differentiation mirrors the effects of long‐term isolation of P. muralis in multiple refugia. Post‐glacial recolonization of Northern Europe has taken place from two distinct refugia, most probably along river systems (Rhône, Rhine, Moselle) and along the Atlantic coastline, with subsequent nested elimination of genetic diversity and increasing genetic differentiation at the northern range margin.</p>
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<line>Correspondence: Franz Gassert, Department of Vertebrate Biology, Natural History Museum Luxembourg, 25, rue Münster, L‐2160 Luxembourg.</line>
<line>E‐mail:
<email>franz.gassert@gmx.de</email>
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<title type="main">From southern refugia to the northern range margin: genetic population structure of the common wall lizard,
<i>Podarcis muralis</i>
</title>
<title type="shortAuthors">F. Gassert
<i>et al</i>
.</title>
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<orgDiv>Department of Biogeography</orgDiv>
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<address>
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<country>USA</country>
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<address>
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<city>Toruń</city>
<country>Poland</country>
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<city>Bonn</city>
<country>Germany</country>
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<affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="jbi12109-aff-0006">
<orgDiv>Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics</orgDiv>
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<city>Trier</city>
<country>Germany</country>
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<affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="jbi12109-aff-0007">
<orgDiv>Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management</orgDiv>
<orgName>Technische Universität München</orgName>
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<city>Freising‐Weihenstephan</city>
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<keyword xml:id="jbi12109-kwd-0002">Europe</keyword>
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<keyword xml:id="jbi12109-kwd-0004">leading edge</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="jbi12109-kwd-0005">lizard phylogeography</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="jbi12109-kwd-0006">microsatellites</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="jbi12109-kwd-0007">post‐glacial pathways</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="jbi12109-kwd-0008">rear edge</keyword>
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<caption>
<p>
<b>Appendix S1</b>
Overview of all cytochrome 
<i>b</i>
sequence data used in our study.</p>
<p>
<b>Appendix S2</b>
Results obtained from the program
<sc>rasp</sc>
.</p>
<p>
<b>Appendix S3</b>
Estimates of cluster number (
<i>K</i>
) from
<sc>structure</sc>
and
<sc>Structurama</sc>
analyses using ten microsatellite loci for
<i></i>
=
<i> </i>
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<i>Podarcis muralis</i>
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<title type="main">Aim</title>
<p>Thermophilic species persisted in southern refugia during the cold phases of the Pleistocene, and expanded northwards during warming. These processes caused genetic imprints, such as a differentiation of genetic lineages and a loss of genetic diversity in the wake of (re)colonization. We used molecular markers and species distribution models (
<fc>SDM</fc>
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<i>Podarcis muralis</i>
, from southern refugia to the northern range margin.</p>
</section>
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<title type="main">Location</title>
<p>Parts of the Western Palaearctic.</p>
</section>
<section xml:id="jbi12109-sec-0003">
<title type="main">Methods</title>
<p>We genotyped 10 polymorphic microsatellites in 282 individuals of
<i>P. muralis</i>
and sequenced the mitochondrial
<fc>DNA</fc>
(mt
<fc>DNA</fc>
) cytochrome
<i> b</i>
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<fc>SDM</fc>
s for climate scenarios for 6 and 21 ka derived from two different global circulation models.</p>
</section>
<section xml:id="jbi12109-sec-0004">
<title type="main">Results</title>
<p>We detected two major mt
<fc>DNA</fc>
lineages – a western France clade (Pyrenees to Brittany), and an eastern France clade (southern France to Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg). This split was dated to
<i>c</i>
. 1.23 Ma. The latter clade was divided into two subclades, which diverged
<i>c</i>
. 0.38 Ma. Genetic diversity of microsatellites within each clade was nested and showed a significant loss of genetic diversity from south to north, a strong pattern of allele surfing across nearly all loci, and an increase in genetic differentiation towards the northern range margin. Results from
<fc>SDM</fc>
s suggest that southward range retraction during the late glacial period split the distribution into geographically distinct refugia.</p>
</section>
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<title type="main">Main conclusions</title>
<p>The strong genetic differentiation mirrors the effects of long‐term isolation of
<i>P. muralis</i>
in multiple refugia. Post‐glacial recolonization of Northern Europe has taken place from two distinct refugia, most probably along river systems (Rhône, Rhine, Moselle) and along the Atlantic coastline, with subsequent nested elimination of genetic diversity and increasing genetic differentiation at the northern range margin.</p>
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<affiliation>Correspondence: Franz Gassert, Department of Vertebrate Biology, Natural History Museum Luxembourg, 25, rue Münster, L‐2160 Luxembourg.E‐mail:</affiliation>
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<abstract>Thermophilic species persisted in southern refugia during the cold phases of the Pleistocene, and expanded northwards during warming. These processes caused genetic imprints, such as a differentiation of genetic lineages and a loss of genetic diversity in the wake of (re)colonization. We used molecular markers and species distribution models (SDMs) to study the impact of range dynamics on the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, from southern refugia to the northern range margin.</abstract>
<abstract>Parts of the Western Palaearctic.</abstract>
<abstract>We genotyped 10 polymorphic microsatellites in 282 individuals of P. muralis and sequenced the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b gene to study the genetic structure, divergence times and ancestral distributions. Furthermore, we generated SDMs for climate scenarios for 6 and 21 ka derived from two different global circulation models.</abstract>
<abstract>We detected two major mtDNA lineages – a western France clade (Pyrenees to Brittany), and an eastern France clade (southern France to Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg). This split was dated to c. 1.23 Ma. The latter clade was divided into two subclades, which diverged c. 0.38 Ma. Genetic diversity of microsatellites within each clade was nested and showed a significant loss of genetic diversity from south to north, a strong pattern of allele surfing across nearly all loci, and an increase in genetic differentiation towards the northern range margin. Results from SDMs suggest that southward range retraction during the late glacial period split the distribution into geographically distinct refugia.</abstract>
<abstract>The strong genetic differentiation mirrors the effects of long‐term isolation of P. muralis in multiple refugia. Post‐glacial recolonization of Northern Europe has taken place from two distinct refugia, most probably along river systems (Rhône, Rhine, Moselle) and along the Atlantic coastline, with subsequent nested elimination of genetic diversity and increasing genetic differentiation at the northern range margin.</abstract>
<note type="additional physical form">Appendix S1 Overview of all cytochrome b sequence data used in our study. Appendix S2 Results obtained from the program rasp. Appendix S3 Estimates of cluster number (K) from structure and Structurama analyses using ten microsatellite loci for K = 1–20 (individuals) of Podarcis muralis.</note>
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<topic>Europe</topic>
<topic>genetic structure</topic>
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<topic>microsatellites</topic>
<topic>post‐glacial pathways</topic>
<topic>rear edge</topic>
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<topic>species distribution models</topic>
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<identifier type="ISSN">0305-0270</identifier>
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<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2699</identifier>
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<date>2013</date>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>40</number>
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<caption>no.</caption>
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<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</accessCondition>
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