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Ostracism of an Albino Individual by a Group of Pigmented Catfish

Identifieur interne : 000015 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000014; suivant : 000016

Ostracism of an Albino Individual by a Group of Pigmented Catfish

Auteurs : Ond Ej Slavík [République tchèque] ; Pavel Hork [République tchèque] ; Matúš Maciak [Canada]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4446300

Abstract

Physiological and behavioural constraints hinder albino individuals. Albino animals are rare in the wild; this trait is associated with easy detection by predators, non-native or damaged environments, and exclusively aphotic environments in total darkness. The social aspect of albinism is reported only for human beings, and the effect is distinguishable in time and space when social benefits, are used to a limited the extent. Thus far, the social consequences of albinism for animals remain unknown. We used socially established groups of the pigmented catfish, (Silurus glanis), to observe space and temporal distance detachment of albino specimens in laboratory conditions. The albino fish were separated at larger distances from the group than pigmented individuals with the same social status determined by familiarity, and this asymmetry also varied in time. Albinism-related ostracism results in a solitary existence, usually followed by enhanced predation risk. The motivation for an individual’s exclusion from a group appears to be the avoidance of the predation risk that increases not only for an odd individual but also for conspecifics within a group. Our findings indicate a role for albinism in behavioural processes related to sociality in a group of conspecifics.


Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128279
PubMed: 26018869
PubMed Central: 4446300

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PMC:4446300

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<p>Physiological and behavioural constraints hinder albino individuals. Albino animals are rare in the wild; this trait is associated with easy detection by predators, non-native or damaged environments, and exclusively aphotic environments in total darkness. The social aspect of albinism is reported only for human beings, and the effect is distinguishable in time and space when social benefits, are used to a limited the extent. Thus far, the social consequences of albinism for animals remain unknown. We used socially established groups of the pigmented catfish, (
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<name>
<surname>Slavík</surname>
<given-names>Ondřej</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001">
<sup>1</sup>
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<xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref>
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<surname>Horký</surname>
<given-names>Pavel</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001">
<sup>1</sup>
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<surname>Maciak</surname>
<given-names>Matúš</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="currentaff001">
<sup>¤a</sup>
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<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="currentaff002">
<sup>¤b</sup>
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<addr-line>Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague, Czech Republic</addr-line>
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<aff id="aff002">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada</addr-line>
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<surname>Norton</surname>
<given-names>William HJ</given-names>
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<addr-line>University of Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM</addr-line>
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<fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001">
<p>
<bold>Competing Interests: </bold>
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001">
<p>Conceived and designed the experiments: OS PH. Performed the experiments: OS PH. Analyzed the data: MM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: OS PH MM. Wrote the paper: OS. Gave final approval for publication: OS PH MM.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="current-aff" id="currentaff001">
<label>¤a</label>
<p>Current address: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague, Czech Republic</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="current-aff" id="currentaff002">
<label>¤b</label>
<p>Current address: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Sokolovská 83, Prague, Czech Republic</p>
</fn>
<corresp id="cor001">* E-mail:
<email>oslavik@af.czu.cz</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>27</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<issue>5</issue>
<elocation-id>e0128279</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>5</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>23</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Slavík et al</copyright-holder>
<license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>
, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0128279.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Physiological and behavioural constraints hinder albino individuals. Albino animals are rare in the wild; this trait is associated with easy detection by predators, non-native or damaged environments, and exclusively aphotic environments in total darkness. The social aspect of albinism is reported only for human beings, and the effect is distinguishable in time and space when social benefits, are used to a limited the extent. Thus far, the social consequences of albinism for animals remain unknown. We used socially established groups of the pigmented catfish, (
<italic>Silurus glanis</italic>
), to observe space and temporal distance detachment of albino specimens in laboratory conditions. The albino fish were separated at larger distances from the group than pigmented individuals with the same social status determined by familiarity, and this asymmetry also varied in time. Albinism-related ostracism results in a solitary existence, usually followed by enhanced predation risk. The motivation for an individual’s exclusion from a group appears to be the avoidance of the predation risk that increases not only for an odd individual but also for conspecifics within a group. Our findings indicate a role for albinism in behavioural processes related to sociality in a group of conspecifics.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group>
<funding-statement>The work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (no. 13-058725),
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.gacr.cz">www.gacr.cz</ext-link>
. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement>
</funding-group>
<counts>
<fig-count count="5"></fig-count>
<table-count count="1"></table-count>
<page-count count="11"></page-count>
</counts>
<custom-meta-group>
<custom-meta id="data-availability">
<meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name>
<meta-value>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
<notes>
<title>Data Availability</title>
<p>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</p>
</notes>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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