A Critical Assessment of Marine Aquarist Biodiversity Data and Commercial Aquaculture: Identifying Gaps in Culture Initiatives to Inform Local Fisheries Managers
Identifieur interne : 000078 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000077; suivant : 000079A Critical Assessment of Marine Aquarist Biodiversity Data and Commercial Aquaculture: Identifying Gaps in Culture Initiatives to Inform Local Fisheries Managers
Auteurs : Joanna M. Murray [Royaume-Uni] ; Gordon J. Watson [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
It is widely accepted that if well managed, the marine aquarium trade could provide socio-economic stability to local communities while incentivising the maintenance of coral reefs. However, the trade has also been implicated as having potentially widespread environmental impacts that has in part driven developments in aquaculture to relieve wild collection pressures. This study investigates the biodiversity in hobbyist aquaria (using an online survey) and those species currently available from an aquaculture source (commercial data and hobbyist initiatives) in the context of a traffic light system to highlight gaps in aquaculture effort and identify groups that require fisheries assessments. Two hundred and sixty nine species including clown fish, damsels, dotty backs, angelfish, gobies, sea horses and blennies, have reported breeding successes by hobbyists, a pattern mirrored by the European and US commercial organisations. However, there is a mismatch (high demand and low/non-existent aquaculture) for a number of groups including tangs, starfish, anemones and hermit crabs, which we recommend are priority candidates for local stock assessments. Hobbyist perception towards the concept of a sustainable aquarium trade is also explored with results demonstrating that only 40% of respondents were in agreement with industry and scientists who believe the trade could be an exemplar of a sustainable use of coral reefs. We believe that a more transparent evidence base, including the publication of the species collected and cultured, will go some way to align the concept of a sustainable trade across industry stakeholders and better inform the hobbyist when purchasing their aquaria stock. We conclude by proposing that a certification scheme established with government support is the most effective way to move towards a self-regulating industry. It would prevent industry “greenwashing” from multiple certification schemes, alleviate conservation concerns, and, ultimately, support aquaculture initiatives alongside well managed ornamental fisheries.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105982
PubMed: 25207538
PubMed Central: 4160189
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Murray</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Environment and Ecosystems, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Environment and Ecosystems, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Suffolk</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hampshire</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Gordon J" sort="Watson, Gordon J" uniqKey="Watson G" first="Gordon J." last="Watson">Gordon J. Watson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hampshire</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25207538</idno><idno type="pmc">4160189</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4160189</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4160189</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0105982</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000078</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A Critical Assessment of Marine Aquarist Biodiversity Data and Commercial Aquaculture: Identifying Gaps in Culture Initiatives to Inform Local Fisheries Managers</title><author><name sortKey="Murray, Joanna M" sort="Murray, Joanna M" uniqKey="Murray J" first="Joanna M." last="Murray">Joanna M. Murray</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Environment and Ecosystems, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Environment and Ecosystems, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Suffolk</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hampshire</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Gordon J" sort="Watson, Gordon J" uniqKey="Watson G" first="Gordon J." last="Watson">Gordon J. Watson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hampshire</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>It is widely accepted that if well managed, the marine aquarium trade could provide socio-economic stability to local communities while incentivising the maintenance of coral reefs. However, the trade has also been implicated as having potentially widespread environmental impacts that has in part driven developments in aquaculture to relieve wild collection pressures. This study investigates the biodiversity in hobbyist aquaria (using an online survey) and those species currently available from an aquaculture source (commercial data and hobbyist initiatives) in the context of a traffic light system to highlight gaps in aquaculture effort and identify groups that require fisheries assessments. Two hundred and sixty nine species including clown fish, damsels, dotty backs, angelfish, gobies, sea horses and blennies, have reported breeding successes by hobbyists, a pattern mirrored by the European and US commercial organisations. However, there is a mismatch (high demand and low/non-existent aquaculture) for a number of groups including tangs, starfish, anemones and hermit crabs, which we recommend are priority candidates for local stock assessments. Hobbyist perception towards the concept of a sustainable aquarium trade is also explored with results demonstrating that only 40% of respondents were in agreement with industry and scientists who believe the trade could be an exemplar of a sustainable use of coral reefs. We believe that a more transparent evidence base, including the publication of the species collected and cultured, will go some way to align the concept of a sustainable trade across industry stakeholders and better inform the hobbyist when purchasing their aquaria stock. We conclude by proposing that a certification scheme established with government support is the most effective way to move towards a self-regulating industry. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25207538</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4160189</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-19144</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0105982</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Marine Biology</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Marine and Aquatic Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Aquatic Environments</subject><subj-group><subject>Marine Environments</subject><subj-group><subject>Coasts</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Conservation Science</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Environmental Impacts</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Science Policy</subject><subj-group><subject>Science Policy and Economics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A Critical Assessment of Marine Aquarist Biodiversity Data and Commercial Aquaculture: Identifying Gaps in Culture Initiatives to Inform Local Fisheries Managers</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Hobbyists and the Marine Aquarium Trade</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murray</surname><given-names>Joanna M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Watson</surname><given-names>Gordon J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Environment and Ecosystems, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Fulton</surname><given-names>Christopher J.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>The Australian National University, Australia</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>Joanna.Murray@cefas.co.uk</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: JM GW. Performed the experiments: JM. Analyzed the data: JM GW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GW. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: JM GW.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>9</issue><elocation-id>e105982</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>29</day><month>4</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>30</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Murray, Watson</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>It is widely accepted that if well managed, the marine aquarium trade could provide socio-economic stability to local communities while incentivising the maintenance of coral reefs. However, the trade has also been implicated as having potentially widespread environmental impacts that has in part driven developments in aquaculture to relieve wild collection pressures. This study investigates the biodiversity in hobbyist aquaria (using an online survey) and those species currently available from an aquaculture source (commercial data and hobbyist initiatives) in the context of a traffic light system to highlight gaps in aquaculture effort and identify groups that require fisheries assessments. Two hundred and sixty nine species including clown fish, damsels, dotty backs, angelfish, gobies, sea horses and blennies, have reported breeding successes by hobbyists, a pattern mirrored by the European and US commercial organisations. However, there is a mismatch (high demand and low/non-existent aquaculture) for a number of groups including tangs, starfish, anemones and hermit crabs, which we recommend are priority candidates for local stock assessments. Hobbyist perception towards the concept of a sustainable aquarium trade is also explored with results demonstrating that only 40% of respondents were in agreement with industry and scientists who believe the trade could be an exemplar of a sustainable use of coral reefs. We believe that a more transparent evidence base, including the publication of the species collected and cultured, will go some way to align the concept of a sustainable trade across industry stakeholders and better inform the hobbyist when purchasing their aquaria stock. We conclude by proposing that a certification scheme established with government support is the most effective way to move towards a self-regulating industry. It would prevent industry “greenwashing” from multiple certification schemes, alleviate conservation concerns, and, ultimately, support aquaculture initiatives alongside well managed ornamental fisheries.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was supported by a Leverhulme Trust grant to G. Watson and a studentship for J. Murray (grant number F/00 678/9). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="11"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Murray, Joanna M" sort="Murray, Joanna M" uniqKey="Murray J" first="Joanna M." last="Murray">Joanna M. Murray</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Murray, Joanna M" sort="Murray, Joanna M" uniqKey="Murray J" first="Joanna M." last="Murray">Joanna M. Murray</name><name sortKey="Watson, Gordon J" sort="Watson, Gordon J" uniqKey="Watson G" first="Gordon J." last="Watson">Gordon J. Watson</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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