A review of the past and present status of anadromous fish species in the Netherlands: is restocking the Rhine feasible?
Identifieur interne : 001398 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001397; suivant : 001399A review of the past and present status of anadromous fish species in the Netherlands: is restocking the Rhine feasible?
Auteurs : S. J. De Groot [Pays-Bas]Source :
- Hydrobiologia : (The Hague) [ 0018-8158 ] ; 2002.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
The paper reviews the past, present and future of eight anadromous fish species inhabiting the Lower Rhine (The Netherlands), viz. -sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), whitefish and houting (Coregonus lavaretus, C. oxyrinchus), smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), allis and twaite shad (Alosa alosa, A. fallax), sea trout (Salmo trutta) and salmon (Salmo salar). All species are under threat or became extinct (e.g. sturgeon, allis shad). It is not possible to single out a specific factor for the decline or disappearance. A combination of factors is responsible, as the degradation of the spawning and nursery areas, river correction for shipping, building of sluices and hydropower dams, extraction of sand and gravel and river pollution. The likelihood that a species will return via natural recovery, or restocking is assessed. The return of the sturgeon is unlikely. Present observations of sturgeon can be attributed to releases of unwanted sturgeon hybrids. A natural stock of coregonids in Dutch waters seems not feasible any more due to irreversible habitat degradation. Present day catches originate from German releases. The anadromous smelt, heavily reduced in numbers, still inhabits some of our waters, the non-migratory smelt is still very common. The allis shad is extinct and unlikely to recover. The species never spawned in the Dutch part of the Rhine. Twaite shad, declining in numbers, are still observed in the lower reaches of Rhine and Meuse. Sea trout is presumably still present in the same varying numbers as before. Spawning in our waters has not been documented. The salmon, once fished in large numbers, is now the subject of restocking programmes in Germany. Observations of individuals can partly be attributed to these programmes but also to straying salmon. Restocking programmes should be considerably improved before noticeable success is to be met.
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J." last="De Groot">S. J. De Groot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Netherlands Institute for Fisheries Research (RIVO-DLO), P.O. Box 68</s1><s2>1970 AB IJmuiden</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>1970 AB IJmuiden</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Hydrobiologia : (The Hague)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Hydrobiologia : (Hague)</title><idno type="ISSN">0018-8158</idno><imprint><date when="2002">2002</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Hydrobiologia : (The Hague)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Hydrobiologia : (Hague)</title><idno type="ISSN">0018-8158</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Anadromous species</term><term>Extinct species</term><term>Feasibility</term><term>Interspecific comparison</term><term>Netherlands</term><term>Pisces</term><term>Population decline</term><term>Population recovery</term><term>Restocking</term><term>Review</term><term>Rhine River</term><term>Stream</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Article synthèse</term><term>Déclin population</term><term>Repeuplement</term><term>Faisabilité</term><term>Espèce éteinte</term><term>Restauration population</term><term>Comparaison interspécifique</term><term>Cours eau</term><term>Pays Bas</term><term>Pisces</term><term>Rivière Rhin</term><term>Espèce anadrome</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The paper reviews the past, present and future of eight anadromous fish species inhabiting the Lower Rhine (The Netherlands), viz. -sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), whitefish and houting (Coregonus lavaretus, C. oxyrinchus), smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), allis and twaite shad (Alosa alosa, A. fallax), sea trout (Salmo trutta) and salmon (Salmo salar). All species are under threat or became extinct (e.g. sturgeon, allis shad). It is not possible to single out a specific factor for the decline or disappearance. A combination of factors is responsible, as the degradation of the spawning and nursery areas, river correction for shipping, building of sluices and hydropower dams, extraction of sand and gravel and river pollution. The likelihood that a species will return via natural recovery, or restocking is assessed. The return of the sturgeon is unlikely. Present observations of sturgeon can be attributed to releases of unwanted sturgeon hybrids. A natural stock of coregonids in Dutch waters seems not feasible any more due to irreversible habitat degradation. Present day catches originate from German releases. The anadromous smelt, heavily reduced in numbers, still inhabits some of our waters, the non-migratory smelt is still very common. The allis shad is extinct and unlikely to recover. The species never spawned in the Dutch part of the Rhine. Twaite shad, declining in numbers, are still observed in the lower reaches of Rhine and Meuse. Sea trout is presumably still present in the same varying numbers as before. Spawning in our waters has not been documented. The salmon, once fished in large numbers, is now the subject of restocking programmes in Germany. Observations of individuals can partly be attributed to these programmes but also to straying salmon. Restocking programmes should be considerably improved before noticeable success is to be met.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Pays-Bas</li></country></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Groot, S J" sort="De Groot, S J" uniqKey="De Groot S" first="S. J." last="De Groot">S. J. De Groot</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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