Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks
Identifieur interne : 001673 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001672; suivant : 001674Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks
Auteurs : L. A. Muzinic ; K. R. Thompson ; L. S. Metts ; S. Dasgupta ; C. D. WebsterSource :
- Aquaculture Nutrition [ 1353-5773 ] ; 2006-02.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Economical, nutritious diets for hybrid striped bass (HSTB) are required for the continued expansion and sustainability of this industry. Turkey meal (TM) is a by‐product of the US turkey industry and is a potentially‐valuable local, alternative protein source for use in aquaculture diets because of its excellent nutritional composition and quality. TM may substitute for more expensive fish meal (FM)‐based diets; however, there are no published data with regard to using this ingredient in sunshine bass diets. Therefore, a 16‐week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile (36 g) sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) to evaluate growth, feed conversion and body composition when fed diets with decreasing levels of FM (300, 200, 100 and 0 g kg−1) and increasing levels of turkey meal (0, 97, 175 and 264 g kg−1). Four practical diets were formulated to contain 400 g kg−1 protein and similar energy levels. Twenty fish were stocked into each of the 12, 1200‐L circular tanks and were fed twice daily ad libitum. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in final mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio among treatments, which averaged 363.7 g, 904.3%, 2.02% day−1 and 1.73, respectively. Percentage survival of fish fed diet 4 (0 g kg−1 FM and 264 g kg−1 TM) was significantly (P > 0.05) lower (survival = 88.3%) than fish fed diet 3 (100 g kg−1 FM and 175 g kg−1 TM; survival = 95%), but not different from fish fed diet 1 (survival = 92.5%) and fish fed diet 2 (survival = 93.3%). Fillet weight and amount of abdominal fat were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 258 and 58 g kg−1, respectively. Fish fed diet 1 (300 g kg−1 FM, 0 g kg−1 TM) and diet 2 (200 g kg−1 FM and 970 g kg−1 TM) had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower hepatosomatic index (2.83 and 3.01, respectively) than fish fed diet 4 (3.33), but not different (P > 0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3 (3.14). Lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 2 (197 g kg−1) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than fish fed all other diets; and the percentage lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 1 (126 g kg−1) was significantly lower than fish fed diets 2 and 4, but not different (P >0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3. Fillet moisture, protein and ash were similar among fish fed all diets and averaged 748, 798 g kg−1 and 51.0 g kg−1 (dry‐matter basis), respectively. The amino acid composition of fillets was similar among all treatments with a few slight significant differences. Results from the present study indicate that tank‐grown sunshine bass can be fed a diet containing 264 g kg−1 TM with 0 g kg−1 FM, compared to diets containing up to 300 g kg−1 FM, without adverse effects on weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion and body composition. Further research should be conducted using lower‐protein diets to determine minimum protein level for tank‐grown sunshine bass.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2006.00387.x
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Economical, nutritious diets for hybrid striped bass (HSTB) are required for the continued expansion and sustainability of this industry. Turkey meal (TM) is a by‐product of the US turkey industry and is a potentially‐valuable local, alternative protein source for use in aquaculture diets because of its excellent nutritional composition and quality. TM may substitute for more expensive fish meal (FM)‐based diets; however, there are no published data with regard to using this ingredient in sunshine bass diets. Therefore, a 16‐week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile (36 g) sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) to evaluate growth, feed conversion and body composition when fed diets with decreasing levels of FM (300, 200, 100 and 0 g kg−1) and increasing levels of turkey meal (0, 97, 175 and 264 g kg−1). Four practical diets were formulated to contain 400 g kg−1 protein and similar energy levels. Twenty fish were stocked into each of the 12, 1200‐L circular tanks and were fed twice daily ad libitum. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in final mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio among treatments, which averaged 363.7 g, 904.3%, 2.02% day−1 and 1.73, respectively. Percentage survival of fish fed diet 4 (0 g kg−1 FM and 264 g kg−1 TM) was significantly (P > 0.05) lower (survival = 88.3%) than fish fed diet 3 (100 g kg−1 FM and 175 g kg−1 TM; survival = 95%), but not different from fish fed diet 1 (survival = 92.5%) and fish fed diet 2 (survival = 93.3%). Fillet weight and amount of abdominal fat were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 258 and 58 g kg−1, respectively. Fish fed diet 1 (300 g kg−1 FM, 0 g kg−1 TM) and diet 2 (200 g kg−1 FM and 970 g kg−1 TM) had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower hepatosomatic index (2.83 and 3.01, respectively) than fish fed diet 4 (3.33), but not different (P > 0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3 (3.14). Lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 2 (197 g kg−1) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than fish fed all other diets; and the percentage lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 1 (126 g kg−1) was significantly lower than fish fed diets 2 and 4, but not different (P >0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3. Fillet moisture, protein and ash were similar among fish fed all diets and averaged 748, 798 g kg−1 and 51.0 g kg−1 (dry‐matter basis), respectively. The amino acid composition of fillets was similar among all treatments with a few slight significant differences. Results from the present study indicate that tank‐grown sunshine bass can be fed a diet containing 264 g kg−1 TM with 0 g kg−1 FM, compared to diets containing up to 300 g kg−1 FM, without adverse effects on weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion and body composition. Further research should be conducted using lower‐protein diets to determine minimum protein level for tank‐grown sunshine bass.</div>
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<abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Economical, nutritious diets for hybrid striped bass (HSTB) are required for the continued expansion and sustainability of this industry. Turkey meal (TM) is a by‐product of the US turkey industry and is a potentially‐valuable local, alternative protein source for use in aquaculture diets because of its excellent nutritional composition and quality. TM may substitute for more expensive fish meal (FM)‐based diets; however, there are no published data with regard to using this ingredient in sunshine bass diets. Therefore, a 16‐week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile (36 g) sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) to evaluate growth, feed conversion and body composition when fed diets with decreasing levels of FM (300, 200, 100 and 0 g kg−1) and increasing levels of turkey meal (0, 97, 175 and 264 g kg−1). Four practical diets were formulated to contain 400 g kg−1 protein and similar energy levels. Twenty fish were stocked into each of the 12, 1200‐L circular tanks and were fed twice daily ad libitum. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in final mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio among treatments, which averaged 363.7 g, 904.3%, 2.02% day−1 and 1.73, respectively. Percentage survival of fish fed diet 4 (0 g kg−1 FM and 264 g kg−1 TM) was significantly (P > 0.05) lower (survival = 88.3%) than fish fed diet 3 (100 g kg−1 FM and 175 g kg−1 TM; survival = 95%), but not different from fish fed diet 1 (survival = 92.5%) and fish fed diet 2 (survival = 93.3%). Fillet weight and amount of abdominal fat were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 258 and 58 g kg−1, respectively. Fish fed diet 1 (300 g kg−1 FM, 0 g kg−1 TM) and diet 2 (200 g kg−1 FM and 970 g kg−1 TM) had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower hepatosomatic index (2.83 and 3.01, respectively) than fish fed diet 4 (3.33), but not different (P > 0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3 (3.14). Lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 2 (197 g kg−1) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than fish fed all other diets; and the percentage lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 1 (126 g kg−1) was significantly lower than fish fed diets 2 and 4, but not different (P >0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3. Fillet moisture, protein and ash were similar among fish fed all diets and averaged 748, 798 g kg−1 and 51.0 g kg−1 (dry‐matter basis), respectively. The amino acid composition of fillets was similar among all treatments with a few slight significant differences. Results from the present study indicate that tank‐grown sunshine bass can be fed a diet containing 264 g kg−1 TM with 0 g kg−1 FM, compared to diets containing up to 300 g kg−1 FM, without adverse effects on weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion and body composition. Further research should be conducted using lower‐protein diets to determine minimum protein level for tank‐grown sunshine bass.</p>
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<coverDate startDate="2006-02">February 2006</coverDate>
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<publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="8" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2095.2006.00387.x</doi>
<idGroup><id type="unit" value="ANU387"></id>
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<countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="11"></count>
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<titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original articles</title>
</titleGroup>
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<numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="71">71</numbering>
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<correspondenceTo><i>Carl D. Webster, Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky, 40601, USA. E‐mail: </i>
<email>cwebster@dcr.net</email>
</correspondenceTo>
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<contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 1 August 2005, accepted 15 November 2005</unparsedEditorialHistory>
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<titleGroup><title type="main">Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (<i>Morone chrysops</i>
× <i>Morone saxatilis</i>
) grown in tanks</title>
<title type="shortAuthors">L. A. Muzinic <i>et al.</i>
</title>
<title type="short">Fish meal replacement in sunshine bass diets</title>
</titleGroup>
<creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>L.A.</givenNames>
<familyName>MUZINIC</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>K.R.</givenNames>
<familyName>THOMPSON</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>L.S.</givenNames>
<familyName>METTS</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>S.</givenNames>
<familyName>DASGUPTA</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>C.D.</givenNames>
<familyName>WEBSTER</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
</creators>
<affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="aff-1-1" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfurt, Kentucky, USA</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
</affiliationGroup>
<keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">fish meal replacement</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k2"><i>Morone chrysops</i>
× <i>Morone saxatilis</i>
</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k3">soybean meal</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k4">sunshine bass</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k5">turkey meal</keyword>
</keywordGroup>
<abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title>
<p>Economical, nutritious diets for hybrid striped bass (HSTB) are required for the continued expansion and sustainability of this industry. Turkey meal (TM) is a by‐product of the US turkey industry and is a potentially‐valuable local, alternative protein source for use in aquaculture diets because of its excellent nutritional composition and quality. TM may substitute for more expensive fish meal (FM)‐based diets; however, there are no published data with regard to using this ingredient in sunshine bass diets. Therefore, a 16‐week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile (36 g) sunshine bass (<i>Morone chrysops</i>
× <i>Morone saxatilis</i>
) to evaluate growth, feed conversion and body composition when fed diets with decreasing levels of FM (300, 200, 100 and 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
) and increasing levels of turkey meal (0, 97, 175 and 264 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
). Four practical diets were formulated to contain 400 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
protein and similar energy levels. Twenty fish were stocked into each of the 12, 1200‐L circular tanks and were fed twice daily <i>ad libitum</i>
. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, there were no significant (<i>P</i>
> 0.05) differences in final mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio among treatments, which averaged 363.7 g, 904.3%, 2.02% day<sup>−1</sup>
and 1.73, respectively. Percentage survival of fish fed diet 4 (0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
FM and 264 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
TM) was significantly (<i>P</i>
> 0.05) lower (survival = 88.3%) than fish fed diet 3 (100 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
FM and 175 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
TM; survival = 95%), but not different from fish fed diet 1 (survival = 92.5%) and fish fed diet 2 (survival = 93.3%). Fillet weight and amount of abdominal fat were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 258 and 58 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
, respectively. Fish fed diet 1 (300 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
FM, 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
TM) and diet 2 (200 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
FM and 970 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
TM) had a significantly (<i>P</i>
< 0.05) lower hepatosomatic index (2.83 and 3.01, respectively) than fish fed diet 4 (3.33), but not different (<i>P</i>
> 0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3 (3.14). Lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 2 (197 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
) was significantly (<i>P</i>
< 0.05) higher than fish fed all other diets; and the percentage lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 1 (126 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
) was significantly lower than fish fed diets 2 and 4, but not different (<i>P</i>
>0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3. Fillet moisture, protein and ash were similar among fish fed all diets and averaged 748, 798 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
and 51.0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
(dry‐matter basis), respectively. The amino acid composition of fillets was similar among all treatments with a few slight significant differences. Results from the present study indicate that tank‐grown sunshine bass can be fed a diet containing 264 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
TM with 0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
FM, compared to diets containing up to 300 g kg<sup>−1</sup>
FM, without adverse effects on weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion and body composition. Further research should be conducted using lower‐protein diets to determine minimum protein level for tank‐grown sunshine bass.</p>
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<mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks</title>
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<titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Fish meal replacement in sunshine bass diets</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks</title>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">MUZINIC</namePart>
<affiliation>Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfurt, Kentucky, USA</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.R.</namePart>
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<affiliation>Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfurt, Kentucky, USA</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">METTS</namePart>
<affiliation>Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfurt, Kentucky, USA</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">DASGUPTA</namePart>
<affiliation>Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfurt, Kentucky, USA</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">WEBSTER</namePart>
<affiliation>Aquaculture Research Center, Kentucky State University, Frankfurt, Kentucky, USA</affiliation>
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<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2006-02</dateIssued>
<edition>Received 1 August 2005, accepted 15 November 2005</edition>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2006</copyrightDate>
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<abstract lang="en">Economical, nutritious diets for hybrid striped bass (HSTB) are required for the continued expansion and sustainability of this industry. Turkey meal (TM) is a by‐product of the US turkey industry and is a potentially‐valuable local, alternative protein source for use in aquaculture diets because of its excellent nutritional composition and quality. TM may substitute for more expensive fish meal (FM)‐based diets; however, there are no published data with regard to using this ingredient in sunshine bass diets. Therefore, a 16‐week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile (36 g) sunshine bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) to evaluate growth, feed conversion and body composition when fed diets with decreasing levels of FM (300, 200, 100 and 0 g kg−1) and increasing levels of turkey meal (0, 97, 175 and 264 g kg−1). Four practical diets were formulated to contain 400 g kg−1 protein and similar energy levels. Twenty fish were stocked into each of the 12, 1200‐L circular tanks and were fed twice daily ad libitum. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in final mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio among treatments, which averaged 363.7 g, 904.3%, 2.02% day−1 and 1.73, respectively. Percentage survival of fish fed diet 4 (0 g kg−1 FM and 264 g kg−1 TM) was significantly (P > 0.05) lower (survival = 88.3%) than fish fed diet 3 (100 g kg−1 FM and 175 g kg−1 TM; survival = 95%), but not different from fish fed diet 1 (survival = 92.5%) and fish fed diet 2 (survival = 93.3%). Fillet weight and amount of abdominal fat were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 258 and 58 g kg−1, respectively. Fish fed diet 1 (300 g kg−1 FM, 0 g kg−1 TM) and diet 2 (200 g kg−1 FM and 970 g kg−1 TM) had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower hepatosomatic index (2.83 and 3.01, respectively) than fish fed diet 4 (3.33), but not different (P > 0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3 (3.14). Lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 2 (197 g kg−1) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than fish fed all other diets; and the percentage lipid in the fillet of fish fed diet 1 (126 g kg−1) was significantly lower than fish fed diets 2 and 4, but not different (P >0.05) compared to fish fed diet 3. Fillet moisture, protein and ash were similar among fish fed all diets and averaged 748, 798 g kg−1 and 51.0 g kg−1 (dry‐matter basis), respectively. The amino acid composition of fillets was similar among all treatments with a few slight significant differences. Results from the present study indicate that tank‐grown sunshine bass can be fed a diet containing 264 g kg−1 TM with 0 g kg−1 FM, compared to diets containing up to 300 g kg−1 FM, without adverse effects on weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion and body composition. Further research should be conducted using lower‐protein diets to determine minimum protein level for tank‐grown sunshine bass.</abstract>
<subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>fish meal replacement</topic>
<topic>Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis</topic>
<topic>soybean meal</topic>
<topic>sunshine bass</topic>
<topic>turkey meal</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Aquaculture Nutrition</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal">journal</genre>
<identifier type="ISSN">1353-5773</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1365-2095</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2095</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">ANU</identifier>
<part><date>2006</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>12</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
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<end>81</end>
<total>11</total>
</extent>
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