Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish
Identifieur interne : 001377 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001376; suivant : 001378Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish
Auteurs : George Francis ; Harinder P. S Makkar ; Klaus BeckerSource :
- Aquaculture [ 0044-8486 ] ; 2001.
Abstract
The use of plant-derived materials such as legume seeds, different types of oilseed cake, leaf meals, leaf protein concentrates, and root tuber meals as fish feed ingredients is limited by the presence of a wide variety of antinutritional substances. Important among these are protease inhibitors, phytates, glucosinolates, saponins tannins, lectins, oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, alkaloids, antigenic compounds, gossypols, cyanogens, mimosine, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, canavanine, antivitamins, and phorbol esters. The effects of these substances on finfish are reviewed. Evidently, little unanimity exists between the results of different studies as to the specific effects of antinutrients, since most studies have been conducted using an ingredient rich in one particular factor and the observed effects have been attributed to this factor without considering other antinutrients present in the ingredient, or interactions between them. Tentatively, protease inhibitors, phytates, antigenic compounds, and alkaloids, at levels usually present in fish diets containing commercially available plant-derived protein sources, are unlikely to affect fish growth performance. In contrast, glucosinolates, saponins, tannins, soluble non-starch polysaccharides, gossypol, and phorbol esters, are more important from a practical point of view. The effectiveness of common processing techniques such as dry and wet heating, solvent extraction and enzyme treatment in removing the deleterious effects of antinutrients from feed materials is discussed. More insights into the nutritional, physiological and ecological effects of antinutrients on fish need to be accumulated through studies using purified individual antinutrients and their mixtures in proportions similar to those in alternative nutritional sources in fish feeds. Such studies would provide data useful for designing optimum inclusion levels of plant-derived materials and treatment methods that would neutralise the negative effects of the antinutritional factors.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9
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Box 100, Wagramerstr. 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, Klaus" sort="Becker, Klaus" uniqKey="Becker K" first="Klaus" last="Becker">Klaus Becker</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: kbecker@uni-hohenheim.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829</idno><date when="2001" year="2001">2001</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001377</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001377</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</title><author><name sortKey="Francis, George" sort="Francis, George" uniqKey="Francis G" first="George" last="Francis">George Francis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makkar, Harinder P S" sort="Makkar, Harinder P S" uniqKey="Makkar H" first="Harinder P. 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Important among these are protease inhibitors, phytates, glucosinolates, saponins tannins, lectins, oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, alkaloids, antigenic compounds, gossypols, cyanogens, mimosine, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, canavanine, antivitamins, and phorbol esters. The effects of these substances on finfish are reviewed. Evidently, little unanimity exists between the results of different studies as to the specific effects of antinutrients, since most studies have been conducted using an ingredient rich in one particular factor and the observed effects have been attributed to this factor without considering other antinutrients present in the ingredient, or interactions between them. Tentatively, protease inhibitors, phytates, antigenic compounds, and alkaloids, at levels usually present in fish diets containing commercially available plant-derived protein sources, are unlikely to affect fish growth performance. In contrast, glucosinolates, saponins, tannins, soluble non-starch polysaccharides, gossypol, and phorbol esters, are more important from a practical point of view. The effectiveness of common processing techniques such as dry and wet heating, solvent extraction and enzyme treatment in removing the deleterious effects of antinutrients from feed materials is discussed. More insights into the nutritional, physiological and ecological effects of antinutrients on fish need to be accumulated through studies using purified individual antinutrients and their mixtures in proportions similar to those in alternative nutritional sources in fish feeds. Such studies would provide data useful for designing optimum inclusion levels of plant-derived materials and treatment methods that would neutralise the negative effects of the antinutritional factors.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>George Francis</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Harinder P.S Makkar</name><affiliations><json:string>Animal Production and Health Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramerstr. 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Klaus Becker</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: kbecker@uni-hohenheim.de</json:string><json:string>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Aquaculture</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Plant-derived nutritional sources</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Antinutrients</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Review article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The use of plant-derived materials such as legume seeds, different types of oilseed cake, leaf meals, leaf protein concentrates, and root tuber meals as fish feed ingredients is limited by the presence of a wide variety of antinutritional substances. Important among these are protease inhibitors, phytates, glucosinolates, saponins tannins, lectins, oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, alkaloids, antigenic compounds, gossypols, cyanogens, mimosine, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, canavanine, antivitamins, and phorbol esters. The effects of these substances on finfish are reviewed. Evidently, little unanimity exists between the results of different studies as to the specific effects of antinutrients, since most studies have been conducted using an ingredient rich in one particular factor and the observed effects have been attributed to this factor without considering other antinutrients present in the ingredient, or interactions between them. Tentatively, protease inhibitors, phytates, antigenic compounds, and alkaloids, at levels usually present in fish diets containing commercially available plant-derived protein sources, are unlikely to affect fish growth performance. In contrast, glucosinolates, saponins, tannins, soluble non-starch polysaccharides, gossypol, and phorbol esters, are more important from a practical point of view. The effectiveness of common processing techniques such as dry and wet heating, solvent extraction and enzyme treatment in removing the deleterious effects of antinutrients from feed materials is discussed. More insights into the nutritional, physiological and ecological effects of antinutrients on fish need to be accumulated through studies using purified individual antinutrients and their mixtures in proportions similar to those in alternative nutritional sources in fish feeds. Such studies would provide data useful for designing optimum inclusion levels of plant-derived materials and treatment methods that would neutralise the negative effects of the antinutritional factors.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>435 x 643 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>3</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2062</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>13295</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>83929</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>31</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>274</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</title><pii><json:string>S0044-8486(01)00526-9</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>review-article</json:string></genre><serie><editor><json:item><name>A. Tacon</name></json:item><json:item><name>B. Basurco</name></json:item></editor><pages><last>182</last><first>153</first></pages><conference><json:item><name>Feeding Tomorrow's Fish - Proceedings of the Workshop of the CIHEAM Network on Technology of Aquaculture in the Mediterranean (TECAM), Jointly Organised by CIHEAM, FAO and IEO, 24–26 June 1996, Mazarron, Spain</name></json:item></conference><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Feeding Tomorrow's Fish</title></serie><host><volume>199</volume><pii><json:string>S0044-8486(00)X0134-2</json:string></pii><pages><last>227</last><first>197</first></pages><issn><json:string>0044-8486</json:string></issn><issue>3–4</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Aquaculture</title><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>marine & freshwater biology</json:string><json:string>fisheries</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>agriculture, fisheries & forestry</json:string><json:string>fisheries</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9</json:string></doi><id>755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829</id><score>0.0344261</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Section title: Review article</note><note type="content">Table 1: Important antinutrients present in some commonly used alternative fish feed ingredients</note><note type="content">Table 2: An overview of the results of selected studies where plant-derived ingredients were used to replace fishmeal in fish diets</note><note type="content">Table 3: Effects of purified antinutritional chemicals occuring in plant material on fish</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">George</forename><surname>Francis</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Harinder P.S</forename><surname>Makkar</surname></persName><affiliation>Animal Production and Health Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramerstr. 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Klaus</forename><surname>Becker</surname></persName><email>kbecker@uni-hohenheim.de</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-711-4593158; fax: +49-711-4593702</p></note><affiliation>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Aquaculture</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">AQUA</title><idno type="pISSN">0044-8486</idno><idno type="PII">S0044-8486(00)X0134-2</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">199</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3–4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="197">197</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="227">227</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9</idno><idno type="PII">S0044-8486(01)00526-9</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of plant-derived materials such as legume seeds, different types of oilseed cake, leaf meals, leaf protein concentrates, and root tuber meals as fish feed ingredients is limited by the presence of a wide variety of antinutritional substances. Important among these are protease inhibitors, phytates, glucosinolates, saponins tannins, lectins, oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, alkaloids, antigenic compounds, gossypols, cyanogens, mimosine, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, canavanine, antivitamins, and phorbol esters. The effects of these substances on finfish are reviewed. Evidently, little unanimity exists between the results of different studies as to the specific effects of antinutrients, since most studies have been conducted using an ingredient rich in one particular factor and the observed effects have been attributed to this factor without considering other antinutrients present in the ingredient, or interactions between them. Tentatively, protease inhibitors, phytates, antigenic compounds, and alkaloids, at levels usually present in fish diets containing commercially available plant-derived protein sources, are unlikely to affect fish growth performance. In contrast, glucosinolates, saponins, tannins, soluble non-starch polysaccharides, gossypol, and phorbol esters, are more important from a practical point of view. The effectiveness of common processing techniques such as dry and wet heating, solvent extraction and enzyme treatment in removing the deleterious effects of antinutrients from feed materials is discussed. More insights into the nutritional, physiological and ecological effects of antinutrients on fish need to be accumulated through studies using purified individual antinutrients and their mixtures in proportions similar to those in alternative nutritional sources in fish feeds. Such studies would provide data useful for designing optimum inclusion levels of plant-derived materials and treatment methods that would neutralise the negative effects of the antinutritional factors.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Aquaculture</term></item><item><term>Plant-derived nutritional sources</term></item><item><term>Antinutrients</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="rev"><item-info><jid>AQUA</jid><aid>61531</aid><ce:pii>S0044-8486(01)00526-9</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Review article</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>George</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Francis</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Harinder P.S</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Makkar</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Klaus</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Becker</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>kbecker@uni-hohenheim.de</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Animal Production and Health Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramerstr. 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-711-4593158; fax: +49-711-4593702</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The use of plant-derived materials such as legume seeds, different types of oilseed cake, leaf meals, leaf protein concentrates, and root tuber meals as fish feed ingredients is limited by the presence of a wide variety of antinutritional substances. Important among these are protease inhibitors, phytates, glucosinolates, saponins tannins, lectins, oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, alkaloids, antigenic compounds, gossypols, cyanogens, mimosine, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, canavanine, antivitamins, and phorbol esters. The effects of these substances on finfish are reviewed. Evidently, little unanimity exists between the results of different studies as to the specific effects of antinutrients, since most studies have been conducted using an ingredient rich in one particular factor and the observed effects have been attributed to this factor without considering other antinutrients present in the ingredient, or interactions between them. Tentatively, protease inhibitors, phytates, antigenic compounds, and alkaloids, at levels usually present in fish diets containing commercially available plant-derived protein sources, are unlikely to affect fish growth performance. In contrast, glucosinolates, saponins, tannins, soluble non-starch polysaccharides, gossypol, and phorbol esters, are more important from a practical point of view. The effectiveness of common processing techniques such as dry and wet heating, solvent extraction and enzyme treatment in removing the deleterious effects of antinutrients from feed materials is discussed. More insights into the nutritional, physiological and ecological effects of antinutrients on fish need to be accumulated through studies using purified individual antinutrients and their mixtures in proportions similar to those in alternative nutritional sources in fish feeds. Such studies would provide data useful for designing optimum inclusion levels of plant-derived materials and treatment methods that would neutralise the negative effects of the antinutritional factors.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Aquaculture</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Plant-derived nutritional sources</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Antinutrients</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">George</namePart><namePart type="family">Francis</namePart><affiliation>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Harinder P.S</namePart><namePart type="family">Makkar</namePart><affiliation>Animal Production and Health Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramerstr. 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Klaus</namePart><namePart type="family">Becker</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: kbecker@uni-hohenheim.de</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Animal Nutrition and Aquaculture, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-711-4593158; fax: +49-711-4593702</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="review-article" displayLabel="Review article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The use of plant-derived materials such as legume seeds, different types of oilseed cake, leaf meals, leaf protein concentrates, and root tuber meals as fish feed ingredients is limited by the presence of a wide variety of antinutritional substances. Important among these are protease inhibitors, phytates, glucosinolates, saponins tannins, lectins, oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, alkaloids, antigenic compounds, gossypols, cyanogens, mimosine, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, canavanine, antivitamins, and phorbol esters. The effects of these substances on finfish are reviewed. Evidently, little unanimity exists between the results of different studies as to the specific effects of antinutrients, since most studies have been conducted using an ingredient rich in one particular factor and the observed effects have been attributed to this factor without considering other antinutrients present in the ingredient, or interactions between them. Tentatively, protease inhibitors, phytates, antigenic compounds, and alkaloids, at levels usually present in fish diets containing commercially available plant-derived protein sources, are unlikely to affect fish growth performance. In contrast, glucosinolates, saponins, tannins, soluble non-starch polysaccharides, gossypol, and phorbol esters, are more important from a practical point of view. The effectiveness of common processing techniques such as dry and wet heating, solvent extraction and enzyme treatment in removing the deleterious effects of antinutrients from feed materials is discussed. More insights into the nutritional, physiological and ecological effects of antinutrients on fish need to be accumulated through studies using purified individual antinutrients and their mixtures in proportions similar to those in alternative nutritional sources in fish feeds. Such studies would provide data useful for designing optimum inclusion levels of plant-derived materials and treatment methods that would neutralise the negative effects of the antinutritional factors.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Review article</note><note type="content">Table 1: Important antinutrients present in some commonly used alternative fish feed ingredients</note><note type="content">Table 2: An overview of the results of selected studies where plant-derived ingredients were used to replace fishmeal in fish diets</note><note type="content">Table 3: Effects of purified antinutritional chemicals occuring in plant material on fish</note><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Aquaculture</topic><topic>Plant-derived nutritional sources</topic><topic>Antinutrients</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Aquaculture</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>AQUA</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20010801</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0044-8486</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0044-8486(00)X0134-2</identifier><part><date>20010801</date><detail type="volume"><number>199</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>3–4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>197</start><end>380</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>197</start><end>227</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">755FE12F5975503A589F6E5967BB5FF287799829</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0044-8486(01)00526-9</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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