Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins
Identifieur interne : 001019 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001018; suivant : 001020Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins
Auteurs : K. K. Lie ; A. Hansen ; O. T. Eroldogan ; P. A. Olsvik ; G. Rosenlund ; G. HemreSource :
- Aquaculture Nutrition [ 1353-5773 ] ; 2011-02.
English descriptors
Abstract
Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00704.x
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</div>
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<correspondenceTo><i>G.‐I. Hemre, NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, PO Box 2029, 5817 Bergen, Norway. E‐mail: </i>
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<title type="short">Gene expression in Atlantic cod following vegetable diet</title>
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<supportingInformation><p><b>Table S1.</b>
BlastX gene annotations and accession numbers for amplified cDNA clones printed on the CodStress array.</p>
<p><b>Table S2.</b>
Genes belonging to the significantly enriched GO clusters derived from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.</p>
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<abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title>
<p>Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</p>
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<mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Gene expression in Atlantic cod following vegetable diet</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">LIE</namePart>
<affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation>
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</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.‐C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">HANSEN</namePart>
<affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">O.T.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">EROLDOGAN</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">OLSVIK</namePart>
<affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">ROSENLUND</namePart>
<affiliation>Skretting ARC, Stavanger, Norway</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.‐I.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">HEMRE</namePart>
<affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation>
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<originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher>
<place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm>
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<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-02</dateIssued>
<edition>Received 2 April 2009, accepted 1 July 2009</edition>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate>
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<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
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<abstract lang="en">Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</abstract>
<subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>Atlantic cod</topic>
<topic>genes related to protein metabolism</topic>
<topic>plant proteins</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Aquaculture Nutrition</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal">journal</genre>
<note type="content"> Table S1. BlastX gene annotations and accession numbers for amplified cDNA clones printed on the CodStress array. Table S2. Genes belonging to the significantly enriched GO clusters derived from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Table S1. BlastX gene annotations and accession numbers for amplified cDNA clones printed on the CodStress array. Table S2. Genes belonging to the significantly enriched GO clusters derived from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - Supporting info item - </note>
<identifier type="ISSN">1353-5773</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1365-2095</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2095</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">ANU</identifier>
<part><date>2011</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>17</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>33</start>
<end>43</end>
<total>11</total>
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<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00704.x</identifier>
<identifier type="ArticleID">ANU704</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. No claim to original US government works</accessCondition>
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