Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins
Identifieur interne : 001019 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001018; suivant : 001020Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins
Auteurs : K. K. Lie ; A. Hansen ; O. T. Eroldogan ; P. A. Olsvik ; G. Rosenlund ; G. HemreSource :
- Aquaculture Nutrition [ 1353-5773 ] ; 2011-02.
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Abstract
Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00704.x
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Eroldogan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsvik, P A" sort="Olsvik, P A" uniqKey="Olsvik P" first="P. A." last="Olsvik">P. A. Olsvik</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenlund, G" sort="Rosenlund, G" uniqKey="Rosenlund G" first="G." last="Rosenlund">G. Rosenlund</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Skretting ARC, Stavanger, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hemre, G" sort="Hemre, G" uniqKey="Hemre G" first="G." last="Hemre">G. Hemre</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:2C4EA6C98D200B72B14DCF84C254C94B790764F6</idno><date when="2011" year="2011">2011</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00704.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/2C4EA6C98D200B72B14DCF84C254C94B790764F6/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001019</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001019</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins</title><author><name sortKey="Lie, K K" sort="Lie, K K" uniqKey="Lie K" first="K. K." last="Lie">K. K. Lie</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, A" sort="Hansen, A" uniqKey="Hansen A" first="A." last="Hansen">A. Hansen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eroldogan, O T" sort="Eroldogan, O T" uniqKey="Eroldogan O" first="O. T." last="Eroldogan">O. T. Eroldogan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsvik, P A" sort="Olsvik, P A" uniqKey="Olsvik P" first="P. A." last="Olsvik">P. A. Olsvik</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenlund, G" sort="Rosenlund, G" uniqKey="Rosenlund G" first="G." last="Rosenlund">G. Rosenlund</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Skretting ARC, Stavanger, Norway</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hemre, G" sort="Hemre, G" uniqKey="Hemre G" first="G." last="Hemre">G. 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Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>K.K. LIE</name><affiliations><json:string>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A.‐C. HANSEN</name><affiliations><json:string>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>O.T. 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To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. 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Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Atlantic cod</term></item><item><term>genes related to protein metabolism</term></item><item><term>plant proteins</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2011-02">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/2C4EA6C98D200B72B14DCF84C254C94B790764F6/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2095</doi><issn type="print">1353-5773</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-2095</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="ANU"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="AQUACULTURE NUTRITION">Aquaculture Nutrition</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="02101"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/anu.2010.17.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="17">17</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-02">February 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="5" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00704.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="ANU704"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="11"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original articles</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. No claim to original US government works</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2010-03-12"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAcceptedOrEarlyUnpaginated" date="2010-03-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.4.2 mode:FullText" date="2011-01-05"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-01-04"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-04"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="33">33</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="43">43</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><i>G.‐I. Hemre, NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, PO Box 2029, 5817 Bergen, Norway. E‐mail: </i><email>ghe@nifes</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:ANU.ANU704.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 2 April 2009, accepted 1 July 2009</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="3"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="4"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i> L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins</title><title type="shortAuthors">K. K. Lie <i>et al.</i></title><title type="short">Gene expression in Atlantic cod following vegetable diet</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>K.K.</givenNames><familyName>LIE</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>A.‐C.</givenNames><familyName>HANSEN</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>O.T.</givenNames><familyName>EROLDOGAN</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>P.A.</givenNames><familyName>OLSVIK</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>G.</givenNames><familyName>ROSENLUND</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>G.‐I.</givenNames><familyName>HEMRE</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="NO"><unparsedAffiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="TR"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="NO"><unparsedAffiliation>Skretting ARC, Stavanger, Norway</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Atlantic cod</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">genes related to protein metabolism</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">plant proteins</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p><b>Table S1.</b> BlastX gene annotations and accession numbers for amplified cDNA clones printed on the CodStress array.</p><p><b>Table S2.</b> Genes belonging to the significantly enriched GO clusters derived from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.</p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:13535773:media:anu704:ANU_704_sm_tables1list-1"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:13535773:media:anu704:ANU_704_sm_tableS2list-2"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Gene expression in Atlantic cod following vegetable diet</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Expression of genes regulating protein metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) was altered when including high diet levels of plant proteins</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.K.</namePart><namePart type="family">LIE</namePart><affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.‐C.</namePart><namePart type="family">HANSEN</namePart><affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">O.T.</namePart><namePart type="family">EROLDOGAN</namePart><affiliation>Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">OLSVIK</namePart><affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">ROSENLUND</namePart><affiliation>Skretting ARC, Stavanger, Norway</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.‐I.</namePart><namePart type="family">HEMRE</namePart><affiliation>NIFES, National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-02</dateIssued><edition>Received 2 April 2009, accepted 1 July 2009</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">3</extent><extent unit="tables">4</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Atlantic cod were fed five different diets consisting of a plant protein mixture replacing fishmeal in a regression design up to total replacement. Growth was high and maintained equal up to 75% plant protein inclusion, while a total plant protein diet resulted in significantly reduced appetite, feed conversion, and growth. To reveal if the transcription of stress responsive genes or any metabolic pathways were affected by plant proteins, a microarray consisting of 744 EST library‐clones from cod was used on liver samples after the fish doubled its weight. Liver mRNA‐expression of insulin‐like growth factor II (IGF‐II), insulin‐like growth factor receptors I and II (IGF‐IR, IGF‐IIR), genes coding for proteolytic enzymes; cathepsinD (CatD), cathepsinF (CatF), calpain 2, and seven proteins involved in protein‐biosynthesis and energy‐turnover, were studied by means of quantitative real‐time PCR. Transcriptional levels of IGF‐IIR and CatD were reduced in the plant fed fish. With few exceptions, dietary inclusion of plant protein did not affect the expression of genes related to cellular stress, protein‐biosynthesis or energy turnover when the fish was fed up to 75% plant protein inclusion. The data on down‐regulation of the IGF receptors and CatD coincided with the reduced growth in the high plant inclusions, indicating that IGF and CatD responses were closely related to protein turnover.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Atlantic cod</topic><topic>genes related to protein metabolism</topic><topic>plant proteins</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Aquaculture Nutrition</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><note type="content"> Table S1. BlastX gene annotations and accession numbers for amplified cDNA clones printed on the CodStress array. Table S2. Genes belonging to the significantly enriched GO clusters derived from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Table S1. BlastX gene annotations and accession numbers for amplified cDNA clones printed on the CodStress array. Table S2. Genes belonging to the significantly enriched GO clusters derived from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - Supporting info item - </note><identifier type="ISSN">1353-5773</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-2095</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2095</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">ANU</identifier><part><date>2011</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>17</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>33</start><end>43</end><total>11</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">2C4EA6C98D200B72B14DCF84C254C94B790764F6</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00704.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">ANU704</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 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