Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad ( Bufo bufo ) brain
Identifieur interne : 000C90 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000C89; suivant : 000C91Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad ( Bufo bufo ) brain
Auteurs : M. Fiorentino ; C. Pinelli ; B. D'Aniello ; L. Iela ; M. Di Meglio ; R. K RastogiSource :
- Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy [ 0891-0618 ] ; 2001.
English descriptors
Abstract
By using immunohistochemistry, we studied the development and distribution of the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive (ir) neuronal system in the toad brain during the ontogeny. In addition to this, experimental evidence was provided to show that the rostral forebrain-located FMRFamide neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the brain along the olfactory pathway. During early development, within the brain, FMRFamide-ir perikarya first appeared in the periventricular hypothalamus. Later in development, FMRFamide-ir cells were visualized in the rostralmost forebrain simultaneously with similar ir cells in the developing olfactory mucosa. Selective ablation of the olfactory placode(s), prior to the appearance of the first FMRFamide-ir cells in the brain, resulted in the total absence of ir cells in the telencephalon (medial septum and mediobasal telencephalon) of the operated sides(s). The preoptic-suprachiasmatic-infundibular hypothalamus-located FMRFamide-ir neurons were not affected by olfactory placodectomy, arguing that they do not originate in the placode. This result points to the placode as the sole source of such neurons in the rostral forebrain.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0891-0618(01)00110-7
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ISTEX:5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAALe document en format XML
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Fiorentino</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinelli, C" sort="Pinelli, C" uniqKey="Pinelli C" first="C" last="Pinelli">C. Pinelli</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="D Aniello, B" sort="D Aniello, B" uniqKey="D Aniello B" first="B" last="D'Aniello">B. D'Aniello</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iela, L" sort="Iela, L" uniqKey="Iela L" first="L" last="Iela">L. Iela</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Meglio, M" sort="Di Meglio, M" uniqKey="Di Meglio M" first="M" last="Di Meglio">M. Di Meglio</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rastogi, R K" sort="Rastogi, R K" uniqKey="Rastogi R" first="R. K" last="Rastogi">R. K Rastogi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: rastogi@unina.it</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">CHENEU</title><idno type="ISSN">0891-0618</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001">2001</date><biblScope unit="volume">21</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="201">201</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="213">213</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0891-0618</idno></series><idno type="istex">5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0891-0618(01)00110-7</idno><idno type="PII">S0891-0618(01)00110-7</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0891-0618</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amphibia</term><term>Embryonic origin</term><term>Immunohistochemistry</term><term>Neuropeptide</term><term>Ontogeny</term><term>Placodectomy</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">By using immunohistochemistry, we studied the development and distribution of the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive (ir) neuronal system in the toad brain during the ontogeny. In addition to this, experimental evidence was provided to show that the rostral forebrain-located FMRFamide neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the brain along the olfactory pathway. During early development, within the brain, FMRFamide-ir perikarya first appeared in the periventricular hypothalamus. Later in development, FMRFamide-ir cells were visualized in the rostralmost forebrain simultaneously with similar ir cells in the developing olfactory mucosa. Selective ablation of the olfactory placode(s), prior to the appearance of the first FMRFamide-ir cells in the brain, resulted in the total absence of ir cells in the telencephalon (medial septum and mediobasal telencephalon) of the operated sides(s). The preoptic-suprachiasmatic-infundibular hypothalamus-located FMRFamide-ir neurons were not affected by olfactory placodectomy, arguing that they do not originate in the placode. This result points to the placode as the sole source of such neurons in the rostral forebrain.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>M Fiorentino</name><affiliations><json:string>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C Pinelli</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>B D'Aniello</name><affiliations><json:string>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L Iela</name><affiliations><json:string>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M di Meglio</name><affiliations><json:string>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R.K Rastogi</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: rastogi@unina.it</json:string><json:string>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Neuropeptide</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Immunohistochemistry</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Ontogeny</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Placodectomy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Embryonic origin</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Amphibia</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>By using immunohistochemistry, we studied the development and distribution of the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive (ir) neuronal system in the toad brain during the ontogeny. In addition to this, experimental evidence was provided to show that the rostral forebrain-located FMRFamide neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the brain along the olfactory pathway. During early development, within the brain, FMRFamide-ir perikarya first appeared in the periventricular hypothalamus. Later in development, FMRFamide-ir cells were visualized in the rostralmost forebrain simultaneously with similar ir cells in the developing olfactory mucosa. Selective ablation of the olfactory placode(s), prior to the appearance of the first FMRFamide-ir cells in the brain, resulted in the total absence of ir cells in the telencephalon (medial septum and mediobasal telencephalon) of the operated sides(s). The preoptic-suprachiasmatic-infundibular hypothalamus-located FMRFamide-ir neurons were not affected by olfactory placodectomy, arguing that they do not originate in the placode. This result points to the placode as the sole source of such neurons in the rostral forebrain.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.968</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>552 x 768 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>6</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1189</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6631</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>42415</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>164</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad ( Bufo bufo ) brain</title><pii><json:string>S0891-0618(01)00110-7</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><volume>2</volume><editor><json:item><name>R. Nieuwenhuys</name></json:item><json:item><name>H.J. Ten Donkelaar</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Nicholson</name></json:item></editor><pages><last>1314</last><first>1151</first></pages><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates</title></serie><host><volume>21</volume><pii><json:string>S0891-0618(00)X0050-6</json:string></pii><pages><last>213</last><first>201</first></pages><issn><json:string>0891-0618</json:string></issn><issue>3</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy</title><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>neurosciences</json:string><json:string>biochemistry & molecular biology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>neurology & neurosurgery</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0891-0618(01)00110-7</json:string></doi><id>5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA</id><score>0.03584485</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad ( Bufo bufo ) brain</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Schematic line drawings showing the distribution of FMRFamide-ir neurons (dots) and fibers (dashes) in transverse sections of the developing toad brain and nasal area. The number of black dots indicates the relatively low, moderate or high frequency of ir neurons. db – Diagonal band of Broca; gl – glomerular layer; h – habenulae; hyi – infundibular hypothalamus; hyid – dorsal infundibular hypothalamus; hyiv – ventral infundibular hypothalamus; III – third ventricle; infr – infundibular recess; ls – lateral septum; lv – lateral ventricle; ms – medial septum; ob – olfactory bulb; oc – optic chiasma; om – olfactory mucosa; on/vnn/tn – olfactory/vomeronasal/terminal nerve complex; ot – optic tectum; ov – optic ventricle; pc – posterior commissure; pd – dorsal pallium; pl – lateral pallium; pm – medial pallium; poa – anterior preoptic area; por – preoptic recess; scn – suprachiasmatic nucleus; st – striatum; teg – tegmentum; tel – telencephalon; th – thalamus; to – optic tract; vno – vomeronasal organ.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: FMRFamide-ir neurons (arrows) in the (om) olfactory mucosa, (on) olfactory nerve and (ms) medial septum of stage IV4 tadpole in a horizontal section. lv – Lateral ventricle. Dashed line delimits the glomerular portion of the olfactory bulb. Scale bar=100 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Tadpole stage IV9. (A) Transverse section showing an FMRFamide-ir neuron (arrow) in the olfactory mucosa. (B) Transverse section showing ir neurons (arrows) in the olfactory nerve. Olfactory mucosa is on the right. (C) Transverse section showing mediobasally (thin arrows) and laterally (thick arrows) located ir neurons in the olfactory bulbs. (D) Horizontal section showing ir neurons (arrows) close to the brain surface, in the (ms) medial septum and laterally, and in the olfactory bulb delimited by the dashed line. Scale bars: A, B and C=50 μm; D=100 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Tadpole stage IV11. (A–B) Horizontal sections of the same brain, showing ir neurons close to the brain surface in the medial septum and continuing caudally into the rostralmost preoptic area. (C) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the magnocellular preoptic nucleus within the multilayered periventricular cell column. (D) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Note a CSF-contacting neuron (thin arrow) and some ir neurons amidst non-labeled cells of the ependyma (thick arrows). For abbreviations see Fig. 1. Scale bars: A, B, C, and D=50 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Tadpole stage IV16. (A) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the (ms) medial septum and the (db) diagonal band of Broca. (B) Transverse section at the level of caudalmost medial septum showing continuum of ir neurons into the rostral anterior preoptic area. Tadpole stage IV17. (C) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (periependymal lining of the ventricle). Note a fusiform ir neuron in the optic chiasma (arrow). (D) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the dorsolateral periventricular cell column of the ventral hypothalamus. Ventral to the right. Scale bars: A, C and D=50 μm; B=100 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Schematic line drawings showing the distribution of FMRFamide-ir neurons (dots) in horizontal sections of (A) bilaterally placodectomized, (B) unilaterally placodectomized, and (C) sham-control during the metamorphic climax (stage IV16). Apoa – anterior preoptic area; opn – optic nerve; ppn – posterior preoptic nucleus; for other legends see Fig. 1.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Unilaterally placodectomized stage IV9 tadpole in a horizontal section. On the right the olfactory–vomeronasal–terminal nerve complex connects the olfactory mucosa (top right corner) to the olfactory bulbs (glomerular layer delineated by a dashed line). FMRFamide-ir neurons are seen in the olfactory nerve (boxed neuron also shown in the insert at a higher magnification), medial septum and rostral preoptic area (bottom). Scale bar=100 μm.</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad ( Bufo bufo ) brain</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">M</forename><surname>Fiorentino</surname></persName><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">C</forename><surname>Pinelli</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">B</forename><surname>D'Aniello</surname></persName><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">L</forename><surname>Iela</surname></persName><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">M</forename><surname>di Meglio</surname></persName><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">R.K</forename><surname>Rastogi</surname></persName><email>rastogi@unina.it</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-081-2535136; fax: +39-081-2535111</p></note><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">CHENEU</title><idno type="pISSN">0891-0618</idno><idno type="PII">S0891-0618(00)X0050-6</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">21</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="201">201</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="213">213</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0891-0618(01)00110-7</idno><idno type="PII">S0891-0618(01)00110-7</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>By using immunohistochemistry, we studied the development and distribution of the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive (ir) neuronal system in the toad brain during the ontogeny. In addition to this, experimental evidence was provided to show that the rostral forebrain-located FMRFamide neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the brain along the olfactory pathway. During early development, within the brain, FMRFamide-ir perikarya first appeared in the periventricular hypothalamus. Later in development, FMRFamide-ir cells were visualized in the rostralmost forebrain simultaneously with similar ir cells in the developing olfactory mucosa. Selective ablation of the olfactory placode(s), prior to the appearance of the first FMRFamide-ir cells in the brain, resulted in the total absence of ir cells in the telencephalon (medial septum and mediobasal telencephalon) of the operated sides(s). The preoptic-suprachiasmatic-infundibular hypothalamus-located FMRFamide-ir neurons were not affected by olfactory placodectomy, arguing that they do not originate in the placode. This result points to the placode as the sole source of such neurons in the rostral forebrain.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Neuropeptide</term></item><item><term>Immunohistochemistry</term></item><item><term>Ontogeny</term></item><item><term>Placodectomy</term></item><item><term>Embryonic origin</term></item><item><term>Amphibia</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001-03-05">Modified</change><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>CHENEU</jid><aid>490</aid><ce:pii>S0891-0618(01)00110-7</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0891-0618(01)00110-7</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad (<ce:italic>Bufo bufo</ce:italic>) brain</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>M</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fiorentino</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>C</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Pinelli</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>B</ce:given-name><ce:surname>D'Aniello</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>L</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Iela</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M</ce:given-name><ce:surname>di Meglio</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>R.K</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Rastogi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>rastogi@unina.it</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-081-2535136; fax: +39-081-2535111</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="6" month="12" year="2000"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="5" month="3" year="2001"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="5" month="3" year="2001"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>By using immunohistochemistry, we studied the development and distribution of the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive (ir) neuronal system in the toad brain during the ontogeny. In addition to this, experimental evidence was provided to show that the rostral forebrain-located FMRFamide neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the brain along the olfactory pathway. During early development, within the brain, FMRFamide-ir perikarya first appeared in the periventricular hypothalamus. Later in development, FMRFamide-ir cells were visualized in the rostralmost forebrain simultaneously with similar ir cells in the developing olfactory mucosa. Selective ablation of the olfactory placode(s), prior to the appearance of the first FMRFamide-ir cells in the brain, resulted in the total absence of ir cells in the telencephalon (medial septum and mediobasal telencephalon) of the operated sides(s). The preoptic-suprachiasmatic-infundibular hypothalamus-located FMRFamide-ir neurons were not affected by olfactory placodectomy, arguing that they do not originate in the placode. This result points to the placode as the sole source of such neurons in the rostral forebrain.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Neuropeptide</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Immunohistochemistry</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Ontogeny</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Placodectomy</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Embryonic origin</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Amphibia</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad ( Bufo bufo ) brain</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Development and distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the toad (</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M</namePart><namePart type="family">Fiorentino</namePart><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C</namePart><namePart type="family">Pinelli</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B</namePart><namePart type="family">D'Aniello</namePart><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L</namePart><namePart type="family">Iela</namePart><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M</namePart><namePart type="family">di Meglio</namePart><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.K</namePart><namePart type="family">Rastogi</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: rastogi@unina.it</affiliation><affiliation>Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Mezzocannone 8, Napoli 80134, Italy</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-081-2535136; fax: +39-081-2535111</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">2001-03-05</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">By using immunohistochemistry, we studied the development and distribution of the FMRFamide-like immunoreactive (ir) neuronal system in the toad brain during the ontogeny. In addition to this, experimental evidence was provided to show that the rostral forebrain-located FMRFamide neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the brain along the olfactory pathway. During early development, within the brain, FMRFamide-ir perikarya first appeared in the periventricular hypothalamus. Later in development, FMRFamide-ir cells were visualized in the rostralmost forebrain simultaneously with similar ir cells in the developing olfactory mucosa. Selective ablation of the olfactory placode(s), prior to the appearance of the first FMRFamide-ir cells in the brain, resulted in the total absence of ir cells in the telencephalon (medial septum and mediobasal telencephalon) of the operated sides(s). The preoptic-suprachiasmatic-infundibular hypothalamus-located FMRFamide-ir neurons were not affected by olfactory placodectomy, arguing that they do not originate in the placode. This result points to the placode as the sole source of such neurons in the rostral forebrain.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Schematic line drawings showing the distribution of FMRFamide-ir neurons (dots) and fibers (dashes) in transverse sections of the developing toad brain and nasal area. The number of black dots indicates the relatively low, moderate or high frequency of ir neurons. db – Diagonal band of Broca; gl – glomerular layer; h – habenulae; hyi – infundibular hypothalamus; hyid – dorsal infundibular hypothalamus; hyiv – ventral infundibular hypothalamus; III – third ventricle; infr – infundibular recess; ls – lateral septum; lv – lateral ventricle; ms – medial septum; ob – olfactory bulb; oc – optic chiasma; om – olfactory mucosa; on/vnn/tn – olfactory/vomeronasal/terminal nerve complex; ot – optic tectum; ov – optic ventricle; pc – posterior commissure; pd – dorsal pallium; pl – lateral pallium; pm – medial pallium; poa – anterior preoptic area; por – preoptic recess; scn – suprachiasmatic nucleus; st – striatum; teg – tegmentum; tel – telencephalon; th – thalamus; to – optic tract; vno – vomeronasal organ.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: FMRFamide-ir neurons (arrows) in the (om) olfactory mucosa, (on) olfactory nerve and (ms) medial septum of stage IV4 tadpole in a horizontal section. lv – Lateral ventricle. Dashed line delimits the glomerular portion of the olfactory bulb. Scale bar=100 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Tadpole stage IV9. (A) Transverse section showing an FMRFamide-ir neuron (arrow) in the olfactory mucosa. (B) Transverse section showing ir neurons (arrows) in the olfactory nerve. Olfactory mucosa is on the right. (C) Transverse section showing mediobasally (thin arrows) and laterally (thick arrows) located ir neurons in the olfactory bulbs. (D) Horizontal section showing ir neurons (arrows) close to the brain surface, in the (ms) medial septum and laterally, and in the olfactory bulb delimited by the dashed line. Scale bars: A, B and C=50 μm; D=100 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Tadpole stage IV11. (A–B) Horizontal sections of the same brain, showing ir neurons close to the brain surface in the medial septum and continuing caudally into the rostralmost preoptic area. (C) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the magnocellular preoptic nucleus within the multilayered periventricular cell column. (D) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Note a CSF-contacting neuron (thin arrow) and some ir neurons amidst non-labeled cells of the ependyma (thick arrows). For abbreviations see Fig. 1. Scale bars: A, B, C, and D=50 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Tadpole stage IV16. (A) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the (ms) medial septum and the (db) diagonal band of Broca. (B) Transverse section at the level of caudalmost medial septum showing continuum of ir neurons into the rostral anterior preoptic area. Tadpole stage IV17. (C) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (periependymal lining of the ventricle). Note a fusiform ir neuron in the optic chiasma (arrow). (D) Transverse section showing ir neurons in the dorsolateral periventricular cell column of the ventral hypothalamus. Ventral to the right. Scale bars: A, C and D=50 μm; B=100 μm.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Schematic line drawings showing the distribution of FMRFamide-ir neurons (dots) in horizontal sections of (A) bilaterally placodectomized, (B) unilaterally placodectomized, and (C) sham-control during the metamorphic climax (stage IV16). Apoa – anterior preoptic area; opn – optic nerve; ppn – posterior preoptic nucleus; for other legends see Fig. 1.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Unilaterally placodectomized stage IV9 tadpole in a horizontal section. On the right the olfactory–vomeronasal–terminal nerve complex connects the olfactory mucosa (top right corner) to the olfactory bulbs (glomerular layer delineated by a dashed line). FMRFamide-ir neurons are seen in the olfactory nerve (boxed neuron also shown in the insert at a higher magnification), medial septum and rostral preoptic area (bottom). Scale bar=100 μm.</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Neuropeptide</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Ontogeny</topic><topic>Placodectomy</topic><topic>Embryonic origin</topic><topic>Amphibia</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>CHENEU</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200105</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0891-0618</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0891-0618(00)X0050-6</identifier><part><date>200105</date><detail type="volume"><number>21</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>3</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>201</start><end>265</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>201</start><end>213</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">5B458F407F7A78CF26C4D7D1CA193BDB0C54CBAA</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0891-0618(01)00110-7</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0891-0618(01)00110-7</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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