Markov‐type Evolution of Materials into a Polar State
Identifieur interne : 000C60 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000C59; suivant : 000C61Markov‐type Evolution of Materials into a Polar State
Auteurs : Jürg HulligerSource :
- Chemistry – A European Journal [ 0947-6539 ] ; 2002-10-18.
English descriptors
Abstract
Assembling polar building blocks into a solid material by a Markov‐chain process of unidirectional growth principally results in a metastable state that shows effects of macroscopic polarity. Stochastic polarity formation can be described by probabilities for the attachment of building blocks to a surface. Because of the polar symmetry of the building blocks, there is a fundamental difference in the probabilities for attaching them “tip‐first” or “back‐first” to growth sites at a surface. A difference in the corresponding probabilities drives the evolution of a vectorial property through a gain in configurational entropy. Examples from the mechanical, the crystalline and the biological world demonstrate growth‐induced macroscopic polarity. In crystals, growth upon centrosymmetric seeds can produce twinned crystals with a “sectorwise” pyroelectric effect. Polarity formation in connective tissues is explained by a Markov‐chain mechanism, which drives the self‐assembly of collagen fibril segments. An unified stochastic growth model brings up a general concept for the formation of materials with polar properties.
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DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20021018)8:20<4578::AID-CHEM4578>3.0.CO;2-S
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<abstract lang="en">Assembling polar building blocks into a solid material by a Markov‐chain process of unidirectional growth principally results in a metastable state that shows effects of macroscopic polarity. Stochastic polarity formation can be described by probabilities for the attachment of building blocks to a surface. Because of the polar symmetry of the building blocks, there is a fundamental difference in the probabilities for attaching them “tip‐first” or “back‐first” to growth sites at a surface. A difference in the corresponding probabilities drives the evolution of a vectorial property through a gain in configurational entropy. Examples from the mechanical, the crystalline and the biological world demonstrate growth‐induced macroscopic polarity. In crystals, growth upon centrosymmetric seeds can produce twinned crystals with a “sectorwise” pyroelectric effect. Polarity formation in connective tissues is explained by a Markov‐chain mechanism, which drives the self‐assembly of collagen fibril segments. An unified stochastic growth model brings up a general concept for the formation of materials with polar properties.</abstract>
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