Toxicity of tributyltin to willow trees.
Identifieur interne : 001D40 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001D39; suivant : 001D41Toxicity of tributyltin to willow trees.
Auteurs : Stefan Trapp [Danemark] ; Giovannella Ciucani ; Milos SismilichSource :
- Environmental science and pollution research international [ 0944-1344 ] ; 2004.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , toxicity : Environmental Pollutants, Trialkyltin Compounds.
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Nitrates, Nitrogen, Paint, Refuse Disposal, Salix, Ships, Toxicity Tests.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Tributyltin is an organotin compound, used as an antifouling agent in ship paint, with heavy impact on the marine environment. Contaminated dredged harbor sludge is now dumped on land. The toxicity of tributyltin (TBT) to trees has not yet been quantified. Eventually, a vegetation cover on the dumped sludge could be established for the purpose of non-food cash crop production and phytoremediation.
METHODS
The phytotoxicity of tributyltin chloride (TBTCl) and tributyltin hydride (TBTH) was measured at pH 4 and at pH 7 using the willow tree transpiration test. Different pH levels of the nutrient solutions were achieved by adding ammonium salt (low pH) or nitrate (high pH) as nitrogen source.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
At low pH (pH 4), all trees showed symptoms of poor health. Transpiration decreased at concentrations above or equal to 0.1 mg TBTCl/l and 1 mg TBTH/L. The TBT toxicity was more pronounced at pH 7. The trees survived even the highest dose of 10 mg/l TBTCl or TBTH, although their growth and transpiration was strongly reduced.
CONCLUSION
In contrast to other organisms, TBTCl and TBTH were less toxic to higher plants.
RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK
The toxicity of TBT is no hindrance for establishing vegetation on TBT-contaminated sludge. Phytoremediation and cash crop production could be possible with suitable plants.
DOI: 10.1007/BF02979647
PubMed: 15506636
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Trapp, Stefan" sort="Trapp, Stefan" uniqKey="Trapp S" first="Stefan" last="Trapp">Stefan Trapp</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Environment & Resources DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. stt@er.dtu.dk</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Environment & Resources DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Ciucani, Giovannella" sort="Ciucani, Giovannella" uniqKey="Ciucani G" first="Giovannella" last="Ciucani">Giovannella Ciucani</name>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Environmental Pollutants (toxicity)</term>
<term>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration (MeSH)</term>
<term>Nitrates (MeSH)</term>
<term>Nitrogen (MeSH)</term>
<term>Paint (MeSH)</term>
<term>Refuse Disposal (MeSH)</term>
<term>Salix (MeSH)</term>
<term>Ships (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Trialkyltin Compounds (toxicity)</term>
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<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Azote (MeSH)</term>
<term>Concentration en ions d'hydrogène (MeSH)</term>
<term>Navires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Nitrates (MeSH)</term>
<term>Peinture (MeSH)</term>
<term>Polluants environnementaux (toxicité)</term>
<term>Salix (MeSH)</term>
<term>Tests de toxicité (MeSH)</term>
<term>Trialkyl-stannanes (toxicité)</term>
<term>Élimination des déchets (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Trialkyltin Compounds</term>
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<term>Trialkyl-stannanes</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</term>
<term>Nitrates</term>
<term>Nitrogen</term>
<term>Paint</term>
<term>Refuse Disposal</term>
<term>Salix</term>
<term>Ships</term>
<term>Toxicity Tests</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Azote</term>
<term>Concentration en ions d'hydrogène</term>
<term>Navires</term>
<term>Nitrates</term>
<term>Peinture</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b>
</p>
<p>Tributyltin is an organotin compound, used as an antifouling agent in ship paint, with heavy impact on the marine environment. Contaminated dredged harbor sludge is now dumped on land. The toxicity of tributyltin (TBT) to trees has not yet been quantified. Eventually, a vegetation cover on the dumped sludge could be established for the purpose of non-food cash crop production and phytoremediation.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>The phytotoxicity of tributyltin chloride (TBTCl) and tributyltin hydride (TBTH) was measured at pH 4 and at pH 7 using the willow tree transpiration test. Different pH levels of the nutrient solutions were achieved by adding ammonium salt (low pH) or nitrate (high pH) as nitrogen source.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS AND DISCUSSION</b>
</p>
<p>At low pH (pH 4), all trees showed symptoms of poor health. Transpiration decreased at concentrations above or equal to 0.1 mg TBTCl/l and 1 mg TBTH/L. The TBT toxicity was more pronounced at pH 7. The trees survived even the highest dose of 10 mg/l TBTCl or TBTH, although their growth and transpiration was strongly reduced.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>
</p>
<p>In contrast to other organisms, TBTCl and TBTH were less toxic to higher plants.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK</b>
</p>
<p>The toxicity of TBT is no hindrance for establishing vegetation on TBT-contaminated sludge. Phytoremediation and cash crop production could be possible with suitable plants.</p>
</div>
</front>
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