Evaluation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolites in Human Blood in the Absence of Parent Compounds-A Stability Assessment.
Identifieur interne : 000170 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000169; suivant : 000171Evaluation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolites in Human Blood in the Absence of Parent Compounds-A Stability Assessment.
Auteurs : Alex J. Krotulski ; Sandra C. Bishop-Freeman ; Amanda L A. Mohr ; Barry K. LoganSource :
- Journal of analytical toxicology [ 1945-2403 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids represent a chemically diverse class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) responsible for large analytical and interpretative challenges for forensic toxicologists. Between 2016 and 2019, the three most prevalent synthetic cannabinoids in the United States were MMB-FUBINACA (FUB-AMB), 5F-MDMB-PINACA (5F-ADB), and 5F-MDMB-PICA, based on results from seized drug and toxicology testing. In 2018, accurate determination of synthetic cannabinoid positivity was brought into question as it was determined that the metabolites of these drug species were present in the absence of parent compounds in forensically relevant blood samples. During this study, the stability of MMB-FUBINACA, 5F-MDMB-PINACA, and 5F-MDMB-PICA was evaluated, as well as the characterization of breakdown products. A liquid-liquid extraction method was assessed for recovery of basic parent compound and acidic metabolites and deemed fit for use in this study. Analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) using a SCIEX TripleTOF® 5600+. All three synthetic cannabinoids were found to be unstable when stored in blood at either room temperature or refrigerated; all analytes were considerably more stable when stored in the freezer. All three synthetic cannabinoids degraded to their respective butanoic acid metabolites: MMB-FUBINACA 3-methylbutanoic acid, 5F-MDMB-PINACA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid, and 5F-MDMB-PICA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid. All three of these metabolites were studied and determined to be stable in blood at all storage conditions. Considering these results, our laboratory continued testing for synthetic cannabinoid metabolites in blood samples and found 83 positives (21%) for only a synthetic cannabinoid metabolite. A case report is presented herein where 5F-MDMB-PINACA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid was identified in the absence of 5F-MDMB-PINACA. Forensic toxicologists should be aware of the results of this study as they directly impact analytical consideration for test development and implementation, as well as interpretation of findings.
DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa054
PubMed: 32435808
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolites in Human Blood in the Absence of Parent Compounds-A Stability Assessment.</title><author><name sortKey="Krotulski, Alex J" sort="Krotulski, Alex J" uniqKey="Krotulski A" first="Alex J" last="Krotulski">Alex J. Krotulski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bishop Freeman, Sandra C" sort="Bishop Freeman, Sandra C" uniqKey="Bishop Freeman S" first="Sandra C" last="Bishop-Freeman">Sandra C. Bishop-Freeman</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC 27699.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohr, Amanda L A" sort="Mohr, Amanda L A" uniqKey="Mohr A" first="Amanda L A" last="Mohr">Amanda L A. Mohr</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Logan, Barry K" sort="Logan, Barry K" uniqKey="Logan B" first="Barry K" last="Logan">Barry K. Logan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>NMS Labs, 3701 Welsh Rd, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32435808</idno><idno type="pmid">32435808</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/jat/bkaa054</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000170</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000170</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolites in Human Blood in the Absence of Parent Compounds-A Stability Assessment.</title><author><name sortKey="Krotulski, Alex J" sort="Krotulski, Alex J" uniqKey="Krotulski A" first="Alex J" last="Krotulski">Alex J. Krotulski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bishop Freeman, Sandra C" sort="Bishop Freeman, Sandra C" uniqKey="Bishop Freeman S" first="Sandra C" last="Bishop-Freeman">Sandra C. Bishop-Freeman</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC 27699.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohr, Amanda L A" sort="Mohr, Amanda L A" uniqKey="Mohr A" first="Amanda L A" last="Mohr">Amanda L A. Mohr</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Logan, Barry K" sort="Logan, Barry K" uniqKey="Logan B" first="Barry K" last="Logan">Barry K. Logan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>NMS Labs, 3701 Welsh Rd, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of analytical toxicology</title><idno type="eISSN">1945-2403</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Synthetic cannabinoids represent a chemically diverse class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) responsible for large analytical and interpretative challenges for forensic toxicologists. Between 2016 and 2019, the three most prevalent synthetic cannabinoids in the United States were MMB-FUBINACA (FUB-AMB), 5F-MDMB-PINACA (5F-ADB), and 5F-MDMB-PICA, based on results from seized drug and toxicology testing. In 2018, accurate determination of synthetic cannabinoid positivity was brought into question as it was determined that the metabolites of these drug species were present in the absence of parent compounds in forensically relevant blood samples. During this study, the stability of MMB-FUBINACA, 5F-MDMB-PINACA, and 5F-MDMB-PICA was evaluated, as well as the characterization of breakdown products. A liquid-liquid extraction method was assessed for recovery of basic parent compound and acidic metabolites and deemed fit for use in this study. Analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) using a SCIEX TripleTOF® 5600+. All three synthetic cannabinoids were found to be unstable when stored in blood at either room temperature or refrigerated; all analytes were considerably more stable when stored in the freezer. All three synthetic cannabinoids degraded to their respective butanoic acid metabolites: MMB-FUBINACA 3-methylbutanoic acid, 5F-MDMB-PINACA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid, and 5F-MDMB-PICA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid. All three of these metabolites were studied and determined to be stable in blood at all storage conditions. Considering these results, our laboratory continued testing for synthetic cannabinoid metabolites in blood samples and found 83 positives (21%) for only a synthetic cannabinoid metabolite. A case report is presented herein where 5F-MDMB-PINACA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid was identified in the absence of 5F-MDMB-PINACA. Forensic toxicologists should be aware of the results of this study as they directly impact analytical consideration for test development and implementation, as well as interpretation of findings.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32435808</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>21</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1945-2403</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>May</Month><Day>20</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of analytical toxicology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Anal Toxicol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Evaluation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolites in Human Blood in the Absence of Parent Compounds-A Stability Assessment.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">bkaa054</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/jat/bkaa054</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Synthetic cannabinoids represent a chemically diverse class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) responsible for large analytical and interpretative challenges for forensic toxicologists. Between 2016 and 2019, the three most prevalent synthetic cannabinoids in the United States were MMB-FUBINACA (FUB-AMB), 5F-MDMB-PINACA (5F-ADB), and 5F-MDMB-PICA, based on results from seized drug and toxicology testing. In 2018, accurate determination of synthetic cannabinoid positivity was brought into question as it was determined that the metabolites of these drug species were present in the absence of parent compounds in forensically relevant blood samples. During this study, the stability of MMB-FUBINACA, 5F-MDMB-PINACA, and 5F-MDMB-PICA was evaluated, as well as the characterization of breakdown products. A liquid-liquid extraction method was assessed for recovery of basic parent compound and acidic metabolites and deemed fit for use in this study. Analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) using a SCIEX TripleTOF® 5600+. All three synthetic cannabinoids were found to be unstable when stored in blood at either room temperature or refrigerated; all analytes were considerably more stable when stored in the freezer. All three synthetic cannabinoids degraded to their respective butanoic acid metabolites: MMB-FUBINACA 3-methylbutanoic acid, 5F-MDMB-PINACA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid, and 5F-MDMB-PICA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid. All three of these metabolites were studied and determined to be stable in blood at all storage conditions. Considering these results, our laboratory continued testing for synthetic cannabinoid metabolites in blood samples and found 83 positives (21%) for only a synthetic cannabinoid metabolite. A case report is presented herein where 5F-MDMB-PINACA 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid was identified in the absence of 5F-MDMB-PINACA. Forensic toxicologists should be aware of the results of this study as they directly impact analytical consideration for test development and implementation, as well as interpretation of findings.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Krotulski</LastName><ForeName>Alex J</ForeName><Initials>AJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bishop-Freeman</LastName><ForeName>Sandra C</ForeName><Initials>SC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC 27699.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohr</LastName><ForeName>Amanda L A</ForeName><Initials>ALA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Logan</LastName><ForeName>Barry K</ForeName><Initials>BK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE) at the Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, 2300 Stratford Ave, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NMS Labs, 3701 Welsh Rd, Willow Grove, PA 19090.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>20</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Anal Toxicol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7705085</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0146-4760</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32435808</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">5841141</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/jat/bkaa054</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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